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Self-reported physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions, and healthcare utilization patterns in Million Veteran Program enrollees with Traumatic Brain Injury Screening and Evaluation Program data

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Military Medical Research 2023年第5期10卷 587-598页

作者： alexandra l.Clark Makenna B.McGill Erin D.Ozturk David M.Schnyer Catherine Chanfreau‑Cofnier Victoria C.Merritt Research Service VA San Diego Healthcare System(VASDHS)San DiegoCA92161USA Department of Psychology The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA San Diego State University/University of CaliforniaSan Diego Joint Doctoral Program San DiegoCA 92120USA VA Informaticsand Computing Infrastructure(VINCI) VA Salt Lake City Health Care SystemSalt Lake CityUT 84148USA Department of Psychiatry School of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 29093USA Center of Excel‑lence for Stress and Mental Health VASDHSSan Diego 92161USA

Background Examining the health outcomes of veterans who have completed the United States Veterans Health Administration’s(VHA’s)Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI)Screening and Evaluation Program may aid in the refinement and improvement of clinical care initiatives within the *** study compared self-reported physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions,and health care utilization patterns in Million Veteran Program enrollees with TBI Screening and Evaluation Program data(collected between 2007 and 2019),with the goal of enhancing understanding of potentially modifiable health conditions in this *** In this observational cohort study,veterans(n=16,452)were grouped based on the diagnostic outcome of the TBI Screening and Evaluation Program:1)negative TBI screen(Screen^(-));2)positive TBI screen but no confirmed TBI diagnosis[Screen^(+)/Comprehensive TBI Evaluation(CTBIE)^(-)];or 3)positive TBI screen and confirmed TBI diagnosis(Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)).Chi-square tests and analysis of covariance were used to explore group differences in physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions,and health care utilization patterns,and logistic regressions were used to examine predictors of Screen^(+/-)and CTBIE^(+/-)group *** The results showed that veterans in the Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(-)and Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)groups generally reported poorer levels of physical functioning(P’slic health conditions(P’slth care utilization(P’s0.5)compared with the Screen-group;however,health outcomes were generally comparable between the Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(-)and Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)***-up analyses confirmed that while physical functioning,hypertension,stroke,healthcare utilization,and prescription medication use reliably distinguished between the Screen-and Screen^(+)groups(P’sly physical functioning distinguished bet

关键词： Traumatic brain injury(TBI)screen Comprehensive TBI Evaluation(CTBIE) Health outcomes Cardiometabolichealth Veterans Million Veteran Program(MVP)

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Microbial community coalescence and nitrogen cycling in simulated mortality decomposition hotspots

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Ecological Processes 2023年 608-624页

作者： Sarah W.Keenan alexandra l.Emmons Jennifer M.De Bruyn Department of Geology and Geological Engineering South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Department of Anthropology University of Tennessee Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science University of Tennessee

Background The pulsed introduction of dead plant and animal material into soils represents one of the primary mechanisms for returning organic carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) compounds to biogeochemical cycles. Decomposition of animal carcasses provides a high C and N resource that stimulates indigenous environmental microbial communities and introduces non-indigenous, carcass-derived microbes to the environment. However, the dynamics of the coalesced microbial communities, and the relative contributions of environment-and carcass-derived microbes to C and N cycling are unknown. To test whether environment-derived, carcass-derived, or the combined microbial communities exhibited a greater influence on C and N cycling, we conducted controlled laboratory experiments that combined carcass decomposition fluids and soils to simulate carcass decomposition hotspots. We selectively sterilized the decomposition fluid and/or soil to remove microbial communities and create different combinations of environment-and carcass-derived communities and incubated the treatments under three temperatures(10, 20,and 30 °C).Results Carcass-derived bacteria persisted in soils in our simulated decomposition scenarios, albeit at low abundances. Mixed communities had higher respiration rates at 10 and 30 °C compared to soil or carcass communities alone. Interestingly, at higher temperatures, mixed communities had reduced diversity, but higher respiration,suggesting functional redundancy. Mixed communities treatments also provided evidence that carcass-associated microbes may be contributing to ammonification and denitrification, but that nitrification is still primarily carried out by native soil *** Our work yields insight into the dynamics of microbial communities that are coalescing during carcass decomposition, and how they contribute to recycling carcasses in terrestrial ecosystems.

