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“Excessive Drinking—An Inescapable Part of University Life?” A Focus Group Study of Australian Undergraduates

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Open Journal of Preventive medicine 2014年第7期4卷 616-629页

作者： Jonathan Hallett alexandra mcmanus Bruce R. maycock Jennifer Smith Peter m. Howat 1Western Australian Centre for Health Promotion Research School of Public Health Curtin University Perth Australia 2Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer Control Curtin University Shenton Park Australia 3National Drug Research Institute Curtin University Shenton Park Australia Faculty of Health Science Curtin University Perth Australia Western Australian Centre for Health Promotion Research School of Public Health Curtin University Perth Australia

The university environment reinforces positive alcohol-related expectations and motivations for drinking among undergraduate students. High levels of hazardous consumption in this population lead to significant negative alcohol-related consequences, for individuals and those around them. This study sought to explore the contexts in which those who engage in hazardous drinking consume alcohol, their perceptions of safety and harm, and receptivity to health messages. Undergraduate university students (n = 69;aged 17 - 24 of both genders [57% female]) were purposively recruited into one of seven focus groups after screening with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to select for hazardous drinking (score, >8) or moderate drinking. A focus group interview schedule was developed, which was informed by theory and tested for validity by a panel of experts. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed four thematic clusters: positive expectations;inescapable culture;defining situations;and permissible drunkenness. Drinking was associated with various personal and social advantages that reinforced participants’ intentions and/or willingness to drink. Alcohol played a meaningful role in the way in which participants identified with youth and university culture. Economical drinking was prominent, with students constantly negotiating pathways to intoxication within the confines of their budgets. Heavy drinking was viewed as permissible when in the home environment and/or in the company of trusted friends. most students were unreceptive to health messages, and advice on restricting alcohol consumption seemed to have limited impact on drinking behaviour. Our findings clarify why some university students maintain or increase drinking behaviour despite known negative outcomes and offer useful insights to inform further research and the development of alcohol interventions specifically targeted at students.

关键词： Alcohol Student Undergraduate Qualitative Drinking Binge

Reconstructive Surgery in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2024年第4期14卷 201-217页

作者： mauro Rubén Cushpa Guamán mónica alexandra Caiza Asitimbay Cecilia margarita Casco manzano Facultad de medicina Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo Riobamba Ecuador

Objective: The aim of this research was to find out if reconstructive surgery is the best option to improve the quality of life of patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared to other monotherapy or combination therapy ***: The research uses a mixed qualitative-quantitative, correlational, and cross-sectional approach. The medical records of a sample of 28 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were treated at Rio Hospital in Riobamba-Ecuador in the period 2022-2024 were reviewed. The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) was used to assess quality of life, and the Diseases Activity Score (DAS) 28 was used to measure the degree of joint involvement. To establish the correlation between variables, HJ Biplot multivariate analysis was applied in RStudio. Results: A high correlation was found between quality of life and the degree of joint involvement DAS 28, patients with a degree of high activity (more unfavorable condition) have a worse quality of life due to their severe disability. Both quality of life and the degree of joint involvement were also correlated with the treatment they receive, patients with worse quality of life and a higher degree of joint involvement received combined therapy as treatment. Patients who have undergone reconstructive surgery have a better quality of life. Overweight patients tend to have greater joint involvement and poorer quality of life. Conclusions: The results suggest that reconstructive surgery plays an important role in the management of patients with advanced rheumatoid arthritis, helping to restore function and improve quality of life.

