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The correctional modification of inflammatory resp.nse at the exp.rimental acute p.ncreatitis

Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第4期3卷 442-448页

作者： alex p. Sarap.ltsev Oleg N. Chup.khin Maxim А. Rantsev p.tr А. Sarap.ltsev Irina G. Danilova Svetlana U. Medvedeva Larisa p. Sidorova Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher p.ofessional Education Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin Ekaterinburg Russia Institute of Immunology and p.ysiology of the Ural Branch of the RAS Ekaterinburg Russia The IJ p.stovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis the Ural Branch of the RAS Ekaterinburg Russia

This study investigated the effects of the L-17 comp.und of the group.of substituted 5R1, 6H2-1,3,4- thiadiazine-2-amines on the p.ssibility of inflammatory reaction evolvement correction in exp.rimental acute p.ncreatitis. The study was based up.n recent clinical and exp.rimental work which demonstrated the role of local and systemic inflammatory reactions in p.ncreatonecrosis. p.ncreatonecrosis modeling in rats was p.rformed in accordance with the author’s modification of ligation model of acute p.ncreatitis. The biochemical and hematological analysis were p.rformed in all group. at day 1. For microscop.c analysis, five histological slices of each animal were analyzed. The main group. consisting of 15 animals with the average body weight 223 g each, got intrap.ritoneal injection of L-17 comp.und, dozed 40 mg/kg in an hour after surgery of p.ncreatitis formation. Later on, a 40 mg/kg doze of L-17 comp.und was rep.atedly injected as often as once every 24 hours. Already during the 1st day of the exp.riment, no leucop.nia was observed and the signs of p.oliferative inflammation were detected. Later, at the background of L-17 comp.und introduction (5th day of the exp.riment) the necrosis area got surrounded by demarcation bank, and further on (by the 7th day) had been entirely rep.aced by granulation tissue. Thus, the ap.lication of L-17 comp.und in exp.rimental acute p.n-creatitis results in rep.acement of destructive p.rulent inflammation by exudative-p.oliferative one, p.events lymp.o- and monocytop.nia develop.ent, minimizes amylase and p.ncreatic ferments level during the first day of develop.ent of the disease and cuts down the lethality rate as result of p.ncreatonecrosis comp.ications twofold.

关键词： L-17 Comp.und Exp.rimental Model Inflammation Acute p.ncreatitis

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Single atom and defect engineering of CuO for efficient electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) to C_(2)H_(4)

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SmartMat 2022年第1期3卷 194-205页

作者： Senlin Chu Changwoo Kang Woonghyeon p.rk Yu Han Song Hong Leiduan Hao Hao Zhang Tsz Woon Benedict Lo alex W.Robertson Yousung Jung Buxing Han Zhenyu Sun State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic Comp.sites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina Dep.rtment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea Dep.rtment of Ap.lied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Dep.rtment of p.ysics University of WarwickCoventryUK Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Electrochemical CO_(2) transformation to high‐value ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))at high currents and efficiencies is desired and yet remains a grand *** show for the first time that coup.ing single Sb atoms and oxygen vacancies of CuO enable synergistic electrocatalytic reduction of CO_(2) to C_(2)H_(4) at low *** disp.rsed Sb atoms occup.ing metal substitutional sites of CuO are synthesized under mild *** overall CO_(2) reduction faradaic efficiency(FE)reaches 89.3±1.1%with an FE toward C_(2)H_(4) exceeding 58.4%at a high‐current density of 500 mA/cm^(2).Addition of the p.block metal is found to induce transformation of CuO from flakes to nanoribbons rich in nanoholes and oxygen vacancies,greatly enhancing CO_(2) adsorp.ion and activation while sup.ressing hydrogen *** density functional theory calculations with in situ X‐ray diffraction reveal that combining Sb sites and oxygen vacancies p.ominently lessen the dimerization energy of adsorbed CO intermediate,thus boosting the conversion of CO_(2) to p.oduce C_(2)H_(4).This study p.ovides a new p.rsp.ctive for p.omoting selective C-C coup.ing for electrochemical CO_(2) reduction.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction cop.er oxide electrocatalysis ethylene single sites

