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Consensus on management of hepatitis C virus infection in resource-limited Ukraine and Commonwealth of Independent States regions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第29期25卷 3897-3919页

作者： Massimo Giuseppe Colombo Erkin Isakovich Musabaev Umed Yusupovich Ismailov Igor A Zaytsev alexander v nersesov Igor Anatoliyevich Anastasiy Igor Alexandrovich Karpov Olga A Golubovska Kulpash S Kaliaskarova Ravishankar AC Sanjay Hadigal Research and Clinical Center Department of Medicine Humanitas Hospital Rozzano 20089 MI Italy Research Institute of virology Scientific Research Institute of Virology Tashkent 100194 Uzbekistan Hepatoсenter Research Institute of Virology Scientific Research Institute of Virology Tashkent 100194 Uzbekistan Department of Therapy Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Bogomolets National Medical University Kyiv 01601 Ukraine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases Almaty 050000 Kazakhstan Department Infectious Diseases Bogomolets National Medical University Kyiv 01601 Ukraine Department Infectious Diseases Belarus State Medical University Minsk 220116 Belarus Hepatology Ministry of Health Astana 010000 Kazakhstan Medical Affairs Mylan Pharmaceuticals Private Limited Kadubeesanahalli Bengaluru 560103 India

Globally, 69.6 million individuals were infected with hepatitis C virus (HCv) infection in 2016. Of the six major HCv genotypes (GT), the most predominant one is GT1, worldwide. The prevalence of HCv in Central Asia, which includes most of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), has been estimated to be 5.8% of the total global burden. The predominant genotype in the CIS and Ukraine regions has been reported to be GT1, followed by GT3. Inadequate HCv epidemiological data, multiple socio-economic barriers, and the lack of regionspecific guidelines have impeded the optimal management of HCv infection in this region. In this regard, a panel of regional experts in the field of hepatology convened to discuss and provide recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment, and pre-, on-, and posttreatment assessment of chronic HCv infection and to ensure the optimal use of cost-effective antiviral regimens in the region. A comprehensive evaluation of the literature along with expert recommendations for the management of GT1-GT6 HCv infection with the antiviral agents available in the region has been provided in this review. This consensus document will help guide clinical decision-making during the management of HCv infection, further optimizing treatment outcomes in these regions.

关键词： Antiviral agents Commonwealth of Independent States Genotype Hepatitis C virus Sustained virologic response Ukraine

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Epidemiological Investigation of Fatty Liver Disease and Abnormal Liver Function in the Republic of Kazakhstan

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2019年第4期9卷 309-320页

作者： alexander v. nersesov Aigul M. Raissova Jamilya A. Kaibullayeva Almagul E. Jumabayeva Mariya S. Novitskaya Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases Almaty Kazakhstan Unit of Internal Diseases National Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases Almaty Kazakhstan

Aim: Little is known about the epidemiology of fatty liver disease (FLD) among high-risk primary care subjects in Kazakhstan. We investigated the prevalence of FLD (alcoholic liver disease [ALD] and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]) and abnormal liver function tests (LFTs) in high risk adults in Kazakhstan during their routine visit to the general practitioner. Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out at 75 clinical sites in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The full analysis set population consisted of 5109 subjects. Results: Among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects, established metabolic syndrome (MetS) and/or obese subjects, the prevalence of FLD was 30.8%. LFT abnormalities were found in 53.2% subjects with FLD and 40.0% without FLD. FLD subjects had significantly higher levels of alanine transaminase (ALT;p p p p = 0.021) compared to those without FLD. LFTs increases were significantly higher in subjects with FLD compared to those without FLD and were also significantly higher in ALD subjects compared to those with NAFLD. Conclusion: This study provides insights into the prevalence of FLD and abnormal LFTs in subjects with T2DM and/or established MetS and/or who are obese in primary care settings in Kazakhstan. These findings can help healthcare providers in Kazakhstan and elsewhere to better recognize and manage patients at risk of liver disease, which will improve clinical outcomes.

