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Investigational growth factors utilized in animal models of spinal fusion: Systematic review

World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第4期10卷 176-191页

作者： Ethan Cottrill A Karim Ahmed Noah Lessing Zachary Pennington Wataru Ishida alexander Perdomo-Pantoja Sheng-fu Lo Elizabeth Howell Christina Holmes C Rory Goodwin Nicholas Theodore Daniel M Sciubba Timothy f Witham Department of Neurosurgery The Johns Hopkins Hospital Department of Neurosurgery Duke University Medical Center

BACKGROUND Over 400000 Americans annually undergo spinal fusion surgeries, yet up to 40%of these procedures result in pseudoarthrosis even with iliac crest autograft, the current "gold standard" treatment. Tissue engineering has the potential to solve this problem via the creation of bone grafts involving bone-promoting growth factors(e.g., bone morphogenetic protein 2). A broad assessment of experimental growth factors is important to inform future work and clinical potential in this area. To date, however, no study has systematically reviewed the investigational growth factors utilized in preclinical animal models of spinal *** To review all published studies assessing investigational growth factors for spinal fusion in animal models and identify promising agents for *** We conducted a systematic review of the literature using PubMed, Embase,Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases with searches run on May 29 th,2018. The search query was designed to include all non-human, preclinical animal models of spinal fusion reported in the literature without a timespan limit. Extracted data for each model included surgical approach, level of fusion,animal species and breed, animal age and sex, and any other relevant characteristics. The dosages/sizes of all implant materials, spinal fusion rates,and follow-up time points were recorded. The data were analyzed and the results reported in tables and text. PRISMA guidelines were followed for this systematic *** Twenty-six articles were included in this study, comprising 14 experimental growth factors: AB204(n = 1); angiopoietin 1(n = 1); calcitonin(n = 3);erythropoietin(n = 1); basic fibroblast growth factor(n = 1); growth differentiation factor 5(n = 4), combined insulin-like growth factor 1 +transforming growth factor beta(n = 4); insulin(n = 1); NELL-1(n = 5); noggin(n= 1); P-15(n = 1); peptide B2 A(n = 2); and secreted phosphoprotein 24(n = 1).The fusion rates of the current gold sta

关键词： Spinal fusion Growth factor Pseudoarthrosis Systematic review

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Market Risk Analysis, Practical financial Econometrics 1

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丛书名： The Wiley finance Series

2008年

作者： alexander Carol

ISBN: (数字)9780470771037

ISBN: (纸本)9780470998014

Written by leading market risk academic, Professor Carol alexander, Practical financial Econometrics forms part two of the Market Risk Analysis four volume set. It introduces the econometric techniques that are commonly applied to finance with a critical and selective exposition, emphasising the areas of econometrics, such as GARCH, cointegration and copulas that are required for resolving problems in market risk analysis. The book covers material for a one-semester graduate course in applied financial econometrics in a very pedagogical fashion as each time a concept is introduced an empirical example is given, and whenever possible this is illustrated with an Excel spreadsheet. All together, the Market Risk Analysis four volume set illustrates virtually every concept or formula with a practical, numerical example or a longer, empirical case study. Across all four volumes there are approximately 300 numerical and empirical examples, 400 graphs and figures and 30 case studies many of which are contained in interactive Excel spreadsheets available from the the accompanying CD-ROM . Empirical examples and case studies specific to this volume include: factor analysis with orthogonal regressions and using principal component factors; Estimation of symmetric and asymmetric, normal and Student t GARCH and E-GARCH parameters; Normal, Student t, Gumbel, Clayton, normal mixture copula densities, and simulations from these copulas with application to VaR and portfolio optimization; Principal component analysis of yield curves with applications to portfolio immunization and asset/liability management; Simulation of normal mixture and Markov switching GARCH returns; Cointegration based index tracking and pairs trading, with error correction and impulse response modelling; Markov switching regression models (Eviews code); GARCH term structure forecasting with volatility targeting; Non-linear quantile regressions with applications to hedging.

关键词： market academic risk professor analysis practical forms financial part volume four finance commonly critical econometric techniques econometrics resolving problems onesemester fashion graduate

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Market Risk Analysis, Quantitative Methods in finance 1

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丛书名： The Wiley finance Series