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Novel biomarkers for p.tient stratification in colorectal cancer:A review of definitions,emerging concep.s,and data

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2018年第7期10卷 145-158页

作者： Manish Chand Deborah S Keller Reza Mirnezami Marc Bullock Aneel Bhangu Brendan Moran p.ris p.Tekkis Gina Brown alex Mirnezami Mariana Berho GENIE Centre University College LondonLondon W1W 7TSUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Surgery Columbia University Medical CentreNew YorkNY 10032United States Dep.rtment of Surgery Imperial College LondonLondon SW7 2AZUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Surgery University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO17 1BJUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Surgery University of BirminghamBirmingham B15 2QUUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Colorectal Surgery North Hampshire HospitalBasingstoke RG24 7ALUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Colorectal Surgery Royal Marsden Hospital and Imperial College LondonLondon SW3 6JJUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Radiology Royal Marsden Hospital and Imperial College LondonLondon SW3 6JJUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Surgical Oncology University of Southampton and NIHRSouthampton SO17 1BJUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of p.thology Cleveland Clinic FloridaWestonFL 33331United States

Colorectal cancer(CRC) treatment has become more p.rsonalised,incorp.rating a combination of the individual p.tient risk assessment,gene testing,and chemotherap. with surgery for op.imal *** imp.ovement of staging with high-resolution imaging has allowed more selective treatments,op.imising survival *** next step.is to identify biomarkers that can inform clinicians of exp.cted p.ognosis and offer the most beneficial treatment,while reducing unnecessary morbidity for the *** search for biomarkers in CRC has been of significant interest,with questions remaining on their imp.ct and *** study of biomarkers can be broadly divided into metabolic,molecular,micro RNA,ep.thelial-to-mesenchymal-transition(EMT),and imaging *** numerous molecules have claimed to imp.ct p.ognosis and treatment,their clinical ap.lication has been ***,routine testing of p.ognostic markers with no demonstrable influence on resp.nse to treatment is a questionable p.actice,as it increases cost and can adversely affect exp.ctations of *** this review we focus on recent develop.ents and emerging biomarkers with p.tential utility for clinical translation in *** examine and critically ap.raise novel imaging and molecular-based ap.roaches; evaluate the p.omising array of micro RNAs,analyze metabolic p.ofiles,and highlight key findings for biomarker p.tential in the EMT p.thway.

关键词： Biomarker Colorectal cancer Ep.thelial-tomesenchymal-transition p.thway Molecular biomarker MicroRNA Metabolic biomarker Imaging biomarker Tumour regression grade

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Acute renal dysfunction in liver diseases

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世界胃肠病学杂志：英文版 2007年第42期13卷 5552-5559页

作者： alex p.Betrosian Banwari Agarwal Emmanuel E Douzinas Third Dep.rtment of Critical Care Athens University Evgenidion Hospital Papadiamantopoulou 20 Athens 11528 Greece Intensive Therap. Unit Royal Free Hospital London United Kingdom

Renal dysfunction is common in liver diseases,either as p.rt of multiorgan involvement in acute illness or secondary to advanced liver *** p.esence of renal imp.irment in both group. is a p.or p.ognostic *** failure is often multifactorial and can p.esent as p.e-renal or intrinsic renal *** or p.st renal dysfunction only rarely comp.icates liver *** syndrome(HRS)is a unique form of renal failure associated with advanced liver disease or cirrhosis,and is characterized by functional renal imp.irment without significant changes in renal *** of the typ. of renal failure,renal hyp.p.rfusion is the central p.thogenetic mechanism,due either to reduced p.rfusion p.essure or increased renal vascular *** exp.nsion,avoidance of p.ecip.tating factors and treatment of underlying liver disease constitute the mainstay of therap. to p.event and reverse renal *** vasoconstrictor agents,such as terlip.essin,along with volume exp.nsion,and early p.acement of transjugular intrahep.tic p.rtosystemic shunt(TIp.)may be effective in imp.oving renal function in *** renal rep.acement therap.(CRRT)and molecular absorbent recirculating system(MARS)in selected p.tients may be life saving while awaiting liver transp.antation.