关键词： FLD Kazakhstan Liver NAFLD Prevalence

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Unveiling the atomic-scale transition between light harvesting and photoprotective states in plant photosynthesis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1375-1377页

作者： alexander v.Ruban School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

Non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching(NPQ) stands as a cornerstone in the realm of photosynthesis research, attracting generations of dedicated scientists in their quest to unravel its mysteries. This mechanism, crucial for safeguarding photosynthesis, plays a pivotal role in regulating light harvesting, particularly in oxygenic photosynthesis where the oxygen-evolving photosystem II (PSII)is susceptible to photodamage [1].

关键词： harvesting protective attracting

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Regulation of TRP-like muscarinic cation current in gastrointestinal smooth muscle with special reference to PLC/InsP3/Ca2+ system

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第7期27卷 833-842页

作者： alexander v ZHOLOS Department of Physiology Queen’s University Belfast UK

Acetylcholine,the main enteric excitatory neuromuscular transmitter,evokes mem-brane depolarization and contraction of gastrointestinal smooth muscle cells byactivating G protein-coupled muscarinic *** the cholinergic exci-tation is generally underlined by the multiplicity of ion channel effects,the pri-mary event appears to be the opening of cation-selective channels;among themthe 60 pS channel has been recently identified as the main target for the acetylcho-line action in gastrointestinal *** evoked cation current,termed mICAT,causes either an oscillatory or a more sustained membrane depolarization response,which in turn leads to increases of the open probability of voltage-gated Ca2+channels,thus providing Ca2+entry in parallel with Ca2+release for intracellularCa2+concentration rise and *** recent years there have been severalsignificant developments in our understanding of the signaling processes under-lying *** have revealed important synergistic interactionsbetween M2and M3receptor subtypes,single channel mechanisms,and the in-volvement of TRPC-encoded proteins as essential components of native musca-rinic cation *** review summarizes these recent findings and in par-ticular discusses the roles of the phospholipase C/InsP3/intracellular Ca2+releasesystem in the mICATphysiological regulation.

关键词： smooth muscle muscarinic receptor G protein phospholipase C InsP3 calcium TRP cation channel

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Ursodeoxycholic acid as a means of preventing atherosclerosis,steatosis and liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第10期27卷 959-975页

作者： Maria Nadinskaia Marina Maevskaya vladimir Ivashkin Khava Kodzoeva Irina Pirogova Evgeny Chesnokov alexander nersesov Jamilya Kaibullayeva Akzhan Konysbekova Aigul Raissova Feruza Khamrabaeva Elena Zueva Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases Gastroenterology and HepatologySechenov First Moscow State Medical University(Sechenov University)Moscow 119991Russia vasilenko Clinic of Internal Diseases Propedeutics Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Clinical Hospital№2Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University(Sechenov University)Moscow 119991Russia LLC MC“Lotus” Center for Gastroenterology and HepatologyChelyabinsk 454092Russia Department of Hospital Therapy with the Course of Endocrinology and Clinical Pharmacology Tyumen State Medical UniversityTyumen 625003Russia Department of Gastroenterology S.Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical UniversityAlmaty 050000Kazakhstan Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics Scientific and Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal DiseasesAlmaty 050000Kazakhstan Department of Internal Diseases Scientific and Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal DiseasesAlmaty 050000Kazakhstan Faculty of Therapy Tashkent Institute of Advanced Medical StudiesTashkent 100007Uzbekistan Department of Therapy№1 with Training General Practitioners Tashkent Medical AcademyTashkent 100109Uzbekistan

BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCvD)is the leading cause of mortality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Weight loss is a key factor for successful NAFLD and CvD *** acid(UDCA),which is one of the first-line therapeutic agents for treatment of NAFLD,is reported to have a beneficial effect on dyslipidemia and ASCvD risk because of antioxidant *** To evaluate the effects of 6 mo of UDCA treatment on hepatic function tests,lipid profile,hepatic steatosis and fibrosis,atherogenesis,and ASCvD risk in men and women with NAFLD,as well as to assess the impact of>5%weight reduction on these *** An open-label,multicenter,international noncomparative trial was carried out at primary health care settings and included 174 patients with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD who received 15 mg/kg/d UDCA for 6 mo and were prescribed lifestyle modification with diet and *** efficacy criteria were liver enzymes,lipid profile,fatty liver index(FLI),noninvasive liver fibrosis tests(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score and liver fibrosis index),carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT),and ASCvD risk *** test statistical hypotheses,the Wilcoxon test,paired t-test,Fisher’s exact test,and Pearson's chi-squared test were *** The alanine aminotransferase(ALT)level changed by-14.1 U/L(-31.0;-5.3)from baseline to 3 mo and by-6.5 U/L(-14.0;0.1)from 3 to 6 *** magnitude of ALT,aspartate transaminase,and glutamyltransferase decrease was greater during the first 3 mo of treatment compared to the subsequent 3 mo(Pvely).At 6 mo,in the total sample,we observed a statistically significant decrease in body weight and levels of FLI:84.9±10.4 vs 72.3±17.6,Pvs 5.76±1.21,Рvs 3.66±0.91,Рvs 2.04(1.40;3.16),Рver disease

关键词： Ursodeoxycholic acid Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Liver function tests Fatty liver index Carotid intima-media thickness Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

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On the Solution Accuracy Downstream of Shocks When Using Godunov-Type *** of Errors in One-Dimensional Problems

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第8期34卷 749-786页

作者： alexander v.Rodionov Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow125047Russia RFNC–All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Physics Sarov607188Russia

The article opens a series of publications devoted to a systematic study of numerical errors behind the shock wave when using high-order Godunov-type schemes,including in combination with the artificial viscosity *** proposed paper describes the numerical methods used in the study,and identifies the main factors affecting the accuracy of the solution for the case of one-dimensional gas dynamic *** physical interpretation of the identified factors is given and their influence on the grid convergence is analyzed.

关键词： Shock-capturing methods Riemann problem WENO reconstruction Runge-Kutta method Hancock-Rodionov method artificial viscosity approach Shu-Osher test problem

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Magnesium permeation through mechanosensitive channels:single-current measurements

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Cell Research 2006年第8期16卷 723-730页

作者： alexander v StanIschenko AnastasiyavSudarikova YuriANegulyaev ElenaAMorachevskaya Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of SciencesTikhoretskyAve.4St Petersburg 194064RussiaDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio7756-7703 Floyd Curl Drive San AntonioTX 78229.USA Institute of Cytology Russian Academv of SciencesTikhoretskyAve.4St Petersburg 194064Russia

Compelling evidence shows that intracellular flee magnesium [Mg2+]imay be a critical regulator of cell activity ***,membrane transport mechanisms mediating Mg2+influx in mammalian cells are poorly ***,we show that mechanosensitive(MS)cationic channels activated by stretch are permeable for Mg2+ions at differentextracellular concentrations including physiological ***-channel currents were recorded from cell-attached andinside-out patches on K562 leukaemia cells at various concentrations of MgCl2when Mg2+was the only available carrierof inward *** 2 mM Mg2+inward mechanogated currents representing Mg2+influx through MS channels cor-responded to the unitary conductance of about 5 *** higher Mg2+levels,only slight increase of single-channel currentsand conductance occurred,implying that Mg2+permeation through MS channels is characterized by strong *** 20 and 90 mM Mg2+mean conductance values for inward currents carried by Mg2+were rather similar,being equalto 6.8±0.5 and 6.4±0.5 pS,*** estimation of the channel-selective permeability according to constantfield equation is obviously limited due to saturation *** conclude that the detection of single currents is the mainevidence for Mg2+permeation through membrane channels activated by *** single-current measurements docu-ment Mg2+influx through MS channels in the plasma membrane of leukaemia cells.

