检索结果-南通市图书馆

Laparoscopic ultrasonography as an alternative to intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第29期23卷 5438-5450页

作者： alexandra Dili Claude Bertrand Unit of Digestive Endocrine and General Surgery Department of Surgery University Hospital - Godinne Université catholique de Louvain

AIM To assess the role of laparoscopic ultrasound(LUS) as a substitute for intraoperative cholangiography(IOC) during *** We present a MEDLINE and Pub Med literature search, having used the key-words "laparoscopic intraoperative ultrasound" and "laparoscopic cholecystectomy". All relevant English language publications from 2000 to 2016 were identified, with data extracted for the role of LUS in the anatomical delineation of the biliary tract, detection of common bile duct stones(CBDS), prevention or early detection of biliary duct injury(BDI), and incidental findings during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Data for the role of LUS vs IOC in complex situations(i.e., inflammatory disease/fibrosis) were specifically analyzed. RESULTS We report data from eighteen reports, 13 prospective non-randomized trials, 5 retrospective trials, and two meta-analyses assessing diagnostic accuracy, with one analysis also assessing costs, duration of the examination, and anatomical mapping. Overall, LUS was shown to provide highly sensitive mapping of the extra-pancreatic biliary anatomy in 92%-100% of patients, with more difficulty encountered in delineation of the intra-pancreatic segment of the biliary tract(73.8%-98%). Identification of vascular and biliary variations has been documented in two studies. Although inflammatory disease hampered accuracy, LUS was still advantageous vs IOC in patients with obscured anatomy. LUS can be performed before any dissection and repeated at will to guide the surgeon especially when hilar mapping is difficult due to fibrosis and inflammation. In two studies LUS prevented conversion in 91% of patients with difficult scenarios. Considering CBDS detection, LUS sensitivity and specificity were 76%-100% and 96.2%-100%, respectively. LUS allowed the diagnosis/treatment of incidental findings of adjacent organs. No valuable data for BDI prevention or detection could be retrieved, even if no BDI was documented in the reports analyzed. L

关键词： Intraoperative 超声 Laparoscopic 胆囊炎胆汁管损害 Choledocolithiasis 胆汁的异例

Parallel patterns and trends in functional structures in extinct island mammals

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2014年第2期9卷 167-182页

作者： alexandra A.E.VAN DER GEER Naturalis Netherlands Biodiversity Center LeidenNetherlands

Endemic mammalian species on islands are generally known to have followed a different evolutionary pathway than their mainland relatives. General patterns, such as body size trends, have been described regularly. How-ever, most island mammal species are unique and each of them is adapted to a specific local niche as part of an equally specific ecological assemblage. Therefore, comparing island species across taxa, islands and time is in-herently dangerous without understanding the adaptational value of the studied feature in the compared taxa and without taking the ecological setting of the taxa into account. In this contribution, general and recurring patterns are described per taxon. Some features, like body mass change and sturdy limbs, are relatively general, where-as most features, like bone fusions and change of orbital axis, occur only in a very few taxa. Some features are even contradictory, such as brain size and degree of hypsodonty, with each taxon having its own particular de-sign. In conclusion, general patterns are more often than not just trends and need to be applied with caution.

关键词： body proportions fossil record island rule paleo-insular mammals Pleistocene

Beyond cardiomyocytes:Cellular diversity in the heart's response to exercise

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

运动与健康科学(英文) 2023年第4期12卷 423-437,F0003页

作者： Lena E.Trager Margaret Lyons alexandra Kuznetsov Cedric Sheffield Kangsan Roh Rebecca Freeman James Rhee J.Sawalla Guseh Haobo Li Anthony Rosenzweig Corrigan Minehan Heart Center Division of CardiologyCardiovascular Research CenterDepartment of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114USA University of Minnesota Medical School MinneapolisMI 55455USA Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Institute for Heart and Brain Health University of Michigan Medical CenterAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Cardiomyocytes comprise~70%to 85%of the total volume of the adult mammalian heart but only about 25%to 35%of its total number of *** in single cell and single nuclei RNA sequencing have greatly facilitated investigation into and increased appreciation of the potential functions of non-cardiomyocytes in the *** much of this work has focused on the relationship between non-cardiomyocytes,disease,and the heart's response to pathological stress,it will also be important to understand the roles that these cells play in the healthy heart,cardiac homeostasis,and the response to physiological stress such as *** present review summarizes recent research highlighting dynamic changes in non-cardiomyocytes in response to the physiological stress of *** particular interest are changes in fibrotic pathways,the cardiac vasculature,and immune or inflammatory *** many instances,limited data are available about how specific lineages change in response to exercise or whether the changes observed are functionally important,underscoring the need for further research.

