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Helicobacter pylori vac A genotype is a predominant determinant of immune response to Helicobacter pylori CagA

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第26期23卷 4712-4723页

作者： alexander Link Cosima Langner Wiebke Schirrmeister Wiebke Habendorf Jochen Weigt Marino Venerito Ina Tammer Dirk Schlüter Philipp Schlaermann Thomas f Meyer Thomas Wex Peter Malfertheiner Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious DiseasesOtto-von-Guericke University Institute of Medical Microbiology Otto-von-Guericke University Helmholtz Center for Infection Research Department of Molecular Biology Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology Department of Molecular Genetics Medical Laboratory for Clinical ChemistryMicrobiology and Infectious Diseases

To evaluate the frequency of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) CagA antibodies in H. pylori infected subjects and to identify potential histopathological and bacterial factors related to H. pylori CagA-immune response. METHODSSystematic data to H. pylori isolates, blood samples, gastric biopsies for histological and molecular analyses were available from 99 prospectively recruited subjects. Serological profile (anti-H. pylori, anti-CagA) was correlated with H. pylori isolates (cagA, EPIYA, vacA s/m genotype), histology (Sydney classification) and mucosal interleukin-8 (IL-8) mRNA and protein expression. Selected H. pylori strains were assessed for H. pylori CagA protein expression and IL-8 induction in co-cultivation model with AGS cells. RESULTSThirty point three percent of microbiologically confirmed H. pylori infected patients were seropositive for CagA. Majority of H. pylori isolates were cagA gene positive (93.9%) with following vacA polymorphisms: 42.4% vacA s1m1, 23.2% s1m2 and 34.3% s2m2. Anti-CagA-IgG seropositivity was strongly associated with atrophic gastritis, increased mucosal inflammation according to the Sydney score, IL-8 and cagA mRNA expression. VacA s and m polymorphisms were the major determinants for positive (vacA s1m1) or negative (vacA s2m2) anti-CagA serological immune response, which also correlated with the in vitro inflammatory potential in AGS cells. In vitro co-cultivation of representative H. pylori strains with AGS cells confirmed functional CagA translocation, which showed only partial correlation with CagA seropositivity in patients, supporting vacA as major co-determinant of the immune response. CONCLUSIONSerological immune response to H. pylori cagA+ strain in H. pylori infected patients is strongly associated with vacA polymorphism, suggesting the crucial role of bacterial factors in immune and clinical phenotype of the infection.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Seropositivity Virulence factors CagA VacA Immune response

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Canopy Roughness:A New Phenotypic Trait to Estimate Aboveground Biomass from Unmanned Aerial System

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Plant Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 419-428页

作者： Monica Herrero-Huerta alexander Bucksch Eetu Puttonen Katy M.Rainey Department of Agronomy Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Department of Cartographic and Land Engineering Higher Polytechnic School of AvilaUniversity of SalamancaAvilaSpain Institute for Plant Sciences College of AgriculturePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Department of Plant Biology University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA Warnell School of forestry and Natural Resources University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA Institute of Bioinformatics University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA finnish Geospatial Research Institute National Land Survey of FinlandMasalaFinland

Cost-effective phenotyping methods are urgently needed to advance crop genetics in order to meet the food,fuel,and fiber demands of the coming ***,characterizing plot level traits in fields is of particular *** developments in highresolution imaging sensors for UAS(unmanned aerial systems)focused on collecting detailed phenotypic measurements are a potential *** introduce canopy roughness as a new plant plot-level *** tested its usability with soybean by optical data collected from UAS to estimate *** validate canopy roughness on a panel of 108 soybean[Glycine max(L.)Merr.]recombinant inbred lines in a multienvironment trial during the R^(2) growth stage.A sensefly eBee UAS platform obtained aerial images with a sensefly *** digital *** a structure from motion(SfM)technique,we reconstructed 3D point clouds of the soybean experiment.A novel pipeline for feature extraction was developed to compute canopy roughness from point *** used regression analysis to correlate canopy roughness with field-measured aboveground biomass(AGB)with a leave-one-out ***,our models achieved a coefficient of determination(R^(2))greater than 0.5 in all ***,we found that canopy roughness has the ability to discern AGB variations among different *** test trials demonstrate the potential of canopy roughness as a reliable trait for high-throughput phenotyping to estimate *** such,canopy roughness provides practical information to breeders in order to select phenotypes on the basis of UAS data.

