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Active Tectonics and Erosional Unloading at the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2005年第2期2卷 146-154页

作者： alexander l. Densmore lI Yong Michael A. Ellis ZHOU Rongjun Institute of Geology Department of Earth Sciences ETH Zentrum CH-8092 Zürich Switzerland National Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059 China Center for Earthquake Research and Information University of Memphis 3890 Central Avenue Memphis TN 38152 USA Institute of Earthquake Engineering Seismological Bureau of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610041 China

The eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is marked by an extremely steep mountain front with relief of over 5 km. This topography,coupled with abundant Mesozoic thrusts within the margin,explains why tectonic maps of the India-Asia collision typically show the eastern margin as a major thrust zone. Actually,it does not like that. Field observations suggest that the margin is better characterized as a zone of NNE-directed dextral shear with extensive strike-slip faulting and secondary thrusting. The high relief and steep gradients are partially explained by erosional unloading of an elastic lithosphere;the pre-erosion inherited topography may be the inherited Mesozoic thrust belt landscape modified by a component of Cenozoic tectonic shortening.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau tectonic erosional unloading faulting

Submaximal oxygen uptake kinetics, functional mobility, and physical activity in older adults with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第5期13卷 450-457页

作者： Scott l Hummel John Herald Craig Alpert Kimberlee A Gretebeck Wendy S Champoux Donald R Dengel Peter V Vaitkevicius Neil B alexander Department of lnternal Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System Ann Arbor MI USA School of Nursing University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA William Beaumont School of Medicine Oakland University Royal Oak MI USA School of Kinesiology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Aspirus Health System Ontanagon ML USA

Background Submaximal oxygen uptake measures are more feasible and may better predict clinical cardiac outcomes than maximal tests in older adults with heart failure （HF）. We examined relationships between maximal oxygen uptake, submaximal oxygen kinetics, fianctional mobility, and physical activity in older adults with HF and reduced ejection fraction. Methods Older adults with HF and reduced ejection fraction （n = 25, age 75 ：i： 7 years） were compared to 25 healthy ageand gender-matched controls. Assessments included a maximal treadmill test for peak oxygen uptake （VO2p^ak）, oxygen uptake kinetics at onset of and on recovery from a submaximal treadmill test, functional mobility testing [Get Up and Go （GUG）, Comfortable Gait Speed （CGS）, Unipedal Stance （US）], and self-reported physical activity （PA）. Results Compared to controls, HF had worse performance on GUG, CGS, and US, greater delays in submaximal oxygen uptake kinetics, and lower PA. In controls, VO2peak was more strongly associated with functional mobility and PA than submaximal oxygen uptake kinetics. In HF patients, submaximal oxygen uptake kinetics were similarly associated with GUG and CGS as VO2peak, but weakly associated with PA. Conclusions Based on their mobility performance, older HF patients with reduced ejection fraction are at risk for adverse functional outcomes. In this population, submaximal oxygen uptake measures may be equivalent to VO2 peak in predicting functional mobility, and in addition to being more feasible, may provide better insight into how aerobic function relates to mobility in older adults with HF.

关键词： Aging Congestive heart failure Mobility Oxygen uptake The elderly

Grazing rate and feeding selectivity of small and large bodied cladocerans in waters from lakes with different salinity and phytoplankton structure

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2023年第4期41卷 1341-1351页

作者： Egor ZADEREEV Tatiana lOPATINA Svyatoslav OVCHINNIKOV alexander TOlOMEEV Institute of Biophysics Krasnoyarsk Research CenterSiberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesAkademgorodokKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia Siberian Federal University Krasnoyarsk 660041Russia

Cladocera are filter feeders abundant in freshwaters,which consume phytoplankton particles in wide size and taxonomic *** ability of cladocerans to control phytoplankton abundance by grazing is determined by various factors including the characteristics of *** salinization may reduce the strength of top-down grazing control of phytoplankton because of the detrimental effects of salinity on the grazing intensity of *** performed grazing experiments with two species of Cladocera of different body lengths to test their ability to graze on phytoplankton in natural waters differing in salinity and size and taxonomic composition of food *** experiments demonstrated that the grazing rate was mostly controlled by the abundance of phytoplankton in the *** grazing rate was reduced at salinity *** 3 g/l of NaCl in the *** lower grazing rate was observed in the medium with larger phytoplankton *** species predominantly consumed phytoplankton particles with a diameter of 6-12μm,which may shift the size distribution of phytoplankton towards a larger average diameter of *** taxon-specific feeding was also observed,as both species predominantly consumed diatom ***,we found that because of grazing,the size and taxonomic characteristics of phytoplankton are shifted towards a less edible *** detrimental effect of elevated salinity on grazing rate supports growing concern about freshwater salinization negatively affecting water quality,particularly reducing top-down grazing control of phytoplankton.