关键词： Angiogenesis Cardiac fibrosis Cardioprotection Hypertrophy Non-cardiomyocytes Proliferation

Self-reported physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions, and healthcare utilization patterns in Million Veteran Program enrollees with Traumatic Brain Injury Screening and Evaluation Program data

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Military Medical Research 2023年第5期10卷 587-598页

作者： alexandra L.Clark Makenna B.McGill Erin D.Ozturk David M.Schnyer Catherine Chanfreau‑Cofnier Victoria C.Merritt Research Service VA San Diego Healthcare System(VASDHS)San DiegoCA92161USA Department of Psychology The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA San Diego State University/University of CaliforniaSan Diego Joint Doctoral Program San DiegoCA 92120USA VA Informaticsand Computing Infrastructure(VINCI) VA Salt Lake City Health Care SystemSalt Lake CityUT 84148USA Department of Psychiatry School of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 29093USA Center of Excel‑lence for Stress and Mental Health VASDHSSan Diego 92161USA

Background Examining the health outcomes of veterans who have completed the United States Veterans Health Administration’s(VHA’s)Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI)Screening and Evaluation Program may aid in the refinement and improvement of clinical care initiatives within the *** study compared self-reported physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions,and health care utilization patterns in Million Veteran Program enrollees with TBI Screening and Evaluation Program data(collected between 2007 and 2019),with the goal of enhancing understanding of potentially modifiable health conditions in this *** In this observational cohort study,veterans(n=16,452)were grouped based on the diagnostic outcome of the TBI Screening and Evaluation Program:1)negative TBI screen(Screen^(-));2)positive TBI screen but no confirmed TBI diagnosis[Screen^(+)/Comprehensive TBI Evaluation(CTBIE)^(-)];or 3)positive TBI screen and confirmed TBI diagnosis(Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)).Chi-square tests and analysis of covariance were used to explore group differences in physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions,and health care utilization patterns,and logistic regressions were used to examine predictors of Screen^(+/-)and CTBIE^(+/-)group *** The results showed that veterans in the Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(-)and Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)groups generally reported poorer levels of physical functioning(P’s0.5)compared with the Screen-group;however,health outcomes were generally comparable between the Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(-)and Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)***-up analyses confirmed that while physical functioning,hypertension,stroke,healthcare utilization,and prescription medication use reliably distinguished between the Screen-and Screen^(+)groups(P’s<0.02,OR’s 0.78 to 3.38),only physical functioning distinguished bet

关键词： Traumatic brain injury(TBI)screen Comprehensive TBI Evaluation(CTBIE) Health outcomes Cardiometabolichealth Veterans Million Veteran Program(MVP)

Revisiting the determination of Mount Olympus Height(Greece)

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第4期20卷 1026-1034页

作者： Dimitrios AMPATZIDIS Georgios MOSCHOPOULOS Antonios MOURATIDIS Michael STYLLAS Alexandros TSIMERIKAS Vasileios-Klearchos DELIGIANNIS Nikolaos VOUTSIS Triantafyllia-Maria PERIVOLIOTI Georgios S.VERGOS alexandra PLACHTOVA Genie Lab Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics EngineeringInternational Hellenic UniversityTerma Magnisias62124SerresGreece EO.Lab Department of Physical&Environmental Geography Aristotle University54124ThessalonikiGreece Geoservice LTD Eirinis 14 Str55236ThessalonikiGreece Nomotechniki Pierias Dim.Dimadi 560100KateriniGreece Paths of Greece Karneadou 34-36Athens10676Greece Laboratory of Gravity Field Research and Applications-GravLab Aristotle University of Thessaloniki University Box 44054124ThessalonikiGreece Faculty of Science Department of Applied Geoinformatics and Cartography Charles UniversityAlbertov 612843Praha 2Czechia Balkan Center Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation(CIRI-AUTH)AUTH Campus54124ThessalonikiGreece