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Non-exposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery with one-step nucleic acid amplification for early gastrointestinal tumors:Personal experience and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第24期29卷 3883-3898页

作者： Francesco Crafa Serafino Vanella Aristide Morante Onofrio A Catalano Kelsey l Pomykala Mario Baiamonte Maria Godas alexandra Antunes Joaquim Costa Pereira Valentina Giaccaglia Division of General and Surgical Oncology St.Giuseppe Moscati HospitalCenter of National Excellence and High SpecialtyAvellino 83100Italy Division of Gastorenterology and Endoscopy St.Giuseppe Moscati HospitalCenter of National Excellence and High SpecialtyAvellino 83100Italy Department of Radiology Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical ImagingMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States Department of Nuclear Medicine Department of Radiological SciencesUniversity Hospital EssenUniversity of Duisburg-EssenEssen 45141Germany Department of General Surgery Braga HospitalBraga 4710-243Portugal Department of Surgery Medclinic City HospitalDubai 505004United Arab Emirates

BACKGROUND laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery is a safe,organ-sparing surgery that achieves full-thickness resection with adequate *** studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these ***,these techniques are limited by the exposure of the tumor and mucosa to the peritoneal cavity,which could lead to viable cancer cell seeding and the spillage of gastric juice or enteric liquids into the peritoneal ***-exposed endoscopic wallinversion surgery(NEWS)is highly accurate in determining the resection margins to prevent intraperitoneal contamination because the tumor is inverted into the visceral lumen instead of the peritoneal *** intraoperative assessment of the nodal status could allow stratification of the extent of ***-step nucleic acid amplification(OSNA)can provide a rapid method of evaluating nodal tissue,whilst nearinfrared laparoscopy together with indocyanine green can identify relevant nodal tissue *** To determine the safety and feasibility of NEWS in early gastric and colon cancers and of adding rapid intraoperative lymph node(lN)assessment with *** The patient-based experiential portion of our investigations was conducted at the General and Oncological Surgery Unit of the *** Moscati Hospital(Avellino,Italy).Patients with early-stage gastric or colon cancer(diagnosed via endoscopy,endoscopic ultrasound,and computed tomography)were *** lesions were treated by NEWS procedure with intraoperative OSNA assay between January 2022 and October *** were examined intraoperatively with OSNA and postoperatively with conventional *** analyzed patient demographics,lesion features,histopathological diagnoses,R0 resection(negative margins)status,adverse events,and follow-up *** were collected prospectively and analyzed *** A total of 10 patients(5 males and 5 females)with an average age of 70.4±4.5 years(range:62

关键词： laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery Non-exposed endoscopic wall inversion surgery Early gastric cancer Early colorectal cancer Sentinel lymph node One-step nucleic acid amplification Endoscopic full-thickness resection

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Acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in an adult female:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第22期11卷 5288-5295页

作者： lucinda Dass alexandra Marie Malabanan Pacia Mahgol Hamidi Department of Clinical Studies St.George's UniversityTrue Blue 00000Grenada Department of Internal Medicine Jersey City Medical CenterJersey CityNew Jersey 07307United States

