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Weather Induced Quasi-Periodic Motions in Estuaries and Bays:Meteoro-logical Tide

China Ocean Engineering 2020年第3期34卷 299-313页

作者： LI Chun-yan HUANG Wei wu Ren-hao alex SHEREMET College of the Coast and Environment Louisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge 70803USA Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William and MaryGloucester Pt.23062USA School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment University of FloridaGainesville FL 32611USA

Influenced by weather, the estuaries and bays often exhibit recurring oscillations in flow and water level similar to astronomical tides. The weather impact however is less regular than tides and more difficult to predict. The spectrum of weather induced motions in estuaries and bays is mostly at the low-frequency end with time scales longer than those of diurnal tides. The repeated weather impact produces meteorological tide: the recurring flood and ebb and flushing of the estuaries and bays but at lower frequencies than those of tides. The variation in weather conditions is quasi-periodic and of large scale nature(~1000-3000 km) because of the alternating low-and high-atmospheric pressure systems of extra-tropical cyclones and anti-cyclones and associated fronts. By examining 40 years of data between Jan. 1, 1977 and Dec. 31, 2016, we identified 1648 frontal events(averaging ~41.2±4.7 per year)influencing the northern Gulf of Mexico for time periods in the spring, fall and winter. The late spring and summer months(May, Jun, July, and August) were not included in the calculation because of much weaker activities involving synoptic weather systems with fronts during these months. It is found that the number of frontal events reached the maximum in Jan. and Dec. while the minimum occurred in April and Sept. It is found that there is an increasing trend of number of fronts over the 40-year period. Our data show that the low pass filtered water level,velocity, and vorticity(velocity shear) all vary in response to the weather and appear as the meteorological tide. The particle excursions of meteorological tides are much larger than those from the astronomical tides. In addition, the irregular nature of the meteorological tide makes the inward flux and outward flux asymmetric in general and thus it has a significant implication to dispersion and transport of waterborne materials. A scaling analysis shows that the meteorological tide generally reaches quasi-steady state;and as a result, a regression model is establishe

关键词： meteorological tide atmospheric fronts particle excursion quasi-steady state northern Gulf of Mexico estuarine exchange flows

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Enhancing IoT anomaly detection performance for federated learning

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Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第3期8卷 314-323页

作者： Brett Weinger Jinoh Kim alex Sim Makiya Nakashima Nour Moustafa K.John wu Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCAUSA Texas A&M University CommerceTXUSA University of New South Wales CanberraAustralia

Federated Learning (FL) with mobile computing and the Internet of Things (IoT) is an effective cooperative learning approach. However, several technical challenges still need to be addressed. For instance, dividing the training process among several devices may impact the performance of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, often significantly degrading prediction accuracy compared to centralized learning. One of the primary reasons for such performance degradation is that each device can access only a small fraction of data (that it generates), which limits the efficacy of the local ML model constructed on that device. The performance degradation could be exacerbated when the participating devices produce different classes of events, which is known as the class balance problem. Moreover, if the participating devices are of different types, each device may never observe the same types of events, which leads to the device heterogeneity problem. In this study, we investigate how data augmentation can be applied to address these challenges and improving detection performance in an anomaly detection task using IoT datasets. Our extensive experimental results with three publicly accessible IoT datasets show the performance improvement of up to 22.9% with the approach of data augmentation, compared to the baseline (without relying on data augmentation). In particular, stratified random sampling and uniform random sampling show the best improvement in detection performance with only a modest increase in computation time, whereas the data augmentation scheme using Generative Adversarial Networks is the most time-consuming with limited performance benefits.

关键词： Data augmentation Federated learning Internet of things Anomaly detection Machine learning

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Inclusion Characterization in High Strength Low Alloy Steel for Pipeline Application

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2011年第S1期18卷 762-768页

作者： wu Paul McLean alex Dept.Mat.Sci.& Eng. University of TorontoOntarioCanada M5S 3E4

In this work several methods including sulphur printing,modified spark spectrum analysis and SPEED-SEM-EDX methods were used to study the morphology,composition and distribution of inclusions in pipeline steel.The procedure for the last-mentioned method includes:metal sample preparation using Selective Potentiostatic Etching by Electrolytic Dissolution (SPEED) together with inclusion observation and detection using SEM-EDX equipment.The results of sulphur printing and spark spectrum analysis showed that there was a well-defined centerline containing relatively high concentrations of sulphur in the steel slab studied in this work.The results of SEM study showed that most inclusions found in the steel samples were globular in morphology,and roughly 2-5 micrometers in size.The inclusions were rich in sulphur and manganese.Some inclusions with a bright globular shape contained Al,Ca,Mn and S,and were likely composed of MnS,CaS and calcium aluminate.It was concluded that sulphur printing is a convenient and inexpensive method for inclusion analysis,Spark Spectrum Analysis provides a complete and self-contained technique for inclusion detection,and the SPEED-SEM-EDX procedure is best suited for in-situ and three-dimensional observation of inclusions.