The present study deals with the determination of Mount Olympus summit(Mytikas),exploiting modern observations such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS)and existing geodetic *** last official Olympus height determination goes back 102 years by the Swiss surveyor *** then,only unofficial measurement campaigns have taken *** is a variety of released heights,which range from 2917 to 2919 *** September and October of 2022,we conducted a GNSS campaign,focusing on the area of highest Olympus *** precise GNSS measurements(accuracy of 1-3 cm),in conjunction with height information from Greece’s National Triangulation Network(5-10 cm accuracy)and an appropriate,recent geoid model(5-6 cm accuracy),we estimate through the so-called GNSS-levelling,the height of Olympus to 2917.727 m with respect to Greece’s officially accepted mean sea level and 2918.390 m with respect to the global vertical *** estimation of Olympus highest peak shows remarkable consistency at the level of 12.8 cm to that of *** in 1921.

关键词： Olympus Greece Mountain height determination GNSS leveling Surveying

Adjusted macroeconomic indicators to account for ecosystem degradation:an illustrative example

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2019年第1期5卷 133-143,I0003页

作者： Alessandra La Notte alexandra Marques European Commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly

Adjusting macroeconomic indicators to account for the depletion and degradation of natural capital has long been viewed as a way to show the linkages between nature and the economy and foster more sustainable paths of ***,we show how the System of Environmental Economic Accounting(SEEA)Experimental Ecosystem Accounting(EEA)can be used to develop environmentally adjusted macroeconomic *** specifically,we show how an enlargement of the production boundary to include the consideration of ecosystems as institutional units allows the development of a net value added metric that reflects depreciation and degradation of the natural capital *** measurement could be useful for policymaking:the linkage of ecosystem services to economic activities allows us to account for loss,repair and substitution of natural capital,and thus helps us to formulate and monitor environmental policies.

关键词： Ecosystem services natural capital ecosystem accounting sustainability degradation

Post-dispersal seed predation of three grassland species in a plant diversity experiment

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第6期6卷 468-479页

作者： Gesine Pufal alexandra-Maria Klein Institute of Ecology Leuphana UniversityScharnhorststr.121335 LüneburgGermany

Aims Post-dispersal seed predation is an important ecosystem process because it can influence the seed’s fate after the initial dispersal from the mother plant and subsequently transform *** at small scales,post-dispersal seed predation can vary greatly depending on seed identity,granivorous taxa or microhabitat ***,little is known about the role of plant species richness and functional group richness in post-dispersal seed *** overall aim of this study was to test whether increasing plant species richness or plant functional group richness affects the rate and variability of post-dispersal seed *** additionally investigated the influence of vegetation structure and seed species identity on the rate and variability of post-dispersal seed predation and whether the influence of different granivorous taxa changed with increasing plant species *** We conducted seed removal experiments along a long-term experimental plant diversity gradient,comprising plots with monocultures to 60 species mixtures of common grassland species in Jena,Germany,in August *** studied seeds of Onobrychis viciifolia,Pastinaca sativa and Trifolium pratense in exclusion experiments(seed cafeterias),an experimental setup that allowed access either for arthropods or slugs or for all granivorous ***,seeds removed from seed cafeterias were classified as consumed but we used traceable fluorescent-coloured seeds to obtain more accurate predation rates by subtracting recovered seeds from overall removed *** effect of multiple vegetation variables on mean and variability of seed predation rates was analysed using generalized mixed-effect models and linear regressions,*** Findings Rates of recovered seeds were low but contributed to significant differences between seed predation rates and removal rates of seeds in some *** predation rates were not directly correlated with increasing plant spe

关键词： arthropods cafeteria-style experiments ecosystem functions granivorous taxa slugs

Oxidative imbalance increases the risk for colonic polyp and colorectal cancer development