BACKGROUND Acute liver injury(AlI)refers to inflammation of the hepatic parenchyma without hepatic encephalopathy that lasts less than 6 *** the etiology is unknown,Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Origin(AHUO)can present as a diagnostic and treatment *** in the adult population is unusual and poorly *** has an incidence between 11%and 75%.Currently,no treatment guidelines *** no identified cause,treatment is often blind,and the wrong treatment plan may have unintended *** SUMMARY We present the case of a 58-year-old woman who presented to the emergency room for elevated liver function tests(lFTs).Her symptoms started 10 d prior to admission and included nausea,vomiting,jaundice,decreased appetite,weight loss of 10 lbs,and dark *** denied drinking alcohol or taking any hepatotoxic agents,including acetaminophen,statins,vitamins,or *** was admitted to the hospital,and an etiologic work-up was carried *** initial bloodwork revealed elevated liver enzymes(alanine aminotransferase 2500 U/l,aspartate aminotransferase 3159 U/l,and alkaline phosphatase 714 U/l)and elevated total bilirubin of 6.4 mg/*** tested negative for common infectious etiologies such as hepatotropic viruses A,B,C,and *** infective work-up revealed negative serology for cytomegalovirus,Epstein-Barr virus,herpes simplex virus 1&2,and human immunodeficiency *** autoanti-body test results were negative,including anti-smooth muscle antibody,anti-mitochondrial antibody,and anti-liver kidney microsome 1 *** resonance cholangiopancreatography ruled out biliary causes of elevated lFTs,and her core liver biopsy proved *** the course of her hospital stay,the patient's lFTs improved with supportive care and without *** Idiopathic hepatitis makes treatment *** can leave patients feeling confused and ***,educating the patient thoroughly for shared decision-making and manag

关键词： Acute hepatitis Acute liver injury Idiopathic hepatitis Acute hepatitis of unknown etiology Case report

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MicroRNA-155 mediates endogenous angiotensin II type 1 receptor regulation:implications for innovative type 2 diabetes mellitus management

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世界糖尿病杂志:英文版(电子版) 2023年第9期14卷 1334-1340页

作者： Konstantinos I Papadopoulos alexandra Papadopoulou Tar-Choon Aw Department of R&D THAI StemLifeBangkok 10310Thailand Occupational and Environmental Health Services Feelgood LundLund 223-63SkåneSweden Department of laboratory Medicine Changi General HospitalSingapore 529889SingaporeSingapore Department of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 119228SingaporeSingapore

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a lifelong condition and a threat to human *** understanding of its pathogenesis is acutely needed in order to devise innovative,preventative,and potentially curative pharmacological ***(miRNA),are small,non-coding,one-stranded RNA molecules,that can target and silence around 60%of all human genes through translational ***-155 is an ancient,evolutionarily well-conserved miRNA,with distinct expression profiles and multifunctionality,and a target repertoire of over 241 genes involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes including hematopoietic lineage differentiation,immunity,inflammation,viral infections,cancer,cardiovascular conditions,and particularly diabetes ***-155 levels are progressively reduced in aging,obesity,sarcopenia,and ***,the loss of coordinated repression of multiple miR-155 targets acting as negative regulators,such as C/EBPβ,HDAC4,and SOCS1 impacts insulin signaling,deteriorating glucose homeostasis,and causing insulin resistance(IR).Moreover,deranged regulation of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system(RAAS)through loss of Angiotensin II Type 1 receptor downregulation,and negated repression of ETS-1,results in unopposed detrimental Angiotensin II effects,further promoting ***,loss of BACH1 and SOCS1 repression abolishes cytoprotective,anti-oxidant,anti-apoptotic,and anti-inflam matory cellular pathways,and promotesβ-cell *** contrast to RAAS inhibitor treatments that further decrease already reduced miR-155 levels,strategies to increase an ailing miR-155 production in T2DM,e.g.,the use of metformin,mineralocorticoid receptor blockers(spironolactone,eplerenone,finerenone),and verapamil,alone or in various combinations,represent current treatment *** the future,direct tissue delivery of miRNA analogs is likely.