关键词： selective feeding Daphnia Moina top-down control phytoplankton salinity

Machine-learned interatomic potentials for alloys and alloy phase diagrams

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 139-147页

作者： Conrad W.Rosenbrock Konstantin Gubaev alexander VShapeev livia B.Pártay Noam Bernstein Gábor Csányi Gus l.W.Hart Department of Physics and Astronomy Brigham Young UniversityProvoUTUSA84602 Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Skolkovo Innovation CenterNobel Str.3Moscow 143026Russia Department of Chemistry University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66ADUK Department of Chemistry University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK US Naval Research laboratory Center for Computational Materials ScienceWashingtonDC 20375USA Department of Engineering University of CambridgeTrumpington StreetCambridge CB21PZUK

We introduce machine-learned potentials for Ag-Pd to describe the energy of alloy configurations over a wide range of *** compare two different *** tensor potentials(MTPs)are polynomial-like functions of interatomic distances and *** Gaussian approximation potential(GAP)framework uses kernel regression,and we use the smooth overlap of atomic position(SOAP)representation of atomic neighborhoods that consist of a complete set of rotational and permutational invariants provided by the power spectrum of the spherical Fourier transform of the neighbor *** types of potentials give excellent accuracy for a wide range of compositions,competitive with the accuracy of cluster expansion,a benchmark for this *** both models are able to describe small deformations away from the lattice positions,SOAP-GAP excels at transferability as shown by sensible transformation paths between configurations,and MTP allows,due to its lower computational cost,the calculation of compositional phase *** the fact that both methods perform nearly as well as cluster expansion but yield off-lattice models,we expect them to open new avenues in computational materials modeling for alloys.

关键词： alloy alloys phase

TEM STUDIES FOR DIGM IN Kr ION IRRADIATED Au-Cu BIlAYERS

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1996年第3期6卷 119-121页

作者： Gao Yuzun alexander D E Rehn l E(General Research institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088 Argonne National laboratory, Il 60439,U.S.A.) GEN RES INST NONFERROUS MET BEIJING 100088 PEOPLES R CHINA ARGONNE NATl lAB ARGONNE IL 60439 USA

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关键词： grain boundary migration electron microscopy Kr ion

Development of current-induced scour beneath elevated subsea pipelines

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2018年第4期3卷 265-281页

作者： Jun Y.lee alexander l.Forrest Fauzi A.Hardjanto Shuhong Chai Remo Cossu Zhi Q.leong National Centre for Maritime Engineering and Hydrodynamics Australian Maritime CollegeUniversity of TasmaniaLocked Bag 1395Launceston Tasmania 7250Australia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California-DavisDavisCA 95616United States School of Civil Engineering University of QueenslandSt Lucia Queensland 4072Australia

When scour occurs beneath a subsea pipeline and develops to a certain extent,the pipeline may experience vortex-induced vibrations,through which there can be a potential accumulation of fatigue ***,when a pipeline is laid on an uneven seabed,certain sections may have an elevation with respect to the far-field seabed,e o,at which the development of scour would *** work focused on predicting the development of the scour depth beneath subsea pipelines with an elevation under steady flow conditions.A range of pipe elevation-to-diameter ratios(i.e.0≤e o/D≤0.5)have been considered for laboratory experiments conducted in a sediment *** corresponding equilibrium scour depths and scour time scales were obtained;experimental data from published literature have been collected and added to the present study to produce a more complete analysis *** correlation between existing empirical equations for predicting the time scale and the experimental data was assessed,resulting in a new set of constants.A new manner of converting the scour time scale into a non-dimensional form was found to aid the empirical equations in attaining a better correlation to the experimental ***,a new empirical equation has also been proposed in this work,which accounts for the influence of e o/D on the non-dimensional scour time *** was found to have the best overall correlation with the experimental ***,full-scale predictions of the seabed gaps and time scales were made for the Tasmanian Gas Pipeline(TGP).

关键词： Scour time scale Equilibrium scour depth Subsea pipelines Pipe elevation Steady currents.