关键词： magnesium single currents mechanosensitive channel human leukaemia cell

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Comparison of linear and nonlinear extreme wave statistics

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2016年第5期35卷 99-105页

作者： DMITRY Chalikov alexander v.Babanin Swinburne University of Technology Victoria 3122 Australia P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Saint-Petersburg 199053 Russia

An extremely large（＂freak＂） wave is a typical though rare phenomenon observed in the sea. Special theories（for example, the modulation instability theory） were developed to explain mechanics and appearance of freak waves as a result of nonlinear wave-wave interactions. In this paper, it is demonstrated that the freak wave appearance can be also explained by superposition of linear modes with the realistic spectrum. The integral probability of trough-to-crest waves is calculated by two methods： the first one is based on the results of the numerical simulation of a wave field evolution performed with one-dimensional and two-dimensional nonlinear *** second method is based on calculation of the same probability over the ensembles of wave fields constructed as a superposition of linear waves with random phases and the spectrum similar to that used in the nonlinear simulations. It is shown that the integral probabilities for nonlinear and linear cases are of the same order of values

关键词： freak waves numerical modeling probability of linear and nonlinear waves ensemble modeling

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vegetation cover of the lahar valley on the Sarychev Peak volcano(Matua Isl.,Middle Kuril Islands) after the Eruption in 2009: current state and features of succession processes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第7期18卷 1762-1777页

作者： Fedor A.ROMANYUK alexander v.KORDYUKOv Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics Far East Branch Russian Academy of Sciences693022Yuzhno-SakhalinskNauki Street1bSakhalin regionRussia

The paper presents the study of the vegetation recovery after the descent of the lahar during the eruption of the Sarychev Peak volcano(Matua Isl.,Middle Kuriles) in *** works were carried out in *** was found that during the secondary succession,plant communities,typical of the altitudinal zonation of the volcanic structure vegetation,are formed on lahar sediments in the following manner: the upper sections of the slope are occupied by sparse meadow and shrub vegetation,the middle are presented by shrub belt with a developed canopy,and the lower are representative of shrub large-grass *** the same time,the ordination analysis of the vegetation cover of the lahar valley by the detrended correspondence analysis(DCA) revealed the dispersion of the counting areas along the altitudinal *** is opposite to that characteristic for both,the background communities on the slopes of the studied volcanic structure,and for communities in dynamical equilibrium of a typical altitude ***,directly correlating indicators of α-diversity of communities indicate the presence of open young communities at the stage of a complex *** the species Duschekia fruticosa which is an identifier in buried sites,forms communities in a state of dynamic equilibrium,with individuals of 40–50 years old,and at the time of the work,formed a canopy with individuals of 7–8 years old,a complete recovery of the communities of the lahar valley is possible in no less than 40 *** acquired data on the recovery of vegetation on lahar contribute to the study of succession processes in the sites located in the zone of active *** addition,in this work,for the first time,the rates of restoration of the vegetation cover following its destruction as a result of burial by lahar products,are *** specific features of this process are also *** the broad range of mathematical methods for quantitative analysis of indicators of young commun

关键词： Sarychev Peak volcano Lahar Plant communities Secondary succession Indirect ordination Correlation analysis Shannon-Weaver index of biodiversity Simpson S dominance

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Influence of Pt/Pd state on ceria-based support in CO oxidation

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第12期41卷 1963-1968,I0005页

作者： Igor v.Zagaynov Elena Yu.Liberman alexander v.Naumkin A.A.Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science MoscowRussia D.I.Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia MoscowRussia A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds MoscowRussia

Noble metal(M:Pt,Pd,PtPd) supported on ceria system catalysts were *** oxidized and reduced forms of the active component were examined in CO *** catalysts become more active after a reduction pretreatment,which shifts the temperature of CO *** of the data obtained from characterization techniques indicates that the strong interaction of metal ions with the support prevent the reduction of the initial MO_(x)to metallic *** formation of M-ceria interfaces efficiently boosts the oxygen activation during CO oxidation,leading to the formation of chemisorbed O on M and the regeneration of the ceria lattice oxygen,thus greatly improving the catalytic performance.

关键词： Ceria Platinum Palladium CO oxidation Rare earths

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