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第11期14卷 2208-2223页

作者： Dimitrios Tsounis Vassiliki Villiotou Angeliki Melpidou Chara Pantsiou alexandra Argyrou Charis Giannopoulou Adriani Grigoratou Dimitra Rontogianni Gerassimos J Mantzaris George Papatheodoridis Department of Gastroenterology 251 General Hospital of Hellenic Air ForceAthens 11525Greece Department of Biochemistry Metaxa Anticancer HospitalPiraeus 18537Greece Department of Biochemistry Evangelismos HospitalAthens 10676Greece Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography Evangelismos HospitalAthens 10676Greece Department of Pathology Evangelismos HospitalAthens 10676Greece Department of Gastroenterology EvangelismosOphthalmiatreion Athinon and Polyclinic HospitalsAthens 10676Greece Academic Department of Gastroenterology Athens University Medical SchoolLaikon General HospitalAthens 11527Greece

BACKGROUND The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma(CRC)has garnered considerable interest *** oxidative factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of adenomatous polyps and ultimately *** To evaluate the effect of oxidative imbalance as quantified by specific serological markers in the development of sporadic colon *** A total of 170 patients that underwent endoscopy of the lower gastrointestinal tract in a tertiary center within 3 years were included in the *** were allocated in three groups;those with sporadic colon adenocarcinoma(n=56,32.9%),those with colonic polyps(n=33,19.4%)and healthy controls(n=81,47.7%).All patients were evaluated for oxidant activity and antioxidant capacity with serum measurements of specific markers such as vitamins A,25(OH)D3,E,C,B12,folic acid,glutathione,selenium(Se),zinc(Zn),free iron(Fe^(2+)),and malondialdehyde and results were compared between *** Serum levels of vitamins C,E,D,Se,Zn,vitamin B12 and total antioxidant capacity were significantly lower in the combined neoplasia/polyp group than in the control group(P=0.002,P=0.009,P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.001,P=0.020 and P<0.001,correspondingly).Increased levels of vitamin E(P=0.004),vitamin D(P<0.001),Se(P<0.001)and Zn(P<0.001)seem to bestow a protective effect on the development of *** vitamin D(P<0.001)and Zn(P=0.036),this effect seems to extend to the development of colon polyps as *** the other hand,elevated serum levels of malondialdehyde are associated with a higher risk of CRC(OR=2.09 compared to controls,P=0.004).Regarding colonic polyp development,increased concentrations of vitaminΑand Fe^(2+) are associated with a higher risk,whereas lower levels of malondialdehyde with a lower *** Increased oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of ***’presence may exert a protective effect in the very early stages

关键词： Oxidative imbalance Reactive oxygen species Colorectal adenocarcinoma Colonic polyps Antioxidant capacity

Microbial community coalescence and nitrogen cycling in simulated mortality decomposition hotspots

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Ecological Processes 2023年 608-624页

作者： Sarah W.Keenan alexandra L.Emmons Jennifer M.De Bruyn Department of Geology and Geological Engineering South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Department of Anthropology University of Tennessee Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science University of Tennessee

Background The pulsed introduction of dead plant and animal material into soils represents one of the primary mechanisms for returning organic carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) compounds to biogeochemical cycles. Decomposition of animal carcasses provides a high C and N resource that stimulates indigenous environmental microbial communities and introduces non-indigenous, carcass-derived microbes to the environment. However, the dynamics of the coalesced microbial communities, and the relative contributions of environment-and carcass-derived microbes to C and N cycling are unknown. To test whether environment-derived, carcass-derived, or the combined microbial communities exhibited a greater influence on C and N cycling, we conducted controlled laboratory experiments that combined carcass decomposition fluids and soils to simulate carcass decomposition hotspots. We selectively sterilized the decomposition fluid and/or soil to remove microbial communities and create different combinations of environment-and carcass-derived communities and incubated the treatments under three temperatures(10, 20,and 30 °C).Results Carcass-derived bacteria persisted in soils in our simulated decomposition scenarios, albeit at low abundances. Mixed communities had higher respiration rates at 10 and 30 °C compared to soil or carcass communities alone. Interestingly, at higher temperatures, mixed communities had reduced diversity, but higher respiration,suggesting functional redundancy. Mixed communities treatments also provided evidence that carcass-associated microbes may be contributing to ammonification and denitrification, but that nitrification is still primarily carried out by native soil *** Our work yields insight into the dynamics of microbial communities that are coalescing during carcass decomposition, and how they contribute to recycling carcasses in terrestrial ecosystems.

关键词：