关键词： Surgery Reconstructive Arthritis Rheumatoid

Effect of Non-Routine Perioperative Laboratory Values on 30 Day mortality after Non-Cardiac Surgery

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2017年第6期7卷 166-173页

作者： michael Ohebsion Zhongjie Cai alexandra Ruan Stephanie Biglarian Ling Zheng mary m. Joseph Departments of Anesthesiology and Neurology Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles California

Background: It is known that certain laboratory value abnormalities may increase mortality in patient populations with specific risk factors and specific procedures. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of drawing a non-routine lab (regardless of its result) on 30 day mortality and to investigate the effect of an abnormal non-routine laboratory value on 30 day mortality. methods: The electronic medical records of adult patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery from 2011-2014 at LAC + USC medical Center were reviewed retrospectively as approved by our institutional review board. Demographic data, surgical risk assessment, and routine and non-routine laboratory values (TSH, Troponin, Creatine Kinase, Hb A1c) were recorded;patients were grouped according to the single non-routine lab they had drawn. multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine significant risk factors associated with increased 30 day mortality. Results: 11,306 patients met our inclusion criteria. Drawing a non-routine lab was associated with a statistically significant increase in mortality in the Troponin group (OR = 3.05, P mal non-routine lab value was associated with a statistically significantly increase in mortality in the TSH group (OR = 11.07, P = 0.008) but not in the other three groups. Conclusions: Drawing a non-routine lab was associated with a statistically significant increase in mortality in the Troponin group but not in the TSH, Creatine Kinase, or Hb A1c groups. An abnormal TSH value was associated with a statistically significant increase in mortality but not an abnormal Troponin, Creatine Kinase, or Hb A1c. Routine and non-routine laboratory testing may guide perioperative patient care and result in improved post-surgical outcome.

关键词： Laboratory Values Perioperative Non-Routine 30 Day mortality

Drinking Water from Hand-Pumps in mali, Niger, and Ghana, West Africa: Review of Health Effects

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第8期5卷 13-20页

作者： alexandra Lutz Samuel Diarra W. Braimah Apambire James m. Thomas Jarvis Ayamsegna Division of Hydrologic Sciences Desert Research Institute Reno USA World Vision West Africa WASH Accra Ghana

The purpose of this study was to evaluate parameters of drinking water quality from hand-pumps in Ghana, mali, and Niger, evaluate possible sources of parameters, and provide an overview of potential health effects in the population. Concentrations of 22 parameters in 3337 groundwater samples were analyzed and compared with World Health Organization drinking water guidelines. In general, F, mn, and Al had relatively larger and more common rates of occurrence, though there was by country. For F, there were reports of skeletal fluorosis in Niger and dental fluorosis in Ghana. For mn and Al it was difficult to assess health effects due to scarce information.

关键词： Drinking Water Groundwater Water Chemistry Health

Restoration of energy level in the early phase of acute pediatric pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第6期23卷 957-963页

作者： Dóra mosztbacher Nelli Farkas margit Solymár Gabriella Pár Judit Bajor ákos Szucs József Czimmer Katalin márta alexandra mikó Zoltán Rumbus Péter Varjú Péter Hegyi Andrea Párniczky First Department of Pediatrics Semmelweis University Institute for Translational medicine University of Pécs Institute for Bioanalyses University of Pécs Department of Gastroenterology First Department of MedicineUniversity of Pécs Department of Translational medicine First Department of MedicineUniversity of Pécs First Department of Surgery Semmelweis University Hungarian Academy of Sciences-University of Szeged Momentum Gastroenterology Multidisciplinary Research Group Heim Pál Children’s Hospital

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious inflammatory disease with rising incidence both in the adult and pediatric populations. It has been shown that mitochondrial injury and energy depletion are the earliest intracellular events in the early phase of AP. moreover, it has been revealed that restoration of intracellular ATP level restores cellular functions and defends the cells from death. We have recently shown in a systematic review and meta-analysis that early enteral feeding is beneficial in adults; however, no reviews are available concerning the effect of early enteral feeding in pediatric AP. In this minireview, our aim was to systematically analyse the literature on the treatmentof acute pediatric pancreatitis. The preferred reporting items for systematic review(PRISmA-P) were followed, and the question was drafted based on participants, intervention, comparison and outcomes: P: patients under the age of twenty-one suffering from acute pancreatitis; I: early enteral nutrition (per os and nasogastric- or nasojejunal tube started within 48 h); C: nil per os therapy; O: length of hospitalization, need for treatment at an intensive care unit, development of severe AP, lung injury (including lung oedema and pleural effusion), white blood cell count and pain score on admission. Altogether, 632 articles (Pub med: 131; EmBASE: 501) were found. After detailed screening of eligible papers, five of them met inclusion criteria. Only retrospective clinical trials were available. Due to insufficient information from the authors, it was only possible to address length of hospitalization as an outcome of the study. Our mini-meta-analysis showed that early enteral nutrition significantly(SD = 0.806, P = 0.034) decreases length of hospitalization compared with nil per os diet in acute pediatric pancreatitis. In this minireview, we clearly show that early enteral nutrition, started within 24-48 h, is beneficial in acute pediatric pancreatitis. Prospective studies and better pres

