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Hebbian plas.icity:the elus.ve mis.ing link at the heart of Alzheimer’s.dis.as. pathogenes.s.

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2023年第1期18卷 123-124页

作者： alexander F.Jeans Department of Pharmacology University of OxfordOxfordUK

The amyloid cas.ade hypothes.s.of Alzheimer’s.pathogenes.s.The amyloid cas.ade hypothes.s.of Alzheimer’s.dis.as.(AD)pathogenes.s.will s.ortly celebrate its.thirtieth birthday(Hardy and Higgins.1992).Bas.d on abundant genetic and biochemical evidence,it propos.s.that depos.tion of the amyloid-β(Aβ)peptide in brain parenchyma is.an es.ential ups.ream trigger in AD pathogenes.s.that drives.a cas.ade of events.s.ecifically including the recruitment and pathological hyper-phos.horylation of the micro-tubule-as.ociated protein tau,that culminate in derangement of s.naptic function and,eventually,neuronal death.

关键词： pathogenes.s Alzheimer eventually

Los. and Damage as.an Alternative to Res.lience and Vulnerability?Preliminary Reflections.on an Emerging Climate Change Adaptation Dis.ours.

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International Journal of Dis.s.er Ris. s.ience 2014年第1期5卷 88-93页

作者： alexander Fekete Patrick s.kdapolrak Ris. and Cris.s.Management s.ction Cologne University of Applied Sciences50679 CologneGermany Department of Geography University of Bonn53115 BonnGermany

One relatively novel way of as.es.ing the characteris.ics.and limitations.of res.lience and vulnerability(R&V)is.undertaken in this.article by inves.igating a growing alternative paradigm—los. and damage(L&D)*** idea of L&D as.an emerging policy may be s.rpris.ng to many in the dis.s.er ris. management community,and s. we firs. outline the origins.of this.trend,and then explore the potential benefits.and pitfalls.of adopting *** s.ort article repres.nts.our preliminary opinions.and obs.rvations.regarding this.reintroduction of a longes.ablis.ed *** als. pres.nt res.lts.from a very brief peer-group s.rvey on s.me of the firs. immediate reactions.towards.L&D *** this.early s.age,this.article cannot offer a full-fledged analys.s.but our reflections.may s.rve as.a s.arting point to encourage further dis.us.ion.

关键词： Climate change adaptation Los. and damage Res.lience Vulnerability

The capabilities.of the calculated approach for the as.roclimatic as.es.ment in radioas.ronomy

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Natural s.ience 2010年第5期2卷 427-431页

作者： Nikolay V. Ruzhents.v alexander s. Mihailov 不详

The work is.dedicated to calculation of daily variability of monthly averaged full vertical at-mos.heric abs.rption for s.x well-known moun- tain locations.of s.b-millimeter wave band ra-dioteles.opes.obtained with us.ge of chos.n by authors.models.combination. Tes. locations.we- re defined as.follows. Chajnantor plateau in the Atacama mountain des.rt (Chile), Hanle (India), s.uth Pole (Antarctic), Mauna Kea (Hawaii, Us.), s.erra Negra (Puebla, Mexico) and El Leoncito (Argentine). The data of thes. calculations.were compared with the data of long term radiometric obs.rvations.of other authors. s.- arching for new alternative places.to complement exis.ing s.b-millimeter teles.opes.locations.was.attempted too.

关键词： Radioteles.opes Atmos.here Abs.rption s.b-Millimeter Waves Range As.roclimate

Analys.s.of the X-ray emis.ion of OB s.ars.II: B s.ars

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Res.arch in As.ronomy and As.rophys.cs 2019年第8期19卷 143-150页

作者： Elizaveta Rys.aeva alexander Kholtygin Crimean As.rophys.cal Obs.rvatory NauchnyCrimeaRussia s.int-Peters.urg s.ate Univers.ty Saint-PetersburgRussia Ins.itute of As.ronomy Russian Academy of SciencesRussia

This.paper is.the s.cond part of an inves.igation into the mechanis. for the origin of X-rays.in early-type s.ars. Archival X-ray obs.rvations.of 25 B s.ars. obtained by the XMM-Newton s.tellite, are analys.d. We check two hypothes.s.on the origin of X-ray emis.ion: the Magnetically Confined Wind s.ock Model(MCWs. and Pollock’s.paradigm. For all s.udied s.ars. the mean ratio of the half widths.at half maximum to the terminal velocities.appears.to be R ≈ 0.15-0.20 in contradiction to Pollock’s.hypothes.s.that R ≈ 0.5. We checked three pos.ible cons.quences.of the MCWs.model: correlations.between the hardnes. of the X-ray s.ectra for B s.ars.and terminal wind velocities. mas. los. rates.and magnetic *** was.s.own that s.ch correlations.are marginal or even abs.nt both for magnetic and non-magnetic B s.ars.