关键词： soybean Biomass roughness

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Understanding the galvanic corrosion of the Q-phase/Al couple using SVET and SIET

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第7期35卷 1444-1454页

作者： alexander I.Ikeuba Bo Zhang Jianqiu Wang En-Hou Han Wei Ke Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) 19A Yuquan RoadShijingshan DistrictBeijing100049China Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry University of CalabarCalabarPMB 1115 Nigeria

The galvanic corrosion of the Q-phase/Al couple in 0.1 M NaCl solutions has been studied using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET)f the scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The galvanic corrosion of the Q-phase/Al couple was found to be dependent on pH and immersion time. Current density maps obtained by SVET shows that the anodic oxidation processes emerge from Al in a localized manner in pH 2 and 6 solutions but is initiated in a uniform manner in pH 13 solution, whereas, the cathodic processes are more homogeneously distributed over the Q-phase at pH 2.6 and 13. It is seen that the Q-phase remains cathodic in the Q-phase/Al couple in acidic, neutral and alkaline solutions indicating that the galvanic polarity of the Q-phase is independent of pH. The effect of the galvanic corrosion was largest at pH 2 and 13 compared to pH 6. The pH map obtained by SIET indicates that the galvanic activity of the Q-phase/Al couple proceeds via heavy alkalization of the Q-phase surface with the generation of appreciable amounts of OH~ ions. The enrichment of Cu indicated by EDX is responsible for the observed cathodic activity of the Q-phase in the Q-phase/Al couple.

关键词： Q-phase Galvanic corrosion Scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) Scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET) Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX)

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Porous insights:IpaH7.8 reveals crystal-clear differences of gasdermins in mice and men

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第7期8卷 3209-3210页

作者： friedrich alexander von Samson-Himmelstjerna Benedikt Kolbrink Stefan Krautwald Department of Nephrology and Hypertension University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein24105 KielGermany

Two recent back-to-back papers published in Nature provide new insights into the structural basis of gasdermin B(GSDMB)targeting by the secreted Shigella virulence effector IpaH7.8,the regulation of GSDMB’s pore-forming pyroptotic activity by alternative splicing,and into the inter-species differences regarding IpaH7.8-mediated inhibition of gasdermin D(GSDMD)activity.

关键词： insight Shigella activity

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Local Embeddings of Some families of Subgroups of finite Groups

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2009年第6期25卷 869-882页

作者： A.BALLESTER-BOLINCHES Luis M.EZQUERRO alexander N.SKIBA Departament d'lgebra Universitat de València Departamento Department of Mathematics Gomel State University F.Skorina

In this paper we study the influence of the partial cover and avoidance property on the subgroups of some relevant families of subgroups in a finite group.

关键词： finite group cover-avoidance property p-supersoluble groups saturated formation

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Optical probing of ultrafast laser-induced solid-to-overdense-plasma transitions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 973-984页

作者： Yasmina Azamoum Georg alexander Becker Sebastian Keppler Guillaume Duchateau Stefan Skupin Mickael Grech fabrice Catoire Sebastian Hell Issa Tamer Marco Hornung Marco Hellwing alexander Kessler franck Schorcht Malte Christoph Kaluza GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany. Helmholtz Institute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany. Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics Friedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaMax-Wien-Platz 107743 JenaGermany. CEA-CESTA 15 Avenue des SablièresCS6000133116 Le BarpCedexFrance Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306-CNRSUniversitéde Lyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance. LULI CNRSCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance. Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA CELIAUMR 5107 TalenceFrance

