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Spectral reflectance response to nitrogen fertilization in field grown corn

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第4期11卷 118-126页

作者： Chuanqi Xie Ce Yang alexander hummel jr Gregg A Johnson Forrest T Izuno Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108United States Farm Nutrients Inc. 4949 Hwy 71RembrandtIA 50576United States Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108United States Southern Research and Outreach Center University of MinnesotaWasecaMN 56093United States

This study was carried out to analyze the spectral reflectance response of different nitrogen levels for corn *** different nitrogen treatments of 0%,80%,100%and 120%BMP(best management practice)were *** component analysis-loading(PCA-loading)was used to identify the effective *** least squares(PLS)and multiple linear regression(MLR)models were built to predict different nitrogen *** indices(VIs)were calculated and then used to build more prediction *** full and selected wavelengths-based models showed similar prediction *** overall PLS model obtained the coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.6535 with a root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.2681 in the prediction *** selected wavelengths for overall MLR model obtained the R^(2) of 0.6735 and RMSE of 0.3457 in the prediction *** results showed that the wavelengths in visible and near infrared region(350-1000 nm)performed better than the two either spectral regions(1001-1350/1425-1800 nm and 2000-2400 nm).For each data set,the wavelengths around 555 nm and 730 nm were identified to be the most important to predict nitrogen *** vogelmann red edge index 2(VOG 2)performed the best among all *** demonstrated that spectral reflectance has the potential to be used for analyzing nitrogen response in corn.

关键词： spectrum effective wavelengths principal component analysis-loading(PCA-loading) prediction vegetation indices(VIs) corn

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Weather-based interruption prediction in the smart grid utilizing chronological data

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2016年第2期4卷 308-315页

作者： Arif I.SARWAT Mohammadhadi AMINI alexander DOMIJAN jr. Aleksandar DAMNJANOVIC Faisal KALEEM Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA Department of Electrical Engineering University of BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA Midzor LLC.Power SystemsMagneticsHigh VoltageOldsmarFLUSA

This unique study will demonstrate a combined effect of weather parameters on the total number of power distribution interruptions in a *** on common weather conditions,a theoretical model can predict interruptions and risk assessment with immediate weather *** daily and hourly weather data,the created models will predict the number of daily or by-shift *** weather and environmental conditions to be addressed will include rain,wind,temperature,lightning density,humidity,barometric pressure,snow and *** will be developed to allow broad *** and deterministic simulations of the models using the data collected will be conducted by employing existing software,and the results will be used to refine the *** developed in this study will be used to predict power interruptions in areas that can be readily monitored,thus validating the *** application has resulted in defining the predicted number of interruptions in a region with a specific confidence *** is major concern for every *** and timely action to minimize the outage duration improves *** of this predictor model with existing smart grid self-healing technology is proposed.

关键词： Interruption prediction Modeling Artificial neural networks Self-healing Smart grid Weather conditions effect

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Intramedullary bone pedestal formation contributing to femoral shaft fracture nonunion:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第5期13卷 528-537页

作者： Charles B Pasque alexander J Pappas Chad A Cole jr Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation University of Oklahoma College of MedicineOklahoma CityOK 73104United States University of Colorado School of Medicine AuroraCO 80045United States

BACKGROUND Femoral shaft fracture is a commonly encountered orthopedic injury that can be treated operatively with a low overall delayed/nonunion *** the case of delayed union after antegrade or retrograde intramedullary nail fixation,fracture dynamization is often attempted *** after dynamization has been shown to occur due to infection and other aseptic *** present a unique case of diaphyseal femoral shaft fracture nonunion after dynamization due to intramedullary cortical bone pedestal formation at the distal tip of the *** SUMMARY A 37-year-old male experienced a high-energy trauma to his left thigh after coming down hard during a motocross *** was consistent with an isolated,closed,left mid-shaft femur *** was initially managed with reamed antegrade intramedullary nail fixation but had continued thigh *** at four months demonstrated no evidence of fracture union and failure of the distal locking screw,and dynamization by distal locking screw removal was *** patient continued to have pain eight months after the initial procedure and 4 mo after dynamization with serial radiographs continuing to demonstrate no evidence of fracture *** decision was made to proceed with exchange nailing for aseptic fracture *** the exchange procedure,an obstruction was encountered at the distal tip of the failed nail and was confirmed on magnified fluoroscopy to be a pedestal of cortical bone in the *** obstruction required further distal reaming.A longer and larger diameter exchange nail was placed without difficulty and without a distal locking screw to allow for dynamization at the fracture ***-operative radiographs showed proper fracture and hardware *** was subsequently radiographic evidence of callus formation at one year with subsequent fracture consolidation and resolution of thigh pain at eighteen *** The risk of fracture nonunion caused by int