关键词： Angiotensin II Angiotensin II type 1 receptor Arginase 2 l-type calcium channel Mineralocorticoid receptor MiRNA-155 Renin-angiotensin aldosterone system Type 1/2 diabetes mellitus Verapamil

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SOPHIE: Generative Neural Networks Separate Common and Specific Transcriptional Responses

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2022年第5期20卷 912-927页

作者： alexandra J.lee Dallas l.Mould Jake Crawford Dongbo Hu Rani K.Powers Georgia Doing James C.Costello Deborah A.Hogan Casey S.Greene Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Program University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthHanoverNH 03755USA Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado School of MedicineDenverCO 80045USA Center for Health AI University of Colorado School of MedicineDenverCO 80045USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics University of Colorado School of MedicineDenverCO 80045USA

Genome-wide transcriptome profiling identifies genes that are prone to differential expression(DE)across contexts,as well as genes with changes specific to the experimental *** genes that are specifically changed in a context of interest from common differentially expressed genes(DEGs)allows more efficient prediction of which genes are specific to a given biological process under ***,common DEGs or pathways can only be identified through the laborious manual curation of experiments,an inordinately time-consuming *** we pioneer an approach,Specific cOntext Pattern Highlighting In Expression data(SOPHIE),for distinguishing between common and specific transcriptional patterns using a generative neural network to create a background set of experiments from which a null distribution of gene and pathway changes can be *** apply SOPHIE to diverse datasets including those from human,human cancer,and bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas *** identifies common DEGs in concordance with previously described,manually and systematically determined common *** molecular validation indicates that SOPHIE detects highly specific but low-magnitude biologically relevant transcriptional ***’s measure of specificity can complement log2 fold change values generated from traditional DE *** example,by filtering the set of DEGs,one can identify genes that are specifically relevant to the experimental condition of ***,these results can inform future research *** scripts used in these analyses are available at https://***/greenelab/*** can access https://***/greenelab/sophie to run SOPHIE on their own data.

关键词： Neural network Transcriptomics Software Differential expression analysis Machine learning

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Surveillance of arthropod-borne viruses in Benin,West Africa 2020–2021:detection of dengue virus 3 in Aedes aegypti(Diptera:Culicidae)

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Military Medical Research 2023年第5期10卷 730-732页

作者： Carine Tchibozo Gildas Hounkanrin Anges Yadouleton alexandra Bialonski Eric Agboli Renke luhken Jonas Schmidt‑Chanasit Hanna Jost laboratory of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers and Arboviruses of Benin 01BP 918CotonouBenin Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou 01BP 918CotonouBenin Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou National Universityof ScienceTechnologyEngineering and MathematicsAbomeyBenin Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine WHO Collaborating Centrefor Arbovirus and Haemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research20359 Ham‑burgGermany University of Health and Allied Sciences PMB 31HoGhana Faculty of Mathematics Informatics and Natural SciencesUniversitat Hamburg22609 HamburgGermany

Dear Editor,Dengue virus(DENV,family Flaviviridae,genus Flavivirus)serotypes 1 to 4(DENV-1,-2,-3,and-4)are responsible for more than 100 million infections per year *** of DENV infection can be diverse,reaching from a... 详细信息

关键词： Dengue virus Arbovirus Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti Benin

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Moving of a submarine under an ice cover in fluid of finite depth

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2019年第3期31卷 562-569页

作者： alexandra V. Pogorelova Vitali l. Zemlyak Victor M. Kozin Sholom-A leichem Priamursky State University Birobidzhan Russia Institute of Machining and Metallurgy FEB RAS Komsomolsk-na-Amure Russia

The influence of a basin depth on ice cover deflections, when a submarine moves under it in fluid, is experimentally and theoretically analyzed. For a theoretical research the ice cover is modelled by an elastic floating plate, and the submarine is modelled by a source-sink system in a fluid flow. The problem is solved by means of asymptotic analysis and integral transformations. The experimental study is conducted with submarine models in the pool with the sizes l*B*H= 10m*3m*lm . The ice cover for experiments is modelled in two ways. The first way is the thin ice plate received by freezing of the surface layer of water at low temperatures. In the second case the rubber sheet floating on a reservoir surface is used. The special velocity (the velocity at which maximum values of the wave height are reached) is analyzed. It is obtained that the decrease of the basin depth leads to decrease of the special speed. For small speeds (less than the special speed) there is the fact that the basin depth decrease leads to the increase of the height of the flexural-gravity wave.

关键词： Ice cover submarine flexural gravity wave source-sink system

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Is the propensity to emit alarm calls associated with health status?

