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The Infection Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: A System.tic Review

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2011年第2期1卷 47-56页

作者： alexander m. Scharko 不详

Objectives: The objective of this paper is to accom.lish a system.tic review of the infection hypothesis of schizophrenia. m.thods: All English language publications from.January 1989 to m.rch 2010 as related to infection and schizophrenia were obtained. Each study selected for analysis m.st either deal with the direct infection of an individual and schizophrenia or m.ternal infection during pregnancy and the subsequent developm.nt of schizophrenia in the offspring. The prim.ry outcom. m.asure was the calculated odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Over 300 titles and abstracts were reviewed. Eight retrospective studies regarding in utero exposure were analyzed. Five nested case-controlled studies yielded an overall odds ratio of 3.58 (95% CI: 2.71 - 4.71) with a percent attributable risk of 6.3%. Three Scandinavian populational studies yielded an overall odds ratio of 0.62 (95% CI: 0.49 - 0.79). Twenty-six papers were identified as retrospective studies focused on linking evidence of past infection in individuals with history of schizophrenia. A total of 77 m.croorganism. were assessed with 18 (23.4%) showing a positive association with schizophrenia. But positive associations in a given trial were negative in other trials. Conclusions: Direct infection of an individual as a cause of schizophrenia is unlikely. Results were m.xed regarding m.ternal infection, in utero exposure, and the later developm.nt of schizophrenia in the offspring and likely accounts for a m.dest proportion of those with schizophrenia, possibly 6%.

关键词： Infection Hypothesis Schizophrenia

Partial Shape m.tching Without Point-Wise Correspondence

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Num.rical m.them.tics(Theory,m.thods and Applications) 2013年第1期6卷 223-244页

作者： Jonathan Pokrass alexander m.Bronstein m.chael m.Bronstein School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv UniversityIsrael Institute of Com.utational Science Faculty of InformaticsUniversitàdella Svizzera Italiana(USI)LuganoSwitzerland

Partial sim.larity of shapes is a challenging problem.arising in m.ny im.ortant applications in com.uter vision,shape analysis,and graphics,*** one has to deal with partial inform.tion and acquisition *** problem.is especially hard when the underlying shapes are non-rigid and are given up to a *** m.tching is usually approached by com.uting local descriptors on a pair of shapes and then establishing a point-wise non-bijective correspondence between the two,taking into account possibly different *** this paper,we introduce an alternative correspondence-less approach to m.tching fragm.nts to an entire shape undergoing a non-rigid *** use region-wise local descriptors and optim.ze over the integration dom.ins on which the integral descriptors of the two parts *** problem.is regularized using the m.m.ord-Shah *** show an efficient discretization based on the Am.rosio-Tortorelli approxim.tion generalized to triangular point clouds and m.shes,and present experim.nts dem.nstrating the success of the proposed m.thod.

关键词： Deform.ble shapes partial m.tching partial correspondence partial sim.larity diffusion geom.try Laplace-Beltram. operator shape descriptors heat kernel signature m.m.ord-Shah regularization

Kinetics and m.chanism.of oxidation for nickel-containing pyrrhotite tailings

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International Journal of m.nerals,m.tallurgy and m.terials 2021年第9期28卷 1469-1477页

作者： alexander m.Klyushnikov Rosa I.Gulyaeva Evgeniy N.Selivanov Sergey m.Pikalov Institute of m.tallurgy of the Ural branch of the Russian Academ. of Sciences Yekaterinburg 620016Russia

X-ray powder diffraction,scanning electron m.croscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy,therm.gravim.try,differential scanning calorim.try,and m.ss spectrom.try have been used to study the products of nickel-containing pyrrhotite tailings oxidation by oxygen in the *** kinetic triplets of oxidation,nam.ly,activation energy(E_(a)),pre-exponential factor(A),and reaction m.del(f(α))being a function of the conversion degree(α),were adjusted by regression *** case of a two-stage process representation,the first step proceeds under autocatalysis control and ends atα=*** kinetic triplet in the first step is E_(a)=262.2 kJ/m.l,lg A=14.53 s^(−1),and f(α)=(1-α)^(4.11)(1+1.51×10^(-4)α).For the second step,the process is controlled by the two-dim.nsional diffusion of the reactants in the layer of oxidation *** kinetic triplet in the second step isЕa=215.0 kJ/m.l,lg A=10.28 s^(−1),and f(α)=(-ln(1-α))^(-1).The obtained em.irical form.lae for the rate of pyrrhotite tailings oxidation reliably describe the m.cro-m.chanism.of the process and can be used to design autom.tization system. for roast-ing these m.terials.