关键词： Nonunion Femoral shaft fracture Diaphysis Fracture fixation Antegrade intramedullary nail Case report

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No signature of selection on the C-terminal region of glucose transporter 2 with the evolution of avian nectarivory

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Avian Research 2020年第4期11卷 380-390页

作者： alexander M.Myrka Tooba Shah Jason T.Weir Kenneth C.Welch jr. Department of Cell and Systems Biology University of Toronto25 Harbord St.TorontoON M5S 3G5Canada Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough1265 Military TrailTorontoON M1C 1A4Canada Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto Scarborough1265 Military TrailTorontoON M1C 1A4Canada

Background:Flying birds,especially those that hover,need to meet high energetic *** that meet this demand through nectarivory face the added challenges of maintaining homeostasis in the face of spikes in blood sugar associated with nectar meals,as well as transporting that sugar to energetically demanding *** has evolved many times in birds and we hypothesized that the challenges of this dietary strategy would exert selective pressure on key aspects of metabolic ***,we hypothesized we would find convergent or parallel amino acid substitutions among different nectarivorous lineages in a protein important to sensing,regulating,and transporting glucose,glucose transporter 2(GLUT2).Methods:Genetic sequences for GLUT2 were obtained from ten pairs of nectarivorous and non-nectarivorous sister *** performed PCR amplification of the intracellular C-terminal domain of GLUT2 and adjacent protein domains due to the role of this region in determination of transport rate,substrate specificity and ***:Our findings have ruled out the C-terminal regulatory region of GLUT2 as a target for selection by sugar-rich diet among avian nectarivores,though selection among hummingbirds,the oldest avian nectarivores,cannot be ***:Our results indicate future studies should examine down-stream targets of GLUT2-mediated glucosensing and insulin secretion,such as insulin receptors and their targets,as potential sites of selection by nectarivory in birds.

关键词： GLUT2 Nectarivory Avian Glucosensing Glucose Diet Insulin signalling

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Round spermatid injection into human oocytes:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第4期23卷 363-369页

作者： Brent M Hanson Taylor P Kohn alexander W Pastuszak Richard T Scott jr Philip J Cheng James M Hotaling Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility IVI-Reproductive Medicine Associates of New JerseyBasking RidgeNJ 07920USA Department of Urology The Brady Urological Institute at Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21287USA Department of Surgery University of Utah Center for Reconstructive Urology and Men's HealthSalt Lake CityUT 84108USA

Many azoospermic men do not possess mature spermatozoa at the time of surgical sperm *** study is a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating outcomes following round spermatid injection(ROSI),a technique which utilizes immature precursors of spermatozoa for *** electronic search was performed to identify relevant articles published through October *** cohort studies in English involving male patients who had round spermatids identified and used for fertilization with human oocytes were *** rate,pregnancy rate,and resultant delivery rate were assessed following ***-analysis outcomes were analyzed using a random-effects *** were extracted from 22 studies involving 1099 couples and 4218 embryo *** fertilization rate after ROSI was 38.7%(95%confidence interval[CI]:31.5%–46.3%),while the pregnancy rate was 3.7%(95%CI:3.2%–4.4%).The resultant delivery rate was low,with 4.3%of embryo transfers resulting in a delivery(95%CI:2.3%–7.7%).The pregnancy rate per couple was 13.4%(95%CI:6.8%–19.1%)and the resultant delivery rate per couple was 8.1%(95%CI:6.1%–14.4%).ROSI has resulted in clinical pregnancies and live births,but success rates are considerably lower than those achieved with mature *** this technique may be a feasible alternative for men with azoospermia who decline other options,couples should be aware that the odds of a successful delivery are greatly diminished and the prognosis is relatively poor.