Understanding the solid target dynamics resulting from the interaction with an ultrashort laser pulse is a challenging fundamental multi-physics problem involving atomic and solid-state physics,plasma physics,and laser *** of the initial interplay of the underlying processes is essential to many applications ranging from lowpower laser regimes like laser-induced ablation to high-power laser regimes like laser-driven ion *** the properties of the so-called pre-plasma formed as the laser pulse’s rising edge ionizes the target is complicated from the theoretical and experimental point of view,and many aspects of this laser-induced transition from solid to overdense plasma over picosecond timescales are still open *** the one hand,laser-driven ion acceleration requires precise control of the pre-plasma because the efficiency of the acceleration process crucially depends on the target properties at the arrival of the relativistic intensity peak of the *** the other hand,efficient laser ablation requires,for example,preventing the so-called“plasma shielding”.By capturing the dynamics of the initial stage of the interaction,we report on a detailed visualization of the pre-plasma formation and ***-thin diamond-like carbon foils are shown to transition from solid to plasma during the laser rising edge with intensitiesfrared probe transmission measurements evidence sub-picosecond dynamics of an expanding plasma with densities above 10^(23)cm^(−3)(about 100 times the critical plasma density).The complementarity of a solid-state interaction model and kinetic plasma description provides deep insight into the interplay of initial ionization,collisions,and expansion.

关键词： laser acceleration solid

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Compact laser wakefield acceleration toward high energy with micro-plasma parabola

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第6期9卷 53-60页

作者： Xuesong Geng Tongjun Xu Lingang Zhang Igor Kostyukov alexander Pukhov Baifei Shen Liangliang Ji State Key Laboratory of High field Laser Physics and CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-Intense Laser Science Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics(SIOM)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shanghai 201800China Institute for Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences 603155 Nizhni NovgorodRussia Institut für Theoretische Physik Ⅰ Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorf 40225Germany Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234China

Laser wakefield acceleration(LWfA)promises compact accelerators toward the high-energy ***,the approach to the 100 GeV milestone faces the obstacle of the long focal length required for optimal acceleration with high-power lasers,which reaches hundreds of meters for 10-100 PW *** long focal length originates from optimal laser intensity required to avoid nonlinear effects and hence large spot size and Rayleigh *** propose a"telescope"geometry in which a micro-plasma parabola(MPP)is coupled with a short-focal-length off-axis parabola,minimizing the focal length to the meter range for LWfA under optimized conditions driven by lasers beyond 1 ***-dimensional kinetic simulations demonstrate the generation of a 9 GeV electron bunch within only 1 m optical length—only one-tenth of that required with the conventional approach with the same *** proposed MPP provides a basis for the construction of compact LWfAs toward single-stage 100 GeV acceleration with 100 PW class lasers.

关键词： laser acceleration high

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Reduced formation of peroxide and radical species stabilises iron-based hybrid catalysts in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第2期31卷 433-438页

作者： Dongyoon Shin Sabita Bhandari Marc fTesch Shannon ABonke frédéric Jaouen Sonia Chabbra Christoph Pratsch alexander Schnegg Anna K.Mechler Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr.34–3645470 Mülheim an der RuhrGermany ICGM Univ.MontpellierCNRSENSCMMontpellierFrance fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Department of Inorganic ChemistryFaradayweg 4-614195 BerlinGermany

The incorporation of Pt into an iron-nitrogen-carbon(fe NC)catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)was recently shown to enhance catalyst stability without Pt directly contributing to the ORR ***,the mechanistic origin of this stabilisation remained *** is established herein with rotating ring disc experiments that the side product,H_(2)O_(2),which is known to damage feNC catalysts,is suppressed by the presence of *** formation of reactive oxygen species is additionally inhibited,independent of intrinsic H_(2)O_(2) formation,as determined by electron paramagnetic *** electron microscopy identifies an oxidised fe-rich layer covering the Pt particles,thus explaining the inactivity of the latter towards the *** insights develop understanding of fe NC degradation mechanisms during ORR catalysis,and crucially establish the required properties of a precious metal free protective catalyst to improve fe NC stability in acidic media.