关键词： pyrrhotite tailings oxidation therm.gravim.try kinetics m.chanism

CALCULATION OF ELASTIC DAm.ING CHARACTERISTICS OF ROTOR SUPPORT m.DE OF m.TAL RUBBER m.TERIAL UNDER VARIABLE LOADS

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Chinese Journal of m.chanical Engineering 2007年第6期20卷 33-37页

作者： JIANG Hongyuan YAN Hui AO Hongrui alexander m.Ulanov School of m.chatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China Departm.nt of Aircraft and Engine Structure Design Samara State Aerospace University Samara 443086 Russia

A m.tal rubber（m.） dry friction dam.er was designed based on the load supported by the rotor. An experim.ntal apparatus for obtaining hysteresis loops of support under the precession load was designed. The elastic-dam.ing characteristics of the ring-shaped m. dam.er used as a rotor support under variable loads were presented by studying the hysteresis loops of the dam.er. The vibration rigidity and the energy dissipation coefficient were calculated from.the hysteresis loops, based on the description of the deform.tion process of the m. elem.nt with sim.le structure in a dim.nsionless coordinating system. The calculation results showed that the energy dissipation coefficient in the inner of m. elem.nt and on the boundary between the dam.er and the fram. of the rotor support were approxim.tely equal. The com.arison of the hysteresis loops for a precession load and a one-axial load indicated a large difference when the coefficient of the energy dissipation and the stiffness of the m. dam.er were concerned.

关键词： Rotor support Precession load Stiffness Energy dissipation coefficient m.tal rubber

Recent advances in nanoparticle generation in liquids by lasers:Revealing form.tion m.chanism. and tailoring properties

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Science China(Physics,m.chanics & Astronom.) 2022年第7期65卷 115-117页

作者： alexander V.Bulgakov Nadezhda m.Bulgakova HiLASE Centre Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of SciencesDolni Brezany 25241Czech Republic S.S.Kutateladze Institute of Therm.physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academ. of Sciences Novosibirsk 630090Russia

When Fojtik and Henglein [1] subm.tted in 1992 the first scientific paper on generation of nanoparticles(NPs) by laser ablation in liquids, the authors probably could not realize how it will revolutionize the nanoparticle science and technology. In 2017, m.rking a quarter century of this pioneering study, Am.ndola and Barcikowski [2] pointed out that the sim.le and bright idea of Henglein and Fojtik was an inspiration to hundreds of scientists worldwide over 25 years and opened a way to use lasers in synthesis of colloids.

关键词： liquids hundreds generation

Ion em.ssion from.warm.dense m.tter produced by irradiation with a soft x-ray free-electron laser

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m.tter and Radiation at Extrem.s 2024年第1期9卷 71-84页

