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Small-scale genotypic richness stabilizes plot biomass and increases phenotypic variance in the invasive grass Phalaris arundinacea

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 47-55页

作者： alexandra R.Collins Brian Beckage Jane Molofsky Division of Information Technology and Science Champlain College163 South WillardBurlingtonVermont05401USA Department of Plant Biology University of Vermont111 Jeffords Hall63 Carrigan DriveUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermont 05405USA

Aims We aim to understand how small-scale genotypic richness and gen-otypic interactions influence the biomass and potential invasiveness of the invasive grass,Phalaris arundinacea under two different dis-turbance treatments:intact plots and disturbed plots,where all the native vegetation has been ***,we address the following questions(i)Does genotypic richness increase biomass production?(ii)Do genotypic interactions promote or reduce bio-mass production?(iii)Does the effect of genotypic richness and gen-otypic interactions differ in different disturbance treatments?Finally(iv)Is phenotypic variation greater as genotypic richness increases?Methods We conducted a 2-year common garden experiment in which we manipulated genotype richness using eight genotypes planted under both intact and disturbed conditions in a wetland in Burlington,Vermont(44°27′23″N,73°11′29″W).The experiment consisted of a randomized complete block design of three blocks,each containing 20 plots(0.5 m2)per disturbed *** calculated total plot biomass and partitioned the net biodiversity effect into three com-ponents:dominance effect,trait-dependent complementarity and trait-independent *** calculated the phenotypic variance for each different genotype richness treatment under the two disturbance *** Findings Our results indicate that local genotypic richness does not increase total biomass production of the invasive grass *** in either intact or disturbed ***,genotypic interactions underlying the responses showed very different patterns in response to increasing genotypic *** the intact treatment,genotypic interactions resulted in the observed biomass being greater than the predicted biomass from monoculture plots(e.g.,overyielding)and this was driven by ***,facilitation was reduced as genotypic richness *** the disturbed treatment,genotypic interactions resulted in underyielding w

关键词： invasive grass genotypic diversity Phalaris arundinacea tripartite method phenotypic variance

Factors Influencing the Attitude to Mobile Payment Usage ——The Significance of Culture

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Factors Influencing the Attitude to Mobile Payment Usage —...

作者： alexandra Ochs 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

In recent years,the importance of mobile payment has risen across the globe,showcasing fast-growing profit and user *** payment describes all payments fulfilled by using internet-enabled equipment such as phones and has started primarily as a payment method for online purchases before developing into both online and physical *** penetration rates of mobile payment still differ significantly between markets *** China has been dubbed as a mobile payment nation with mobile payment being the preferred payment method,while many western countries such as Germany still lack behind in the development with cash being the primary payment *** from this development,there is a growing need to understand the factors influencing the usage behavior of *** on the topic of mobile payment acceptance often uses the TAM model from Davis as a ground work that was developed to explain information technology *** the TAM model,consisting of the independent variables perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness,and the two additional independent variables subjective norm and perceived security which have been introduced by other researcher,this paper tries to understand the moderating effect of the factor culture in the mobile payment usage *** do so,the paper utilizes the dependent variable attitude towards *** is a difficult concept to measure but is nevertheless one of the crucial factors when explaining a person's behavior as they are heavily influenced by the culture,they find themselves *** measurement model introduced for culture are Hofstede's *** dimensions of Collectivism and Uncertainty Avoidance are especially interesting to this thesis,that will be utilized when analyzing the moderating effect of *** a deductive approach,this paper utilizes data from a survey distributed in China and Germany to test the moderating *** survey contains measurement items introd

关键词： Mobile payment culture Hofstede's dimensions TAM model

Inhibition of IKK-NFκB pathway sensitizes lung cancer cell lines to radiation

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第3期14卷 293-301页

作者： Avgi Tsolou Maria Liousia Dimitra Kalamida Stamatia Pouliliou alexandra Giatromanolaki MichaelKoukourakis Department of Radiotherapy/Oncology Democritus University of Thrace and University General Hospital of AlexandroupolisAlexandroupolis 68100Greece Department of Pathology Democritus University of Thrace and University General Hospital of AlexandroupolisAlexandroupolis 68100Greece