关键词： pediatric pancreatitis enteral nutrition nil per os diet ATP restoration length of hospitalization

Species richness and density evaluation for plants with aggregated distributions:fixed *** area methods

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 765-770页

作者： Rita de Cássia Quitete Portela alexandra dos Santos Pires maria Isabel Guedes Braz Eduardo Arcoverde de mattos Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroCaixa Postal 68020Ilha do FundãoRio de JaneiroRJ 21941-590Brasil Departamento de Ciências Ambientais Instituto de FlorestasUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroRod.BR 465Km 07Cidade UniversitáriaSeropédicaRio de JaneiroRJ 23890-000Brasil

Aims Knowledge of species richness is of prime importance to both basic and applied aspects of ecological ***,quantifying plant species richness in the tropics is potentially time-consuming because of high species *** species richness estimates are also frequently biased,because many rare species are not *** address these problems,the use of a variable area method has been proposed as an alternative to fixed area methods,but its appli-cability to plants with aggregated distributions has been questioned based on simulation *** use empirical data to compare the efficiency and accuracy of a variable area method and a fixed area method for estimating species richness,density and basal area for plants with aggregated distributions,using palms as a model *** Adult palms were sampled in twenty 10×30 m transects in an Atlantic Forest in Rio de Janeiro state,*** individuals were considered in the fixed area method,while in the variable area method only the first six adults in each transect were sampled;in this case,transect length was defined according to the distance of the sixth adult from the beginning of the *** fewer than six individuals were observed in a given transect,transect length was extended up to 50 m to search for additional *** efficiency of both methods was compared based on species rarefaction curves,using the chao 1 statistic(for abundance data).For each species we calculated mean density per transect and basal area,according to each sampling *** effort in terms of the number of individual plants and the area necessary to characterize maximum species richness in each sampling method,as well as mean time taken to sample a single transect,were compared as measures of *** findings An accurate estimate of species richness was achieved using both methods,but in the variable area method,a quarter of the number of individuals and half the area was sufficient

关键词： basal area biodiversity inventory palms taxon sampling

Y-Chromosomal Profile and mitochondrial DNA of the Chevalier Bayard (1476?-1524)

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Open Journal of Genetics 2017年第1期7卷 50-61页

作者： Gérard Lucotte alexandra Bouin Wilkinson Institute of molecular Anthropology Paris France

Objective: We report the results of Y-chromosomal profile and mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) of the Chevalier Bayard (1476?-1524). methods: His genomic DNA was extracted from a tooth of his mandible. His Y-STRs profile was obtained using the AmFirst identifier PCR amplification kit. The mtDNA genomic sequence intervals for HVR1 and HVR2 were amplified by PCR, with specific primers. Results: We obtained the complete STR (Short Tandem Repeats) profile, based on fourteen STRs (DYS19, DYS385.a, DYS389.I and .b, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456 and DYS458 and Y-GATA-H4). The deduced Y-STRs profile corresponds to the sub-clade S21 of the major European haplogroup R1b-m269 (the “Germanic” haplotype). There are six mutations (16093C, 16211T and 16519C in the HVR1 sequence, 263G, 309.1C and 315.1C in the HVR2 sequence) in the mtDNA of Bayard. The 263G mutation determines the H mtDNA haplogroup and the 16211T suggests the H5 sub-clade of the H haplogroup (a sub-clade found at >8% frequency in France, at the periphery of the Alpine arch region). This sub-clade H5 (subsequently assimilated to the H10e haplotype) is that (with a perfect match) of a modern living male related (to 32 generations) to the Bayard maternal ascendance. The Bayard mtDNA haplotype was found once only in a database of 100 South-German mtDNA control sequences. Conclusions: The resulting R1b-m269 Y haplogroup established confirms the Germanic origin of the Bayard ancestors, suggested by genealogic studies concerning his paternal ascendance. The result concerning the mtDNA H10e haplotype found in the modern living male related to Bayard by matrilinear ascendance establishes that the DNA tooth is well of him, with a 99% of chance.