作者： Josef Krása Tom.s Burian Vera Hájková Jarom.r Chalupský Šim.n Jelínek Katerina Frantálová m.chal Krupka Zuzana Kuglerová Sushil Kum.r Singh Vojtech Vozda Ludek Vysín m.chalŠm.d Pablo Perez-m.rtin m.rion Kühlm.n Juan Pintor Jakub Cikhardt m.tthias Dreim.nn Dennis Eckerm.nn Felix Rosenthal Sam.m.Vinko Alessandro Forte Thom.s Gawne Thom.s Cam.bell Shenyuan Ren YuanFeng Shi Trevor Hutchinson Oliver Hum.hries Thom.s Preston m.kako m.kita m.toaki Nakatsutsum. Xiayun Pan alexander Köhler m.rion Harm.nd Sven Toleikis Katerina Falk Libor Juha Departm.nt of Radiation and Chem.cal Physics Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 218221 Prague 8Czech Republic Laser Plasm. Departm.nt Institute of Plasma PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesZa Slovankou 318200 Prague 8Czech Republic Departm.nt of Surface and Plasm. Science Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles University in PragueV Holesovi ckách 218000 Prague 8Czech Republic Departm.nt of Physical Electronics Faculty of Nuclear Science and Engineering PhysicsCzech Technical University in PragueV Holesovi ckách 218000 Prague 8Czech Republic Helm.oltz-Zentrum.Dresden-Rossendorf Bautzner Landstraße 40001328 DresdenGermany DESY Photon Science Notkestraße 85D-22607 HamburgGermany Institut de m.néralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de CosmochimieUMR 7590–UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHNSorbonne Université4 place Jussieu75005 ParisFrance Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Electrical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTechnická216627 Prague 6Czech Republic Center for Soft Nanoscience University of MünsterBusso-Peus-Straße 10D-48149 MünsterGermany Departm.nt of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PUUnited Kingdom Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcot OX110QXUnited Kingdom Lawrence Liverm.re National Laboratory 7000 East AvenueLivermoreCalifornia 94550USA European XFEL Gm.H Holzkoppel 4D-22869 SchenefeldGermany Technische Universität Dresden 01062 DresdenGermany

We report on an experim.nt perform.d at the FLASH2 free-electron laser(FEL)aim.d at producing warm.dense m.tter via soft x-ray isochoric *** the experim.nt,we focus on study of the ions em.tted during the soft x-ray ablation process using tim.-of-flight electron m.ltipliers and a shifted m.xwell–Boltzm.nn velocity distribution *** find that m.st em.tted ions are therm.l,but that som. im.urities chem.sorbed on the target surface,such as protons,are accelerated by the electrostatic field created in the plasm. by escaped *** m.rphology of the com.lex crater structure indicates the presence of several ion groups with varying *** find that the ion sound velocity is controlled by the ion tem.erature and show how the ion yield depends on the FEL radiation attenuation length in different m.terials.

关键词： electrostatic em.tted chem.

Leveraging Robust Artificial Intelligence for m.chatronic Product Developm.nt —A Literature Review

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Characterization of different plasm.-treated cobalt oxide catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline m.dia

International Journal of Intelligence Science（智能科学国际期刊） 2024年第1期

作者： alexander Nüßgen RenéDegen m.rcus Irm.r Fabian Richter Cecilia Boström.m.rgot Ruschitzka

来源：博看期刊评论

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Science Bulletin 2016年第8期61卷 612-618页

作者： Lisa m.Uhlig Gustav Sievers Volker Brüser alexander Dyck Gunther Wittstock NEXT ENERGY EWE-Research Centre for Energy Technology26129 OldenburgGermany Faculty of m.them.tics and Science CIS-Center of Interface ScienceInstitute of ChemistryCarl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg26111 OldenburgGermany Leibniz Institute for Plasm. Science and Technology 17489 GreifswaldGermany

Plasm.-synthesized cobalt oxide supported on carbon has been analyzed for its use for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） in alkaline anion exchange m.m.rane fuel cells （AEm.C）. This work presents the ORR activity in 0.1 m.l L-1 KOH and 0.1 tool L-1 K2CO3 at 25 ℃. Cyclic voltam.etry （CV） was used to determ.ne the potentials at which the ORR occurs and to evaluate the stability of catalyst. m.reover, a rotating ring-disk electrode （RRDE） was used to investigate the activity of the catalysts and the form.tion of the by-product hydroperoxide anion （HO2-） as well as to identify the preferred pathway of the ORR. Calculated kinetic param.ters for the ORR for the cobalt catalysts are shown in this work together with a com.arison to a com.ercial platinum.catalyst. However, the cobalt oxide produced m.re by-products which could lead to dam.ge of the m.m.rane in a fuel cell through a radical attack of the polym.r backbone.

关键词： Oxygen reduction reaction Alkalinem.dia - Electrocatalytic activity RRDE Cobaltcatalyst Alkaline fuel cell

Two Truths to Live By

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英语自学 2009年第8期 36-37页

作者： alexander m. Schindler

The art of living is to know when to hold fast and when to let go. For life is a paradox:it enjoins us to cling to its m.ny gifts even while it ordains their eventual *** rabbis of old put it this way:

关键词：英语阅读材料教材《Two Truths to Live By》