关键词： Electrochemistry fuel cells Oxygen reduction reaction Non-precious metal catalyst Hybrid catalyst Stability

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High fH2-fS2 Conditions Associated with Sphalerite in Latala Epithermal Base and Precious Metal Deposit, Central Iran: Implications for the Composition and Genesis Conditions of Sphalerite

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年第3期31卷 523-535页

作者： fariba Padyar Mohammad Rahgoshay alexander Tarantola Marie-Camille Caumon Seyed Mohammad Pourmoafi faculty of Earth Sciences Shahid Beheshti University-EvinTehranIran Department of Exploration Geological Survey of IranTehranIran GeoResources Lab、faculty of Sciences and Technologies University of LorraineCNRSVandoeuvre the Nancy F-54506France

This paper presents the properties of fluid inclusions found in sphalerite from Latala epithermal base and precious metal deposit(Central Iran),which is hosted in Cenozoic volcanicsedimentary *** Latala Deposit represents an example of vein type,base metal deposits in the Miduk porphyry copper deposits(PCDs)in southern Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt(UDMB).Mineralization in Latala epithermal base and precious metal vein type formed in 3 stages and sphalerite-quartz veins occur in stages 2 and *** 2 quartz-sphalerite veins are associated with chalcopyrite and zoned sphalerite,along with quartz+hematite,and Stage 3 quartz-sphalerite veins contain galena+sphalerite+chalcopyrite and quartz with overgrowth of *** in Stage 3 occurs as replacement bodies and contains fe-poor sphalerite without zoning in the outer parts of the *** paper focuses on fluid inclusions in veins bearing sphalerite and *** fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures and salinity in sphalerite(some with typical zoning)range from 144 to 285℃and from 0.2 wt.%to 7.6 wt.%NaCl *** and fluid inclusions of the Latala base and precious metal deposit formed from relatively low-T and low-salinity *** spectroscopy analyses indicate a high percentage of CO2 in the gas phase of fluid inclusions in fe-poor sphalerites,as expected with melting temperature for CO2 of-56.6℃,and significant amounts of *** of reduced carbon species(methane and lighter hydrocarbons)was confirmed in the petrographic study using UV light and Raman *** amounts of H2 in fluid inclusions of fe-poor sphalerite can be the result of different intensities of alteration and diffusion *** common occurrences of CO2 in fluid inclusions have originated from magma degassing and dissolution of ***δ^34S values for sulfide minerals in galena of sphalerite bearing veins vary between-9.8‰and-1.0‰,and theδ^34S values calculated for H2 S are between

关键词： Iran Miduk porphyry Latala sphalerite fluid inclusions Raman spectroscopy δ^34S

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Toll-like receptor 7 deficiency suppresses type 1 diabetes development by modulating B-cell differentiation and function

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第2期18卷 328-338页

作者： Juan Huang Jian Peng James alexander Pearson Georgios Efthimiou Youjia Hu Ningwen Tai Yanpeng Xing Luyao Zhang Jianlei Gu Jianping Jiang Hongyu Zhao Zhiguang Zhou f.Susan Wong Li Wen National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology(Central South University)Ministry of Educationand Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Section of Endocrinology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of MedicineYale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Division of Infection and Immunity School of MedicineCardiff UniversityCardiffUK Department of Microbiology University of HullHullUK Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the first Hospital of Jilin University ChangchunJilinChina Department of Biostatistics Data Science&GeneticsYale School of Public HealthNew HavenCTUSA

Innate immunity mediated by Toll-like receptors(TLRs),which can recognize pathogen molecular patterns,plays a critical role in type 1 diabetes ***7 is a pattern recognition receptor that senses single-stranded RNAs from viruses and host tissue cells;however,its role in type 1 diabetes development remains *** our study,we discovered that Tlr7-deficient(Tlr7^(−/−))nonobese diabetic(NOD)mice,a model of human type 1 diabetes,exhibited a significantly delayed onset and reduced incidence of type 1 diabetes compared with Tlr7-sufficient(Tlr7^(+/+))NOD *** investigations showed that Tlr7 deficiency significantly altered B-cell differentiation and immunoglobulin ***,Tlr7^(−/−)NOD B cells were found to suppress diabetogenic CD4^(+)T-cell responses and protect immunodeficient NOD mice from developing diabetes induced by diabetogenic T *** addition,we found that Tlr7 deficiency suppressed the antigen-presenting functions of B cells and inhibited cytotoxic CD8^(+)T-cell activation by downregulating the expression of both nonclassical and classical MHC class I(MHC-I)molecules on B *** data suggest that TLR7 contributes to type 1 diabetes development by regulating B-cell functions and subsequent interactions with T ***,therapeutically targeting TLR7 may prove beneficial for disease protection.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Toll-like receptor 7 B cell

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