Objective:Cancer cell radioresistance is a stumbling block in radiation *** activity in the nuclear factor kappa B(NFκB)pathway correlates with anti-apoptotic mechanisms and increased *** IKK complex plays a major role in NFκB activation upon numerous *** this study,we examined the interaction between ionizing radiation(IR)and different members of the IKK-NFκB pathway,as well as upstream activators,RAF1,ERK,and ***:The effect of 4 Gy of IR on the expression of the RAF1-ERK-IKK-NFκB pathway was examined in A549 and H1299 lung cancer cell lines using Western blot analysis and confocal *** examined changes in radiation sensitivity using gene silencing or pharmacological inhibitors of ERK and IKKβ.Results:IKKα,IKKγ,and IκBαincreased upon exposure to IR,thereby affecting nuclear levels of NFκB(phospho-p65).ERK inhibition or si RNA-mediated down-regulation of RAF1 suppressed the post-irradiation survival of the examined lung cancer cell lines.A similar effect was detected on survival upon silencing IKKα/IKKγor inhibiting IKKβ.Conclusions:Exposure of lung cancer cells to IR results in NFκB activation via *** genetic or pharmacological blockage of the RAF1-ERK-IKK-NFκB pathway sensitizes cells to therapeutic doses of ***,the IKK pathway is a promising target for therapeutic intervention in combination with radiotherapy.

关键词： IKK NFκB ionising radiation lung cancer radiosensitization

The Impact of Psychosocial Influences on Chronic Wound Healing

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Effects of grassland management, endophytic fungi and predators on aphid abundance in two distinct regions

Open Journal of Medical Psychology（医学心理学） 2024年第3期 39页

作者： Kelly Frasier Vivian Li Sara Christoforides Kathleen Daly alexandra Loperfito Karina Stech Milena Dragovic

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第5期7卷 490-498页

作者： Carmen Börschig alexandra-M.Klein Jochen Krauss Agroecology Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of GöttingenGrisebachstrasse 6D-37075 GöttingenGermany Ecosystem Functions Institute of EcologyUniversity of LüneburgScharnhorstrasse 1D-21335 LüneburgGermany Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology Institute of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacherstr.4D-79106 FreiburgGermany Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology University of WürzburgBiocentreAm HublandD-97074 WürzburgGermany

Aims Fungal endophytes of cool-season grass species produce alkaloids toxic to herbivores,affecting food webs in agricultural and natural *** studies about the effects of endophytes on herbi-vores are rare and show contradictory results,leading to uncertain conclusions about the nature of endophyte-grass *** asked whether the environmental contexts of local and regional scales and predation could modify the effects of endophytes on *** In a full factorial field experiment,we quantified the abundance of the aphid species Rhopalosiphum padi on the potted host grass Lolium perenne,which was either infected or uninfected with the endophytic fungus Neotyphodium *** were either excluded or had free access to the pots with the *** hun-dred and sixty grass pots were located in two regions on altogether 40 grassland sites,half of the sites intensively and half extensively *** tested the importance of endophyte infection,study region,management intensity of grasslands,predation and all two-way interactions on aphid *** Findings Endophyte infection reduced aphid abundance significantly in one study region *** both regions,we found that the impacts of aphidophagous predators and grassland management intensity on aphid abundance were substantially stronger and more consistent than that of endophytes on aphid *** excluding preda-tors and pots placed on extensive grasslands contained higher aphid *** impact of predators and management on aphid abundance were not modified by the *** conclude that the effect of endophytes on herbivores can be weak in field experi-ments and depends on environmental context at a regional ***,more field research efforts are necessary to detect the rela-tive importance of endophytes and the environmental context on biotic interactions in ecosystems.