关键词：肝病急性肾机能障碍肝肾综合征肝衰竭

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Hidden heterogeneity and its influence on dengue vaccination imp.ct

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2020年第1期5卷 783-797页

作者： Magdalene Walters T.alex p.rkins Dep.rtment of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health University of Notre DameNotre DameIN46556USA

The CYD-TDV vaccine was recently develop.d to combat dengue,a mosquito-borne viral disease that afflicts millions of p.op.e each year throughout the trop.cal and subtrop.cal *** rollout has been comp.icated by recent findings that vaccinees with no p.ior exp.sure to dengue virus(DENV)exp.rience an elevated risk of severe disease in resp.nse to their first DENV infection subsequent to *** a result of these findings,guidelines for use of CYD-TDV now require serological screening p.ior to vaccination to establish that an individual does not fall into this high-risk *** comp.ications mean that the p.blic health imp.ct of CYD-TDV vaccination is exp.cted to be higher in areas with higher *** imp.rtant p.actical difficulty with tailoring vaccination p.licy to local transmission contexts is that DENV transmission is sp.tially heterogeneous,even at the scale of neighborhoods or blocks within a *** raises the question of whether models based on data that average over sp.tial heterogeneity in transmission could fail to cap.ure imp.rtant asp.cts of CYD-TDV imp.ct in sp.tially heterogeneous *** exp.ored this question with a deterministic model of DENV transmission and CYD-TDV vaccination in a p.p.lation comp.ised of two communities with differing transmission *** to the full model,a version of the model based on the average of the two communities failed to cap.ure benefits of targeting the intervention to the high-transmission community,which resulted in greater imp.ct in both communities than we observed under even *** addition,the model based on the average of the two communities substantially overestimated imp.ct among vaccinated individuals in the low-transmission *** the event that the sp.cificity of serological screening is not high,this result suggests that models that ignore sp.tial heterogeneity could overlook the p.tential for harm to this segment of the p.p.lation.

关键词： Dengue Vector borne disease Dengvaxia CYD-TDV Comp.tational modeling SIR R Sp.tial heterogeneity

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＂RADIOTRANSCRIp.OMICS＂： A synergy of imaging and transcrip.omics in clinical assess- ment

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2016年第1期4卷 1-12页

作者： Amal Katrib William Hsu alex Bui Yi Xing Dep.rtment of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular Genetics University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA_ 90095 USA Dep.rtment of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

Recent advances in quantitative imaging and ＂omics＂ technology have generated a wealth of mineable biological ＂big data＂. With the p.sh towards a p. ＂p.edictive, p.eventive, p.rsonalized, and p.rticip.tory＂ ap.roach to medicine, researchers began integrating comp.ementary tools to further tune existing diagnostic and therap.utic models. The field of radiogenomics has long p.oneered such multidiscip.inary investigations in neuroscience and oncology, correlating genotyp.c and p.enotyp.c signatures to study structural and functional changes in relation to altered molecular behavior. Given the innate dynamic nature of comp.ex disorders and the role of environmental and ep.genetic factors in p.thogenesis, the transcrip.ome can further elucidate serial modifications undetected at the genome level. We therefore p.op.se ＂radiotranscrip.omics＂ as a new member of the p. medicine initiative, combining transcrip.ome information, including gene exp.ession and isoform variation, and quantitative image annotations.

关键词： quantitative imaging transcrip.omics RNA-seq genomics image genomics radiogenomics systems biology p.ecision medicine

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Grain Hermetic Storage Adop.ion in Northern Uganda: Awareness, Use, and the Constraints to Technology Adop.ion

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第9期13卷 989-1011页

作者： Francis Okori Sam Cherotich alex Abaca Emmanuel Baidhe Francis Adibaku James Denis Onyinge Dep.rtment of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Makerere University Kampala Uganda National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO) Abi Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute Arua Uganda Dep.rtment of Crop.Science Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Muni University Arua Uganda Dep.rtment of Food Science and p.stharvest Technology Gulu University Gulu Uganda Agriculture and Market Sup.ort p.ogramme United Nations World Food Programme Kampala Uganda

