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Phylogenetic definitions for 25 higher-level clade names of birds

Avian Research 2022年第2期13卷 109-126页

作者： George Sangster Edward L.Braun Ulf S.Johansson Rebecca T.Kimball Gerald Mayr alexander suh Naturalis Biodiversity Center Darwinweg 2PO Box 95172300RALeidenthe Netherlands Department of Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32607USA Department of Zoology Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryP.O.Box 50007SE–10405StockholmSweden Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Ornithological SectionSenckenberganlage 2560325Frankfurt am MainGermany School of Biological Sciences University of East AngliaNorwichNR47TUUK

Knowledge of the higher-level phylogenetic relationships of birds has grown substantially during the past two decades due to the application of genomic ***,the nomenclature of higher-level taxa has not become more stable,due to the lack of regulation of taxon names above the level of superfamily by the ICZN,and the usage of rank-based nomenclature,which is not tied to clades in a *** of regulation and the instability of rank-based nomenclature impede effective communication among *** review support for higher-level avian clades using a set of 10 phylogenomic data sets,and identify clades that are supported by congruency of at least four of *** provide formal definitions of the names of these clades based on the rules of the recently published *** names of 25 clades are here defined using minimum-crown-clade(n=23),minimum-clade(n=1)and maximum-crown-clade(n=1)*** new names are introduced here:Dinocrypturi,Pteroclimesites,Musophagotides,Phaethoquornithes and *** also review diagnostic apomorphies of the relevant clades,and identify known synonyms and *** establishing a formal link between higher-level taxon names and well-supported phylogenetic hypotheses,our phylogenetic definitions will provide a solid basis for the stabilization of avian higher-level nomenclature.

关键词： Aves Congruence PhyloCode Phylogenetic nomenclature Phylogenomics Rankless taxonomy

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Discrete-Time Langevin Motion in a Gibbs Potential

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第12期3卷 2032-2037页

作者： Reza Rastegar alexander Roitershtein Vadim Roytershteyn Jiyeon suh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego San Diego USA Department of Mathematics Grand Valley State University Allendale USA Department of Mathematics Iowa State University Ames USA

We consider a multivariate Langevin equation in discrete time, driven by a force induced by certain Gibbs’states. The main goal of the paper is to study the asymptotic behavior of a random walk with stationary increments (which are interpreted as discrete-time speed terms) satisfying the Langevin equation. We observe that (stable) functional limit theorems and laws of iterated logarithm for regular random walks with i.i.d. heavy-tailed increments can be carried over to the motion of the Langevin particle.

关键词： Langevin Equation Dynamics of a Moving Particle Multivariate Regular Variation Chains with Complete Connections

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Bulk geochemistry,Rb-Sr,Sm-Nd,and stable O-H isotope systematics of the Metzimevin high-grade iron ore deposit,Mbalam iron ore district,southern Cameroon

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第4期43卷 677-706页

作者： Samndong Cyril Tufoin Cheo Emmanuel suh Tabod Charles Tabod George Lemewihbwen Ngiamte Department of Geology Mining and Environmental ScienceThe University of BamendaB.P.39BambiliNorth West RegionCameroon Economic Geology Unit Department of GeologyUniversity of BueaP.O.63BueaSouth West RegionCameroon Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceThe University of BamendaB.P.39BambiliNorth West RegionCameroon Department of Geology Pan-African University Life and Earth Sciences Institute(PAULESI)University of IbadanIbadanNigeria

Bulk geochemistry,Sr,Nd,and O-H isotope systematics are reported for the first time on banded iron formation(BIF)-hosted high-grade iron ore at the northwestern segment of Congo Craton(CC).Located in Mbalam iron ore district,Southern Cameroon,Metzimevin iron ore deposit is a hematite-magnetite BIF system,dominated by SiO_(2)+Fe_(2)O_(3)(97.1 to 99.84 wt%),with low concentrations of clastic elements e.g.,Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and HFSE,depicting a nearly pure chemical *** REE+Y signature of the iron deposit displays strong positive Eu anomaly,strong negative Ce anomaly,and chondritic to superchondritic Y/Ho ratios,suggestive of formation by mixed seawater-high temperature hydrothermal fluids in oxidising ***^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios of the BIF are higher than the maximum^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr evolution curves for all Archean reservoirs(bulk silicate earth,Archean crust and Archean seawater),indicating involvement of continentally-derived components during BIF formation and ***Ɛ_(Nd)(t)(+2.26 to+3.77)and Nd model age indicate that chemical constituents for the BIF were derived from undifferentiated crustal source,between 3.002 and 2.88 *** variable and diverse O and H isotope data(−1.9‰to 17.3‰and−57‰to 136‰respectively)indicate that the Metzimevin iron ore formed initially from magmatic plumes and later enriched by magmatic-metamorphic-modified meteoric *** balance calculations indicate mineralisation by combined leaching and precipitation,with an average iron enrichment factor of>2.67 and SiO_(2)depletion factor of>*** is associated with an overall volume reduction of 28.27%,reflecting net leaching and volume collapse of the BIF protholith.