关键词： azoospermia in vitro fertilization infertility spermatozoa testis

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A very rare case of late diagnosis of cor triatriatum sinistrum

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2015年第2期12卷 185-186页

作者： lngrid Schusterova Martin Czemy alexander Jurko jr Milan Minarik Cardiac Surgepy Clinic' Eastern Heart Institute Kosice 04011 Slovakia Department of Cardiovascular Surgery University Hospital Zurich 8091 Switzerland Pediatric Cardiology Clinic Jessenius Faculty ofMedicine Comenius University Martin 03601 SIovakia Faculty of Health Care Catholic University in Ruzomberok 03401 Slovakia

We presented a 73-year-old patient with a history of hospitalizations for heart failure as well as treatment for arterial hypertension and permanent atrial fibrillation and who was found to have cor triatriatum sinistrum in combination with bicuspid aortic valve. Patient refused surgical correction, but his condition improved on conservative therapy for heart failure and atrial fibrillation.

关键词： Congenital heart defect Cor triatriatum Echocardiography

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Submaximal oxygen uptake kinetics, functional mobility, and physical activity in older adults with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第5期13卷 450-457页

作者： Scott L hummel John Herald Craig Alpert Kimberlee A Gretebeck Wendy S Champoux Donald R Dengel Peter V Vaitkevicius Neil B alexander Department of lnternal Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System Ann Arbor MI USA School of Nursing University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA William Beaumont School of Medicine Oakland University Royal Oak MI USA School of Kinesiology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Aspirus Health System Ontanagon ML USA

Background Submaximal oxygen uptake measures are more feasible and may better predict clinical cardiac outcomes than maximal tests in older adults with heart failure （HF）. We examined relationships between maximal oxygen uptake, submaximal oxygen kinetics, fianctional mobility, and physical activity in older adults with HF and reduced ejection fraction. Methods Older adults with HF and reduced ejection fraction （n = 25, age 75 ：i： 7 years） were compared to 25 healthy ageand gender-matched controls. Assessments included a maximal treadmill test for peak oxygen uptake （VO2p^ak）, oxygen uptake kinetics at onset of and on recovery from a submaximal treadmill test, functional mobility testing [Get Up and Go （GUG）, Comfortable Gait Speed （CGS）, Unipedal Stance （US）], and self-reported physical activity （PA）. Results Compared to controls, HF had worse performance on GUG, CGS, and US, greater delays in submaximal oxygen uptake kinetics, and lower PA. In controls, VO2peak was more strongly associated with functional mobility and PA than submaximal oxygen uptake kinetics. In HF patients, submaximal oxygen uptake kinetics were similarly associated with GUG and CGS as VO2peak, but weakly associated with PA. Conclusions Based on their mobility performance, older HF patients with reduced ejection fraction are at risk for adverse functional outcomes. In this population, submaximal oxygen uptake measures may be equivalent to VO2 peak in predicting functional mobility, and in addition to being more feasible, may provide better insight into how aerobic function relates to mobility in older adults with HF.

关键词： Aging Congestive heart failure Mobility Oxygen uptake The elderly

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Varicocele and testicular function

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第4期17卷 659-667页

作者： alexander W Pastuszak Center for Reproductive Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Scott Department of Urology Bay or Co ege of Medicine Houston TX USA Divisionof Urology University of Texas Med ca School at Houston Houston TX USA Department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center HoustonTX USA

Testicular varicocele, a dilation of the veins of the pampiniform plexus thought to increase testicular temperature via venous congestion, is commonly associated with male infertility. Significant study has clarified the negative impact of varicocele on semen parameters and more recent work has shed light on its detrimental effects on the molecular and ultrastructural features of sperm and the testicular microenvironment, as well as more clearly defined the positive impacts of treatment on couples＇ fertility. The relationship between varicocele and testicular endocrine function, while known for some time based on histologic evaluation, has become more apparent in the clinical setting with a growing link between varicocele and hypogonadism. Finally, in the pediatric setting, while future study will clarify the impact of varicocele on fertility and testicular function, recent work supports a parallel effect of varicocele in adolescents and adults, suggesting a re-evaluation of current treatment approaches in light of the progressive nature of the condition and potential increased risk of future disease.