关键词： bottom-up control microorganism multi-trophic interaction predator exclosure top-down control

Artificial intelligence as a noninvasive tool for pancreatic cancer prediction and diagnosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第12期29卷 1811-1823页

作者： alexandra Corina Faur Daniela Cornelia Lazar Laura Andreea Ghenciu Department of Anatomy and Embriology “Victor Babeș”University of Medicine and Pharmacy TimișoaraTimișoara 300041TimișRomania Department V of Internal Medicine I Discipline of Internal Medicine IVUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy“Victor Babes”TimișoaraTimișoara 300041TimișRomania DepartmentⅢ Discipline of Pathophysiology“Victor Babeș”University of Medicine and PharmacyTimișoara 300041TimișRomania

Pancreatic cancer(PC)has a low incidence rate but a high mortality,with patients often in the advanced stage of the disease at the time of the first *** detected,early neoplastic lesions are ideal for surgery,offering the best *** lesions of the pancreas include pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and mucinous cystic neoplasms,with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms being the most commonly *** study focused on predicting PC by identifying early signs using noninvasive techniques and artificial intelligence(AI).A systematic English literature search was conducted on the PubMed electronic database and other *** obtained a total of 97 studies on the subject of pancreatic *** final number of articles included in our study was 44,34 of which focused on the use of AI algorithms in the early diagnosis and prediction of pancreatic *** algorithms can facilitate diagnosis by analyzing massive amounts of data in a short period of *** can be made through AI algorithms by expanding image and electronic medical records databases,which can later be used as part of a screening program for the general ***-based screening models should involve a combination of biomarkers and medical and imaging data from different *** requires large numbers of resources,collaboration between medical practitioners,and investment in medical infrastructures.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Early pancreatic lesions Pancreatic neoplasia Artificial intelligence Deep learning Machine learning Radiomics Diagnosis Pancreas

Successful Luxury Branding in the Chinese Context

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Successful Luxury Branding in the Chinese Context

作者： alexandra Mary Mathou 复旦大学

学位级别：硕士

奢侈品品牌传播在过去要容易得多。商业活动因限于一国之内而减少了竞争,也正因此,消费者对品牌忠诚,并且易于划分。不过,这一切现在都改变了。奢侈品品牌面临高度竞争的国际化市场和眼光挑剔的顾客,他们对享乐与创造性有着独特的品味,... 详细信息

奢侈品品牌传播在过去要容易得多。商业活动因限于一国之内而减少了竞争,也正因此,消费者对品牌忠诚,并且易于划分。不过,这一切现在都改变了。奢侈品品牌面临高度竞争的国际化市场和眼光挑剔的顾客,他们对享乐与创造性有着独特的品味,这一点在中国尤其如此。中国市场对奢侈品品牌是不同寻常的。呈现在中国市场上的奢侈品多数是西方的品牌,因此必须设法将奢侈品的品牌认同与中国消费者的预期进行融合。这一点对于奢侈品品牌无异于一个巨大的挑战,因为中国消费者和中国的商业版图在1991年经济改革后的近三十年中已经发生了巨大变化。除此之外,应对当前严峻的经济状况、受政治影响深远的媒体环境以及执政党新的政策都是奢侈品品牌当下需要面对的问题。以上的问题带来明显的挑战,即品牌不得不在本土消费者需求与国际化间寻求一个平衡。此外,持续推陈出新与保持品牌固有的传统也是一对不得不权衡的矛盾。这些问题都令建构一个恰当的品牌认同变得复杂,本文旨在回答奢侈品品牌在维持品牌认同与拓展中国市场过程中所面临的问题。一系列采访用于评估当前中国市场的奢侈品状况,品牌营销状况,中国市场成功的品牌案例,以及中国未来奢侈品市场的预测。收集的数据采用了量化分析的方式。基于数据分析得出结论,奢侈品品牌侧重于品牌认同的部分侧面进行传播,例如传承。不过他们更倾向于向中国消费者传达能够产生联系,并对他们有足够吸引力的部分。不过由于数字时代的来临,在过去看起来行之有效的品牌营销方式在今天却可能拖后腿。同时,他们也采用不同的方式表现得独特,以达到吸引消费者和打击竞争对手的目的。尽管品牌力求独特,不过一些通用法则仍然被采用,例如让消费者产生梦想的联想。当前造成进退两难的原因主要在于对品牌传统的坚持与创新性与现代性的需求。奢侈品牌的成功最终取决于公众的认知与品牌形象,而这恰恰是品牌自身所无法左右的。不过只有通过有效的传播,品牌认同与品牌形象之间的割裂局面能够得到有效弥合。