2008年

作者： alexander Carol

ISBN: (数字)9780470771020

ISBN: (纸本)9780470998007

Written by leading market risk academic, Professor Carol alexander, Quantitative Methods in finance forms part one of the Market Risk Analysis four volume set. Starting from the basics, this book helps readers to take the first step towards becoming a properly qualified financial risk manager and asset manager, roles that are currently in huge demand. Accessible to intelligent readers with a moderate understanding of mathematics at high school level or to anyone with a university degree in mathematics, physics or engineering, no prior knowledge of finance is necessary. Instead the emphasis is on understanding ideas rather than on mathematical rigour, meaning that this book offers a fast-track introduction to financial analysis for readers with some quantitative background, highlighting those areas of mathematics that are particularly relevant to solving problems in financial risk management and asset management. Unique to this book is a focus on both continuous and discrete time finance so that Quantitative Methods in finance is not only about the application of mathematics to finance; it also explains, in very pedagogical terms, how the continuous time and discrete time finance disciplines meet, providing a comprehensive, highly accessible guide which will provide readers with the tools to start applying their knowledge immediately. All together, the Market Risk Analysis four volume set illustrates virtually every concept or formula with a practical, numerical example or a longer, empirical case study. Across all four volumes there are approximately 300 numerical and empirical examples, 400 graphs and figures and 30 case studies many of which are contained in interactive Excel spreadsheets available from the accompanying CD-ROM . Empirical examples and case studies specific to this volume include: Principal component analysis of European equity indices; Calibration of Student t distribution by maximum likelihood; Orthogonal regression and estimation of equity f

关键词： market academic risk professor finance analysis methods forms quantitative part volume four basics towards first step book financial risk properly readers huge currently moderate understanding high accessible university

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Linking IL-10 signaling with lipid metabolic programs in macrophages:dysregulated ceramide homeostasis drives colitis

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 2835-2836页

作者： Imke Atreya Markus f.Neurath Department of Medicine 1 University Hospital of ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie(DZI) ErlangenGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,York and coworkers identified the immunometabolic regulation of mono-unsaturated fatty acid(MUfA)pools and the subsequent increase in sphingolipid biosynthesis in TLR2-activated macrophages as an important link between impaired IL-10 signaling and the development of intestinal inflammation.1 Thus,targeted interference with the newly identified IL-10/MUfA/sphingolipid axis appears as a promising strategy to restore immunometabolic homeostasis in the intestine of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).

关键词： homeostasis impaired intestine

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Local Structure of Ge/Si(100) Self-Assembled Quantum Dots

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中国科学技术大学学报 2001年第3期31卷 282-288页

作者： alexander V. Kolobov a) onleavefromA .f .IoffePhysico TechnicalInstitute,StPetersburg,Russia (Joint Research Center for Atom Technology National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 4, 1 1 1 Higashi, Tsukuba 30

Local structure of uncapped and Si capped Ge quantum dots grown on Si(100) has been probed by X ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. It is found that the uncapped Ge dots are partially oxidized and partially alloyed with Si. The amount of Ge present in the Ge phase is found to be about 20 30%. In the Si capped sample, Ge is found to be dissolved in silicon, the fraction of Ge atoms existing as pure Ge phase being not more than 10%.

关键词：自相似锗量子点局域结构 EXAfS XANES

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Ab initio vibrational free energies including anharmonicity for multicomponent alloys

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 454-459页

作者： Blazej Grabowski Yuji Ikeda Prashanth Srinivasan fritz Körmann Christoph freysoldt Andrew Ian Duff alexander Shapeev Jörg Neugebauer Institute of Materials Science University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569 StuttgartGermany Department for Computational Materials Design Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbHMax-Planck-Str.140237 DüsseldorfGermany Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delft University of TechnologyMekelweg 22628 CD DelftNetherlands Scientific Computing Department STFC Daresbury LaboratoryHartree CentreWarringtonUK Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Skolkovo Innovation CenterNobel St.3Moscow 143026Russia

The unique and unanticipated properties of multiple principal component alloys have reinvigorated the field of alloy design and drawn strong interest across scientific *** vast compositional parameter space makes these alloys a unique area of exploration by means of computational ***,as of now a method to compute efficiently,yet with high accuracy the thermodynamic properties of such alloys has been *** of the underlying reasons is the lack of accurate and efficient approaches to compute vibrational free energies—including anharmonicity—for these chemically complex multicomponent *** this work,a density-functional-theory based approach to overcome this issue is developed based on a combination of thermodynamic integration and a machine-learning *** demonstrate the performance of the approach by computing the anharmonic free energy of the prototypical five-component VNbMoTaW refractory high entropy alloy.

关键词： alloys alloy thermodynamic

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时间距离提高伦理判断

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心理科学 2015年第4期38卷 905-910页

作者：严进楼春华 alexander Unger 浙江大学管理学院杭州310058 邮政储蓄银行浙江省分行杭州310003 国际管理研究所路德维希应用科学大学德国78351

本文从识解水平理论角度研究问题表征对伦理判断的影响。本文推断,事件的时间距离使得人们更容易形成高识解表征,能更好地辨别决策困境中的伦理原则;未来结果考虑特征高的管理者更关注决策的长期后果,也倾向于维护伦理原则。研究用两个... 详细信息

本文从识解水平理论角度研究问题表征对伦理判断的影响。本文推断,事件的时间距离使得人们更容易形成高识解表征,能更好地辨别决策困境中的伦理原则;未来结果考虑特征高的管理者更关注决策的长期后果,也倾向于维护伦理原则。研究用两个实验递进验证了假设。139位大学生被试参加了实验1,结果支持了假设;实验2采用92位MBA学生的样本重复检验结论,并进一步验证未来结果考虑如何调节影响时间距离与伦理判断之间的关系。