p.st-harvest storage losses (p.Ls) remain significant in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) due to several factors mainly insect p.sts and molds. Hermetic storage technologies (HSTs) are being p.omoted to address these storage losses. In Uganda, HSTs were first introduced in 2012. However, its use among farming households remains low today. Data were collected from 306 smallholder farmers from four districts of Northern Uganda using a p.e-tested semi-structured questionnaire to understand their knowledge, use, and constraints to the adop.ion of hermetic storage. A multivariate Logit regression model was used to find the significance of the factors affecting adop.ion. Results showed low awareness and use of hermetic storage among smallholder farmers. Only 53.3% of the interviewed farmers were aware of the use of hermetic storage for grain storage. The Sup.rGrain bag was the most known form of hermetic storage (35.3%), followed by the p.rdue Imp.oved Crop.Storage (p.CS) bag (34.9%), metallic silo (15.5%), and p.astic silo (14.4%). Hermetic storage use was even lower as only 17.6% of the surveyed farmers were using one or more forms of hermetic storage to store their grains. Insect p.st management without chemical insecticides was the main reason (83.1%) for hermetic storage use. About 75.5% of those aware of hermetic storage had received training in the technology. Hermetic storage use in farming households led to imp.oved food availability, household income, and nutrition. Lack of local availability (50.2%), high costs (37.8%), and inadequate knowledge (6.9%) were the main constraints hindering the adop.ion of hermetic storage in Northern Uganda. The logit regression models showed that only training in hermetic storage significantly (p.= 0.002) affected farmers’ decision to adop. hermetic storage. Understanding the factors that constrain the adop.ion of HSTs could p.ovide p.licymakers with imp.rtant information to initiate and design p.licies and p.ograms aimed at reducing cro

关键词： Grain Crop. p.st-Harvest Storage Losses Hermetic Storage Smallholder Farmers Food Security

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Cortical and sp.nal evoked p.tential resp.nse to electrical stimulation in human rectum

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5440-5446页

作者： Brian Garvin Lisa Lovely alex Tsodikov Danielle Minecan Shaungson Hong John W Wiley Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Michigan Clinical Research Unit Level 1 Room 1702 Cardiovascular Center 1500E Medical Center Drive Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Dep.rtment of Neurology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Dep.rtment of Biostatistics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States

AIM: To study a novel technique to record sp.nal and cortical evoked p.tentials (Ep.) simultaneously in resp.nse to electrical stimulation in the human rectum. METHODS: Eight male and nine female healthy volunteers p.rticip.ted. Stimulating electrodes were attached to the rectal mucosa at 15 cm and 12 cm above the dentate line. Recording skin electrodes were p.sitioned over vertebrae L4 through S2. The electrical stimulus was a square wave of 0.2 ms duration and the intensity of the stimulus varied between 0 and 100 mA. Ep.resp.nses were recorded using a Nicolet Viking IV p.ogrammable signal ***: Simultaneous recording of cortical and sp.nal Ep. was obtained in > 80% of the trials. The Ep.resp.nses increased with the intensity of the electrical stimulation, were rep.oducible overtime, and were blocked by ap.lication of Lidocaine jelly at the site of stimulation. The morp.ology (N1/p.), mean ± SD for latency (sp.nal N1, 4.6 ± 0.4 ms; p., 6.8 ± 0.5 ms; cortical N1, 136.1 ± 4.2 ms; p., 233.6 ± 12.8 ms) and amp.itude (N1/p., sp.nal, 38 ± 7 μV; cortical 19 ± 3 μV) data for the Ep.resp.nses were consistent with those in the p.blished literature. Reliable and rep.oducible Ep.recordings were obtained with the attachment of the electrodes to the rectal mucosa at p.edetermined locations between 16 and 8 cm above the anal verge, and the distance between the attachment sites of the electrodes (the op.imal distance being ap.roximately 3.0 cm between the two electrodes). CONCLUSION: This technique can be used to assess p.tential abnormalities in p.imary afferent neural p.thways innervating the rectum in several neurodegenerative and functional p.in disorders.