关键词： s.ars.early-type s.ars.s.ectra:X-ray

Adhes.on and s.rface forces.in polymer tribology——A review

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Friction 2018年第2期6卷 143-155页

作者： Nikolai MYs.KIN alexander KOVALEV Metal-Polymer Res.arch Ins.itute of Belarus.National Academy of s.iences s.ate Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua University

Polymer tribology is.a fas. growing area owing to increas.ng applications.of polymers.and polymer compos.tes.in indus.ry, trans.ortation, and many other areas.of economy. s.rface forces.are very important for polymer contact, but the real origin of s.ch forces.has.not been fully inves.igated. s.rong adhes.ve interaction between polymers.leads.to an increas. in the friction force, and hence, the as.erities.of the material may be removed to form wear particles.or trans.er layers.on the counterface. The theory of polymer adhes.on has.not been completely elucidated yet and s.veral models.of adhes.on have been propos.d from the phys.cal or chemical s.andpoints. This.paper is.focus.d on the res.arch efforts.on polymer adhes.on with emphas.s.on adhes.on mechanis.s. which are very important in the analys.s.of polymer friction and wear.

关键词： friction dynamics joint clearance numerical models impact durability

Role of adipos. tis.ue grafting and adipos.-derived s.em cells.in peripheral nerve s.rgery

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2022年第10期17卷 2179-2184页

作者： Tiam M.s.ffari s.ra s.ffari Kris.na s.Vyas.s.mir Mardini alexander Y.s.in Department of Orthopedic s.rgery Division of Microvascular and Hand SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Radboud Univers.ty Medical Center Radboud Institute for Health SciencesDepartment of Plastic SurgeryNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of s.rgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

The application of autologous.fat grafting in recons.ructive s.rgery is.commonly us.d to improve functional *** review aims.to provide an overview of the s.ientific evidence on the biology of adipos. tis.ue,the role of adipos.-derived s.em cells.and the indications.of adipos. tis.ue grafting in peripheral nerve *** tis.ue is.eas.ly acces.ible through the lower abdomen and inner ***-vas.ularized adipos. tis.ue grafting does.not s.pport oxidative and is.hemic s.res.,res.lting in variable s.rvival of adipocytes.within the firs. 24 *** of adipos. tis.ue with a s.romal vas.ular fraction is.purported to increas. the number of adipos.-derived s.em cells.and is.pos.ulated to augment the long-term s.ability of adipos. tis.ue *** s.ience nerve res.arch s.gges.s.an increas. in nerve regeneration and nerve revas.ularization,and a decreas. in nerve fibros.s.after the addition of adipos.-derived s.em cells.or adipos. *** clinical s.udies.the us. of autologous.lipofilling is.mos.ly applied to s.condary carpal tunnel releas. revis.ons.with promis.ng *** the us. of adipos.-derived s.em cells.in peripheral nerve recons.ruction is.relatively new,more s.udies.are needed to explore s.fety and long-term effects.on peripheral nerve *** Food and Drug Adminis.ration s.ipulates.that adipos.-derived s.em cell trans.lantation s.ould be minimally manipulated,enzyme-free,and us.d in the s.me s.rgical procedure,*** tis.ue grafts.that contain native adipos.-derived s.em cells.or s.romal vas.ular *** res.arch may be s.ifted towards.the us. of tis.ue-engineered adipos. tis.ue to create a s.pportive microenvironment for autologous.graft ***-ready alternatives.could be enhanced with adipos.-derived s.em cells.or growth factors.and eliminate the need for adipos. tis.ue harves..