关键词： Bulk geochemistry Rb-Sr Sm-Nd Mitzimevin High-grade iron ore

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NOTE ON THE OCCURRENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF DEFICIENCY OF THE SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1934年第2期048卷 138-141页

作者： LEO alexander T. H. suh Division of Neurology Peiping Union Medical College Peiping China M.D.

Deficiency of the septum pellucidum has been reported by a number of observers. Ernst (1909) describes absence of the septum pellucidum in different cases of arhinencephaly and aplasia of the corpus callosum, and thinning and sieve-like perforation of the septum in hydrocephalus. Dandy and Blackfan (1914) found the septum pellucidum already absent a month after operation in all their cases of hydrocephalus produced experimentally in young dogs between 2 and 6 months of age. In his alticle on the treatment of hydrocephalus Dandy (1921) gives a figure

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Zircon chemistry and new laser ablation U–Pb ages for uraniferous granitoids in SW Cameroon

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Acta Geochimica 2020年第1期39卷 43-66页

作者： V.F.Embui C.E.suh J.M.Cottle J.Etame J.Mendes C.M.Agyingi A.Vishiti E.M.Shemang B.Lehmann Department of Geology University of BueaP.O.Box 63BueaSouth West RegionCameroon Ore Treatment Laboratory Institute of Geological and Mining Research(IRGM)P.O.Box 4110YaoundeNlongkakCameroon Department of Geology Mining and Environmental ScienceUniversity of BamendaP.O.Box 39BambiliCameroon Department of Earth Sciences and Earth Research Institute Webb Hall 2028University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106-9630USA Laboratory of Geosciences Natural resources and Environment Department of Earth SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of DoualaP.O.Box 24157DoualaCameroon Department of Civil Engineering University Institute of TechnologyUniversity of DoualaP.O.Box 8698DoualaCameroon Departamento de Geologia IGEOUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroCidade UniversitariaRio de Janeiro 21910-949Brazil Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Botswana International University of Science and TechnologyPrivate Bag 16PalapyeBotswana Mineral Resources Technical University of ClausthalClausihal-ZellerfeldGermany

The Ekomedion two-mica granite,southwestern Cameroon,has potential for uranium and molybdenum ***,we present LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages,Lu-Hf isotope characteristics,trace element concentrations and Ti-geothermometry of zircon from this granite hosting U-Mo mineralization in pegmatitic *** majority of zircon are CL-dark though some CL-bright cores were also identified.U-Pb zircon age data range from 121±3 to743±11 Ma with only 5 of 34 ages being near *** concordant mean age of 603±12 Ma is similar to ages of granitic intrusions along the Central African Shear Zone in *** ages with mean of261±6 Ma reveal open system behavior with respect to Pb and/or *** e Hfi values range from-20.3 *** implies that U-Mo was remobilized during partial melting of the surrounding *** Th/U>0.1 as well as an increasing Hf with decreasing Th/U indicates that fractional crystallization was the main factor that controlled U-Mo mineralization in pegmatitic pods.Y and Y/Ho ratios cluster from 29 to 33 close to the chondritic ratio of 28 and indicate fractionation of Y and Ho with low F contents during the earliest stages of *** stage accumulation of F-rich magmatic-hydrothermal fluids impacted U-Mo mineralization as a *** contains a prominent negative Eu anomaly pointing to a fractionating system rich in *** Ti-in-zircon temperatures span 672℃to1232℃with the temperatures at the high end reflecting interference from mineral inclusions in the zircon grains while the lower temperature values are linked to crystallization.

关键词： Zircons Uranium-molybdenum Cameroon

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