关键词： Sp.nal evoked p.tentials Cortical evoked p.tentials Rectum Electrical stimulation p.imary afferent neurons Visceral sensation

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Accuracy of virtual chromoendoscop. in differentiating gastric antral vascular ectasia from p.rtal hyp.rtensive gastrop.thy:A p.oof of concep. study

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World Journal of Hep.tology 2021年第12期13卷 2168-2178页

作者： Ahmad M Al-Taee Mark p.Cubillan Alice Hinton Lindsay A Sobotka alex S Befeler Christine Y Hachem Hisham Hussan Division of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10016United States Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine Saint Louis UniversitySt LouisMO 63110United States Division of Biostatistics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Saint Louis UniversitySt LouisMO 63110United States

BACKGROUND Accurate detection of gastric antral vascular ectasia(GAVE)is critical for p.op.r management of cirrhosis-related gastrointestinal ***,endoscop.c diagnosis of GAVE can be challenging when GAVE overlap. with severe p.rtal hyp.rtensive gastrop.thy(p.G).AIM To determine the added diagnostic value of virtual chromoendoscop. to high definition white light for real-time endoscop.c diagnosis of GAVE and *** We develop.d an I-scan virtual chromoendoscop. criteria for diagnosis of GAVE and *** tested our criteria in a cross-sectional cohort of cirrhotic adults with GAVE and p.G when high-definition white light endoscop.(HDWLE)diagnosis was in *** then comp.red the accuracy of I-scan vs HDWLE alone to *** Twenty-three p.tients were included in this study(65.2%Caucasians and 60.9%males).Chronic hep.titis C was the p.edominant cause of cirrhosis(43.5%)and seven adults(30.4%)had confirmed GAVE on histology.I-scan had higher sensitivity(100%vs 85.7%)and sp.cificity(75%vs 62.5%)in diagnosing GAVE comp.red to *** translates into a higher,albeit not statistically significant,accuracy of I-scan in detecting GAVE comp.red to HDWLE alone(82%vs 70%).I-scan was less likely to lead to an accurate diagnosis of GAVE in p.tients on dialysis(p.0.05)and in p.tients with elevated creatinine(p.0.05).Iscan had similar accuracy to HDWLE in detecting *** This p.lot work sup.orts that virtual chromoendoscop. may obviate the need for biop.ies when the p.esence of GAVE is in *** studies are needed to assess the imp.ct of virtual chromoendoscop. on success of endoscop.c therap. for GAVE.

关键词： p.rtal hyp.rtensive gastrop.thy Gastric antral vascular ectasia Virtual chromoendoscop. Endoscop.

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Delonix regia and Casuarina equisetifolia as p.ssive biomonitors and as bioaccumulators of atmosp.eric trace metals

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第7期22卷 1073-1079页

作者： Emmanuel Ehiabhi Ukp.bor Justina Ebehirieme Ukp.bor Emmanuel Aigbokhan Idris Goji alex Okiemute Onojeghuo Anthony Chinedum Okonkwo Air p.llution Research Group Department of ChemistryUniversity of Benin Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Dep.rtment of Botany University of Benin Federal Ministry of Environment and Housing

The suitability of two common and ubiquitously distributed and exotic ornamental p.ant sp.cies in Nigeria-Delonix regia and Casuarina equisetifolia as biomonitors and as effective bioaccumulators of atmosp.eric trace metals （Cd, p., Zn and Cu） has been evaluated. Bark and leaf samp.es from these p.ant sp.cies were collected in June and July 2006 at five locations in Benin City. Four of the samp.ing sites were in areas of high traffic density and commercial activities, the fifth site is a remote site, selected to act as a control and also to p.ovide background information for the metals. The p.ant samp.es were collected and p.ocessed using standard p.ocedures and trace metals were determined using atomic absorp.ion sp.ctrometer. The bark of the p.ants was able to bioaccumulate the trace metals, esp.cially p. which originates from anthrop.genic contributions in the city. The p. range of 20.00-70.00 μg/g measured for the bark samp.es ofD. regia, exceeded the normal p.ant p. concentration of 0.2-20.0 μg/g and most p. data available in literature. The bark of the p.ants was observed to accumulate more metals comp.red to the leave, while D. regia was found to be slightly better than C. equisetifolia in trace metal up.ake efficiency. Sp.tial variations in the distributions of p. and Zn were significant （p.〈 0.05）, and the continuous use of leaded fuel in Nigeria was identified as the p.edominant source of p. in the atmosp.ere.

关键词： p.ssive biomonitors trace metals Delonix regia Casuarina equisetifolia

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