关键词：时间距离未来结果考虑伦理判断

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Why ‘the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau’ is a myth

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National Science Review 2021年第1期8卷 156-174页

作者： Robert A.Spicer Tao Su Paul J.Valdes alexander farnsworth fei-Xiang Wu Gongle Shi Teresa E.V.Spicer Zhekun Zhou CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Plant Ecology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of Sciences School of Environment Earth and Ecosystem Sciences The Open University School of Geographical Sciences University of Bristol Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences

The often-used phrase ‘the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau’ implies a flat-surfaced Tibet rose as a coherent entity, and that uplift was driven entirely by the collision and northward movement of India. Here, we argue that these are misconceptions derived in large part from simplistic geodynamic and climate modeling, as well as proxy misinterpretation. The growth of Tibet was a complex process involving mostly Mesozoic collisions of several Gondwanan terranes with Asia, thickening the crust and generating complex relief before the arrival of India. In this review, Earth system modeling, paleoaltimetry proxies and fossil finds contribute to a new synthetic view of the topographic evolution of Tibet. A notable feature overlooked in previous models of plateau formation was the persistence through much of the Cenozoic of a wide east–west orientated deep central valley, and the formation of a plateau occurred only in the late Neogene through compression and internal sedimentation.

关键词： Tibet paleoaltimetry paleogeography paleontology Himalaya

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The Membrane-Associated Sec1/Munc18 KEULE is Required for Phragmoplast Microtubule Reorganization During Cytokinesis in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2016年第4期9卷 528-540页

作者： alexander Steiner Lin Muller Katarzyna Rybak Vera Vodermaier Eva facher Martha Thellmann Raksha Ravikumar Gerhard Wanner Marie-Theres Hauser farhah f. Assaad Botany Department School of Life Sciences Technische Universitat Munchen Emil-Ramann-Street 4 85354 Freising Germany Department Biologie I Ludwig-Maximillians Universitat 82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences 1190 Vienna Austria

Cytokinesis, the partitioning of the cytoplasm following nuclear division, requires extensive coordination between membrane trafficking and cytoskeletal dynamics. In plants, the onset of cytokinesis is characterized by the assembly of a bipolar microtubule array, the phragmoplast, and of a transient membrane compartment, the cell plate. Little is known about the coordination between membrane deposition at the cell plate and the dynamics of phragmoplast microtubules. In this study, we monitor the localization dynamics of microtubule and membrane markers throughout cytokinesis. Our spatiotemporal resolution is consistent with the general view that microtubule dynamics drive membrane movements. Nonetheless, we provide evidence for active sorting at the cell plate and show that this is, at least in part, mediated by the TRAPPII tethering complex. We also characterize phragmoplast microtubule organization and cell plate formation in a suite of cytokinesis-defective mutants. Of four mutant lines with defects in phragmoplast microtubule organization, only morl microtubule-associated mutants exhibited aberrant cell plates. Conversely, the mutants with the strongest impairment in phragmoplast microtubule reorganization are keule alleles, which have a primary defect in membrane fusion. Our findings identify the SEC1/Munc18 protein KEULE as a central regulatory node in the coordination of membrane and microtubule dynamics during plant cytokinesis.

关键词： cytokinesis cell plate phragmoplast microtubule KEULE KNOLLE PLEIADE/MAP65-3

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Highly efficient THz four-wave mixing in doped silicon

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第5期10卷 806-811页

作者： Nils Dessmann Nguyen H.Le Viktoria Eless Steven Chick Kamyar Saeedi Alberto Perez-Delgado Sergey G.Pavlov alexander f.G.van der Meer Konstantin L.Litvinenko Ian Galbraith Nikolay V.Abrosimov Helge Riemann Carl R.Pidgeon Gabriel Aeppli Britta Redlich Benedict N.Murdin Radboud University Institute for Molecules and MaterialsHFML-FELIXNijmegenThe Netherlands Advanced Technology Institute and Department of Physics University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Institute of Optical Sensor Systems German Aerospace CenterBerinGermany Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences SUPAHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK Leibniz-Institut fur Kristallzuchtung(IKZ) BerlinGermany Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich8093 ZurichSwitzerland Institut de Physique EPFL1015 LausanneSwitzerland Paul Scherrer Institute 5232 VlligenSwitzerland

Third-order non-linearities are important because they allow control over light pulses in ubiquitous high-quality centro-symmetric materials like silicon and *** four-wave mixing provides a direct measure of the third-order non-linear sheet susceptibility x^(3)(where L represents the material thickness)as well as technological possibilities such as optically gated detection and emission of *** picosecond pulses from a free electron laser,we show that silicon doped with P or Bi has a value of x^(3)Lin the THz domain that is higher than that reported for any other material in any wavelength *** immediate implication of our results is the efficient generation of intense coherent THz light via upconversion(also a x^(3)process),and they open the door to exploitation of nondegenerate mixing and optical nonlinearities beyond the perturbative regime.

关键词： mixing wave Highly

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