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Current Zoology 2020年第6期66卷 607-614页

作者： Austin l.Nash alexandra H.M.Jebb Daniel T.BlUMSTEIN Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado265 UCBBoulderCO 80309USA School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenZoology BuildingTillydrone AvenueAberdeenAB242TZUK The Rocky Mountain Biological laboratory Box 519 Crested ButteCO 81224USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California621 Young Drive SouthLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA

The production and structure of animal signals may depend on an individual's health status and may provide more than one type of information to *** alarm calls are not typically viewed as health condition dependent,recent studies have suggested that their structure,and possibly their propensity to be emitted,depends on an individual,s health condition and *** asked whether the propensity of yellow-bellied marmots(Marmota flaviventer)to emit calls is influen ced by their immuno logical or parasite status,by quantifying both trap-elicited and n atural calling rates as a function of their neutrophil-to-lymphocyte(Nl)ratio,the presence of a blood borne trypanosome,and the presenee of several intestinal parasites(Eimeria sp.,Entamoeba sp.,and Ascaris sp.).We fitted mixed effects models to determine if the health measures we collected were associated with the probability of calling in a trap and with annual rates of natural alarm *** infected with a blood-borne trypanosome were marginally more likely to call naturally and when trapped,while those infected with the intestinal parasite Ascaris were less likely to call when *** ratio was not directly associated with in-trap calling probability,but males were more likely to call when they had higher Nl ***,health conditions,such as parasite infection and immune system activation,can modulate the production of alarm signals and potentially provide in formation to both predators and prey about the caller's *** experiments are required to confirm if receivers use such information.

关键词： alarm calling animal communication antipredator behavior condition dependenee immune function parasites

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Amino acid fortified diets for weanling pigs replacing fish meal and whey protein concentrate:Effects on growth,immune status,and gut health

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第3期6卷 330-339页

作者： Yan Zhao alexandra C Weaver Vivek Fellner Robert l Payne Sung Woo Kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University Evonik Corp

Background： limited availability of fish meal and whey protein concentrate increases overall feed costs. Availability of increased number of supplemental amino acids including lys, Met, Thr, Trp, Val, and lie allows replacing expensive protein supplements to reduce feed costs. This study was to evaluate the effect of replacing fish meal and/or whey protein concentrate in nursery diets with 6 supplemental amino acids on growth performance and gut health of post-weaning pigs. Treatments were 1） FM-WPC： diet with fish meal （FM） and whey protein concentrate （WPC）; 2） FM-AA： diet with FM and crystalline amino acids （l-lys, l-Thr, l-Trp, Dl-Met, l-Val, and l-lie）; 3） WPC-AA： diet with WPC and crystalline amino acid; and 4） AA： diet with crystalline amino acid. Results： Pigs in FM-AA, WPC-AA, and AA had greater （P 〈 0.0.5） ADG and gain：feed than pigs in FM-WPC during wk ] （phase 1）. Plasma insulin concentration of pigs in AA tended to be greater （P = 0.064） than that of FM-WPC at the end of wk 1 （phase 1）. Plasma concentrations of IgG in AA was lower （P 〈 0.05） compared with WPC-AA and FW, and FM-AA had lower （P 〈 0.05） IgG concentration than WPC-AA at the end of wk 1 （phase 1）. Concentration of acetate in cecum digesta in FM-AA tended to be greater （P = 0.054） than that of FM-WPC and WPC-AA. Concentration of isovalerate in cecum digesta of pigs in FM-AA was greater （P 〈 0.05） than that of FW and WPC-AA. Conclusions： This study indicates that use of 6 supplemental amino acids can replace fish meal and/or whey protein concentrate without adverse effects on growth performance, immune status, and gut health of pigs at d 21 to 49 of age. Positive response with the use of 6 supplemental amino acids in growth during the first week of post-weaning may due to increased plasma insulin potentially improving uptake of nutrients for protein synthesis and energy utilization. The replacement of fish meal and/or whey protein concentrate with 6 supplemental amino acids could decrease the

关键词： Amino acid Fish meal Growth performance Pig Whey protein concentrate

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