Novel indications for autologous fat grafting in reconstruction:scleroderma

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2023年第1期10卷 680-688页

作者： Abed Rahman Kawakibi alexander N.Khouri Paul S.Cederna Amy l.Strong Section of Plastic Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 49109USA

Scleroderma is a chronic connective tissue disease characterized by inflammation,vascular injury,and progressive skin fibrosis,resulting in significant aesthetic and functional impairments for *** therapies are limited and insufficiently treat the cutaneous manifestations of *** fat transfer(AFT)is a surgical technique that has been utilized for many decades for facial *** adipose stem cells(ASCs)present in fat grafts have also shown significant promise for their anti-inflammatory and regenerative ***,AFT has been repurposed to treat the skin manifestations of systemic sclerosis and localized *** suggest that AFT in scleroderma patients improves mouth and hand functions,Raynaud’s symptoms,and digital *** is a safe procedure with rare postoperative complications,making it a promising intervention for the treatment of *** studies are required to better characterize the influence of fat grafts on the recipient site and to establish standards for fat transfer in fibrotic skin diseases.

关键词： Scleroderma systemic sclerosis localized scleroderma AFT

Relative accuracy of spatial predictive models for lynx lynx canadensis derived using logistic regression-AIC,multiple criteria evaluation and Bayesian approaches

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Current Zoology 2009年第1期55卷 28-40页

作者： Hejun KANG Shelley M. alexander Center for Spatial Analysis School of Geography and Earth Sciences McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada L8S 4K1 Department of Geography University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada T2N 1N4

We compared probability surfaces derived using one set of environmental variables in three Geographic Information Systems （GIS） -based approaches： logistic regression and Akaike＇s Information Criterion （AIC）, Multiple Criteria Evaluation （MCE）, and Bayesian Analysis （specifically Dempster-Shafer theory）. We used lynx lynx canadensis as our focal species, and developed our environment relationship model using track data collected in Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada, during winters from 1997 to 2000. The accuracy of the three spatial models were compared using a contingency table method. We determined the percentage of cases in which both presence and absence points were correctly classified （overall accuracy）, the failure to predict a species where it occurred （omission error） and the prediction of presence where there was absence （commission error）. Our overall accuracy showed the logistic regression approach was the most accurate （74.51%）. The multiple criteria evaluation was intermediate （39.22%）, while the Dempster-Shafer （D-S） theory model was the poorest （29.90%）. However, omission and commission error tell us a different story： logistic regression had the lowest commission error, while D-S theory produced the lowest omission error. Our results provide evidence that habitat modellers should evaluate all three error measures when ascribing confidence in their model. We suggest that for our study area at least, the logistic regression model is optimal. However, where sample size is small or the species is very rare, it may also be useful to explore and/or use a more ecologically cautious modelling approach （e.g. Dempster-Shafer） that would over-predict, protect more sites, and thereby minimize the risk of missing critical habitat in conservation plans .

关键词： Bayesian Analysis (Dempster-Shafer) GIS Habitat logistic regression lynx canadensis Multiple Criteria Evaluation (MCE)

Tandem cervical carotid stenting for stenosis with flow diversion embolisation for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2019年第1期4卷 43-47页

作者： Jessica K Campos li-Mei lin Narlin B Beaty Matthew T Bender Bowen Jiang David A Zarrin alexander l Coon Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of CaliforniaIrvineOrangeCaliforniaUSA

Background An estimated 2%-3%of the population harbour an intracranial *** atherosclerotic cervical carotid disease is not *** management of these two entities remains a challenge within the *** presentation We report a single case of concomitant carotid stenosis and two ipsilateral unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated with a single-staged cervical carotid stenting and cerebral aneurysm embolisation with the Pipeline embolisation *** No consensus currently exists to guide endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms associated with asymptomatic ipsilateral ***,we present a case of asymptomatic moderate carotid stenosis with two ipsilateral intracranial aneurysms and suggest carotid artery stenting takes procedural priority over aneurysm embolisation in single-stage *** rationale for the sequence of neurointerventions is based on the tracking a robust distal access system beyond a stenotic proximal carotid lesion and stabilisation of the ulcerated plaque to avoid thromboembolic complications associated with plaque irritation during aneurysm *** cases and longer follow-up will be needed to further assess the efficacy of this technique.

关键词： aneurysm carotid stenosis