关键词： The Chevalier Bayard Tooth Genomic DNA Y-STRs Profile mtDNA mutations

Revisiting the determination of mount Olympus Height(Greece)

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Journal of mountain Science 2023年第4期20卷 1026-1034页

作者： Dimitrios AmPATZIDIS Georgios mOSCHOPOULOS Antonios mOURATIDIS michael STYLLAS Alexandros TSImERIKAS Vasileios-Klearchos DELIGIANNIS Nikolaos VOUTSIS Triantafyllia-maria PERIVOLIOTI Georgios S.VERGOS alexandra PLACHTOVA Genie Lab Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics EngineeringInternational Hellenic UniversityTerma Magnisias62124SerresGreece EO.Lab Department of Physical&Environmental Geography Aristotle University54124ThessalonikiGreece Geoservice LTD Eirinis 14 Str55236ThessalonikiGreece Nomotechniki Pierias Dim.Dimadi 560100KateriniGreece Paths of Greece Karneadou 34-36Athens10676Greece Laboratory of Gravity Field Research and Applications-GravLab Aristotle University of Thessaloniki University Box 44054124ThessalonikiGreece Faculty of Science Department of Applied Geoinformatics and Cartography Charles UniversityAlbertov 612843Praha 2Czechia Balkan Center Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation(CIRI-AUTH)AUTH Campus54124ThessalonikiGreece

The present study deals with the determination of mount Olympus summit(mytikas),exploiting modern observations such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS)and existing geodetic *** last official Olympus height determination goes back 102 years by the Swiss surveyor *** then,only unofficial measurement campaigns have taken *** is a variety of released heights,which range from 2917 to 2919 *** September and October of 2022,we conducted a GNSS campaign,focusing on the area of highest Olympus *** precise GNSS measurements(accuracy of 1-3 cm),in conjunction with height information from Greece’s National Triangulation Network(5-10 cm accuracy)and an appropriate,recent geoid model(5-6 cm accuracy),we estimate through the so-called GNSS-levelling,the height of Olympus to 2917.727 m with respect to Greece’s officially accepted mean sea level and 2918.390 m with respect to the global vertical *** estimation of Olympus highest peak shows remarkable consistency at the level of 12.8 cm to that of *** in 1921.

关键词： Olympus Greece mountain height determination GNSS leveling Surveying

Innate Igm antibodies to mannose in patients with gastric cancer

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Cancer Biology & medicine 2024年第3期21卷 193-197页

作者： maxim Petrovich Nikulin Nadezhda Vladimirovna Shilova Alexander Dmitrievich Lipatnikov Ivan Sokratovich Stilidi alexandra Vladimirovna Semyanikhina Nikolai Vladimirovich Bovin Nikolai Nikolaevich Tupitsyn Federal State Budgetary Institution"National medical Research Center for Oncology Named After N.N.Blokhin"of the ministry of Health of Russia MoscowRussia State Research Center"Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Named After Academicians m.m.Shemyakin and Yu.A.Ovchinnikov"of the Russian Academy of Sciences MoscowRussia National medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician VI.Kulakov of the Ministry of Health of Russian FederationMoscowRussia

Gastric cancer(GC) remains one of the most common lethal diseases. Every year, about 1 million people fall ill and almost 800 thousand people die worldwide~1. Surgical treatment has reached its limit. The current advances in immunology and detection of epidermal growth factor molecules(EGFR) in gastric cancer cells allowed to improve the treatment results;however, the metastatic form of this disease is still incurable.

关键词： Gastric cancer gastric