关键词：奢侈品品牌化中国语境

Islam and Islamic Terrorism;The Role of Religious Ideologies in Radicalizing the Middle East

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Islam and Islamic Terrorism;The Role of Religious Ideologies...

作者： Myrna alexandra Atyah 山东大学

学位级别：硕士

This paper studies the relation between Islam as a religion and ideology on the one hand,and Islamic terrorism and the radicalization of the Middle East on the other *** purpose of this study is to examine the motivation and justification of Islamic terrorism which are provided by the Islamic terrorists themselves through their religious scripture and ideological texts and ***,the research expands to examine the role of that specific religious ideology in shaping the main common features,patterns,and characteristics of the majority of Islamic terrorist groups and *** research utilizes qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze relevant data from various fields and *** study of terrorism is an interdisciplinary one that benefits from the literature and research traditions in politics,sociology,psychology,philosophy,and religious studies amongst many other ***,my research attempts to engage in the basic discourse in those fields in a limited manner that focuses narrowly on the connection between the Islamic doctrine and Islamic terrorism within the geographical borders of the Middle East *** paper benefits from the analysis and evaluation of qualitative and quantitative data acquired from religious,historical,political,and sociological sources which enjoy a great deal of authenticity and credibility.

关键词： Terrorism Islamic terrorism Islamic doctrine Istamic Sharia Radicalization The Middle East Insecurity in The Middle East History of terrorism

Ultrafiltration for environmental safety in shellfish production: A case of bloom emergence

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Water Science and Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 46-53页

作者： Clemence Cordier alexandra Voulgaris Christophe Stavrakakis Patrick Sauvade Franz Coelho Philippe Moulin Aix-Marseille Universite M2P2 UMR 7340Equipe Procedes MembranairesLaboratoire de Mecanique Modelisation et Procedes PropresAix en Provence 13545France Plateforme Experimentale Mollusques Marins Station Ifremer de BouinPolder des ChampsBouin 85230France Suez-Aquasource Toulouse 31029France

The process of ultrafiltration(UF)of natural seawater often encounters the problems of variation in water quality and coastal *** validate the feasibility of UF in shellfish farms,this study compared the hydraulic performance and pollutant removal efficiency of the UF process with those of the commonly used treatments that combine several filtration steps with ultraviolet(UV)*** comparison was conducted in the cases of natural seawater and a coastal *** that the UF process encountered the specific type of pollution,this study evaluated the filtration performance of the UF process and the retention of total suspended solids(TSS),bacteria,phytoplankton,and zooplankton.A real coastal bloom was considered in the case study of an experimental shellfish hatchery/nursery in *** results show that both treatments were able to eliminate approximately 50%of ***,in contrast with UV treatment combined with filtration,the UF process retained total amounts of phytoplankton,zooplankton,and bacteria in the *** the hydraulic performance of the UF process was impacted by the coastal bloom,the fouling was eliminated through chemical cleaning conducted at a frequency less than once per 12 *** the severe pollution,this study confirmed the pollution resistance and treatment performance of the UF process,indicating that UF has the potential to enhance the biosecurity level.

关键词： Ultrafiltration Environmental safety Aquaculture Shellfish culture Coastal bloom