关键词： hypogonadism Leydig cell male fertility oxidative stress Sertoli cell ultramorphology varicocele

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Nanowrinkled Carbon Aerogels Embedded with FeN_(x) Sites as Effective Oxygen Electrodes for Rechargeable Zinc-Air Battery

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Research 2019年第1期2019卷 1-13页

作者： Ting He Bingzhang Lu Yang Chen Yong Wang Yaqiang Zhang John L.Davenport Alan P.Chen Chih-Wen Pao Min Liu Zhifang Sun alexander Stram alexander Mordaunt Jairo Velasco jr Yuan Ping Yi Zhang Shaowei Chen State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California1156 High StreetSanta CruzCalifornia 95064USA Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada T6G 1H9 Department of Physics University of California1156 High StreetSanta CruzCalifornia 95064USA X-Ray Absorption Group National Synchrotron Radiation Research CenterHsinchu 30076Taiwan Institute of Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials School of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold(Zhengzhou University) Ministry of EducationZhengzhou 450002China

Rational design of single-metal atom sites in carbon substrates by a flexible strategy is highly desired for the preparation of high-performance catalysts for metal-air *** this study,biomass hydrogel reactors are utilized as structural templates to prepare carbon aerogels embedded with single iron atoms by controlled *** tortuous and interlaced hydrogel chains lead to the formation of abundant nanowrinkles in the porous carbon aerogels,and single iron atoms are dispersed and stabilized within the defective carbon skeletons.X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements indicate that the iron centers are mostly involved in the coordination structure of FeN_(4),with a minor fraction(ca.1/5)in the form of FeN_(3)***-principles calculations show that the FeN_(x) sites in the Stone-Wales configurations induced by the nanowrinkles of the hierarchically porous carbon aerogels show a much lower free energy than the normal *** resulting iron and nitrogen-codoped carbon aerogels exhibit excellent and reversible oxygen electrocatalytic activity,and can be used as bifunctional cathode catalysts in rechargeable Zn-air batteries,with a performance even better than that based on commercial Pt/C and RuO_(2) *** from this study highlight the significance of structural distortions of the metal sites in carbon matrices in the design and engineering of highly active single-atom catalysts.

关键词： Oxygen charge skeleton

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A review of superconducting fault current limiters compared with other proven technologies

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Superconductivity 2022年第3期3卷 55-72页

作者： Guilherme Gonçalves Sotelo Gabriel dos Santos Felipe Sass Bruno Wanderley França Daniel Henrique Nogueira Dias Marcio Zamboti Fortes alexander Polasek Rubens de Andrade jr. Fluminense Federal University(UFF) Electrical Engineering DepartmentNiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Electrical Energy Research Center(CEPEL) Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Rio de Janeiro Federal University(UFRJ) Electrical Engineering DepartmentRio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil

Several substations in operation were commissioned decades *** substations are overstressed,then their protection equipment cannot provide an effective safety condition to the *** the worst cases,short‐circuits can cause permanent damage to the system if the overcurrent is higher than the capacity of the installed *** are some possible solutions for those cases:replace all the equipment in the overstressed substation,build a new one in parallel or install a fault current limiter(FCL)*** an economic point of view,introducing FCLs in the power system is the best way to solve the described *** commercial solutions available are the pyrotechnic FCL,air coil reactor,neutral earthing resistor,and high impedance ***,these devices are limited and present several *** the’70s,there has been a search for reliable FCL devices that do not interfere in the regular operation of substations and could limit the fault currents to the protection system rated *** were so many FCL technologies proposed in the last *** proposed new devices may use superconducting technologies,power electronics,or *** paper reviews proven FCL technologies,focusing on full‐scale devices demonstrated in field and lab *** goal is to introduce the main FCL technologies in development and discuss didactically their operation principle,the built prototypes,the commercial units,whether they exist,and the main drawbacks for each technology presented.A final analysis of the level of maturity for each FCL technology is discussed using the TRL(Technology readiness level)scale in order to find technologies with more potential for mass *** three technologies closer to the full commercial application are:the Resistive Superconducting FCL,the Saturated Iron Core FCL,and the Series Reactor FCL.

关键词： Fault current limiter Short circuit Superconductor Power system protection

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