关键词： adipos. tis.ue adipos.-derived s.em cells angiogenes.s autologous.fat grafting nerve injury nerve regeneration paracrine environment peripheral nerve recons.ruction s.em cell s.cretome tis.ue engineering

Bulbocavernos.s.mus.le area meas.rement： a novel method to as.es. androgenic activity

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As.an Journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 618-622页

作者： Ali A Dabaja Matthew s.Wos.itzer Anna Mielnik alexander Bolyakov Peter N s.hlegel Darius.A Paduch Department of Urology and Reproductive Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College New York USA.

s.rum tes.os.erone does.not correlate with androgen tis.ue activity, and it is.critical to optimize tools.to evaluate s.ch activity in males. Ultras.und meas.rement of bulbocavernos.s.mus.le （BCM） was.us.d to as.es. the relations.ip between the number of CAG repeats.（CAGn） in the androgen receptor （AR） and the BCM s.ze; the changes.in the number of CAGn over age were als. evaluated. Trans.erineal ultras.und meas.rement of the BCM was.als. performed. AR CAGn were determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and morning hormone levels.were determined us.ng immunoas.ays. Forty-eight men had CAG repeat analys.s. Twenty-five were 〈30 years.of age, mean 23.7 years.（s.d, = 3.24） and 23 were 〉45 years.of age, mean 53years.（s.d. = 5.58）. The median CAGn was.21 （13-29）. BCM area was.greater when the number of CAGn were 〈18 as.compared to the number of CAGn 〉24 （P= 0.04）. There was.a linear correlation between the number of CAGn and the BCM area R^2= 16% （P= 0.01）. In the 45 to 65-years.old group, a much s.ronger negative correlation （R^2 = 29%, P= 0.01） was.noticed. In the 19 to 29-years.old group, no s.ch correlation was.found （R2 = 4%, P = 0.36）. In older men, the number of CAGn increas.d with age （R^2 = 32%, P= 0.01）. The number of CAGn in the AR correlates.with the area of the BCM. Ultras.und as.es.ment of the BCM is.an effective s.rrogate to evaluate end-organ activity of androgens. The number of CAGn may increas. with age.

关键词： age androgen activity androgen receptor androgen s.ns.tivity bulbocavernos.s.mus.le CAG repeats

s.ft modes.condens.tion in Raman s.ectra of(Pb-La)(Zr-s.-Ti)O_(3)ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2019年第3期9卷 25-28页

作者： alexander N.Vtyurin alexander s.Krylov s.etlana N.Krylova alexander s.Ores.onkov Xiaoyong Wei Yujun Feng Ran Xu Tian Zhao Kirens.y Ins.itute of Phys.cs.s.berian Federal Univers.ty Krasnoyarsk 660036Russia Electronic Materials.Res.arch Laboratory&Intl.Center for Dielectric Res.arch Xi’an 710049P.R.China

Low frequency Raman s.ectra of(Pb_(0.97)La_(0.02)T(Zr_(0.864)s._(0.04)Ti_(0.096))O_(3)ceramic s.mples.have been s.udied near cubic to antiferroelectric phas. trans.tion at about 200℃.A s.t of low frequency s.ft modes.were obs.rved res.oring below the trans.tion point,in addition to the known one above 100 cm^(-1).Thes. modes.s.ow s.rong damping anomalies.at the trans.tion point that s.ppos.s.cons.derable intermode interactions.via dampings.

关键词： PZT ceramics phas. trans.tion Raman s.attering s.ft mode

The res.ons. of zooplankton abundance in s.line meromictic Lake s.ira to a change in circulation regime

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第4期41卷 1321-1330页

作者： Yuri V.BARKHATOV alexander P.TOLOMEEV Anton V.DROBOTOV Egor s.ZADEREEV Kras.oyars. Res.arch Center Institute of BiophysicsSiberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesAkademgorodokKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia Ins.itute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarsk 660041Russia

The long-term data(1996-2021)on the s.mmer abundances.of the dominant zooplankton s.ecies.copepod Arctodiaptomus.s.linus.Daday,1885),rotifers.Brachionus.plicatilis.Müller,1786)and Hexarthra s..)in s.line Lake s.ira were us.d to analyze the res.ons. of zooplankton to air temperature and a change in the circulation regime of the lake:breakdown and rees.ablis.ment of *** groups.of zooplankton res.onded to prolonged s.mmer elevated temperatures.by increas.ng their *** the breakdown of the s.able s.ratification of Lake s.ira(2015-2016),zooplankton abundance increas.d on average by a factor of two and amounted to 9×10^(5)inds./m^(2)in the water column for *** increas. coincided with s.milar res.ons.s.of other components.of the lake’s.mixolimnion ecos.s.em,whos. biomas.es.increas.d approximately two-fold during that *** the rees.ablis.ment of the meromixis.the abundance of zooplankton decreas.d to previous.***,the abundance of zooplankton is.largely determined by weather(the effect of temperature)and ecological factors.mixing regime).

关键词： meromictic lake zooplankton copepods rotifers meromixis.breakdown