关键词： pipeline steel inclusion detection segregation sulphide continuous casting HIC cracking

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冷机械的温情记忆——“中国制造”老相机

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收藏 2013年第4期 126-131页

作者：潘璐华 Alex Wu

对于很多人来说,胶片和机械快门组成的,不仅是回忆,也是情结。共和国同龄人,如今依然能回忆起父辈用整年积蓄买下一部国产相机时的表情,而他们的相册中,也依然保留着自己亲手留下的,关于那个逝去时代的光影记忆。

关键词：照相机胶片相机海鸥记忆

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Surface effects on static bending of nanowires based on non-local elasticity theory

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第5期25卷 520-524页

作者： Quan wu alex A.Volinsky Lijie Qiao Yanjing Su Corrosion and Protection Center Key Laboratory for Environmental Fracture (MOE) University of Science and Technology Beijing Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Florida

The surface elasticity and non-local elasticity effects on the elastic behavior of statically bent nanowires are investigated in the present investigation. Explicit solutions are presented to evaluate the surface stress and non-local elasticity effects with various boundary conditions.Compared with the classical Euler beam, a nanowire with surface stress and/or non-local elasticity can be either stiffer or less stiff, depending on the boundary conditions. The concept of surface non-local elasticity was proposed and its physical interpretation discussed to explain the combined effect of surface elasticity and non-local elasticity. The effect of the nanowire size on its elastic bending behavior was investigated. The results obtained herein are helpful to characterize mechanical properties of nanowires and aid nanowire-based devices design.

关键词： Surface effect Non-local elasticity Nanowires Size effect Euler–Bernoulli beam

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设计丰收在崇明

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明日风尚 2012年第10期 66-87页

作者：皮人潘 Alex Wu

如今的城市农民越来越多,平日在自家屋顶阳台种菜,周末去郊外种田。迫于食品安全与身心休憩的需要,很多人开始反思自己的生活,即使无意成为农夫,也会偶时远足,呼吸呼吸新鲜空气,放慢生活节奏,体验农间生活。这种回归乡野的意愿,无形中... 详细信息

如今的城市农民越来越多,平日在自家屋顶阳台种菜,周末去郊外种田。迫于食品安全与身心休憩的需要,很多人开始反思自己的生活,即使无意成为农夫,也会偶时远足,呼吸呼吸新鲜空气,放慢生活节奏,体验农间生活。这种回归乡野的意愿,无形中促使民间形成交流的市集,人们拿着自己种的无公害蔬菜、自己做的无添加果酱到市集上售卖。城市与乡间就这样联系起来。在今年端午节前,"设计丰收"发出一张漂亮的海报,写着"梅雨晴时插秧鼓,五色新丝缠角粽。设计丰收邀请你来崇明过一个田间端午节"。这个活动吸引了很多人,有的呼朋唤友,有的拖家带口,上午在农家包粽子,中午户外野餐,下午田间插秧。农家乐采摘很常见,但这种形式的活动并不多见,浓郁的文化气息,精心设计的海报与包装,干净整洁的农场秩序井然,这里看似粗犷,却处处周到。设计的介入令务农之事不再局限于自发性的个体行为,它成为了一个体系,一种前所未有的模式。

关键词：城市资源设计创意旅游路线文化附加值战略设计执行团队交互关系苏南模式家用电器产品可持

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Retinal microvasculature is a potential biomarker for acute mountain sickness

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 1290-1302页

作者： Yuan Xie Diya Yang alex S.Huang Yiquan Yang Ying Han Yunxiao Sun Kai Cao Huaizhou Wang Shizheng wu Qiang Zhu Guozhong Wang Tianyi wu Ningli Wang Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing100730China Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100005China The Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology Shiley Eye InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCA92121USA Department of Ophthalmology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA94143USA Institution of Geriatric Qinghai Provincial Hospital Xining810007China Department of Ultrasound Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100730China Department of Hyperbaric and Hypobaric Chamber Civil Aviation General HospitalBeijing100025China National Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine China High Altitude Medical Research InstituteXining810012China

Increased cerebral blood flow resulting from altered capillary level autoregulation at high altitudes leads to capillary overperfusion and then vasogenic cerebral edema,which is the leading hypothesis of acute mountain sickness(AMS).However,studies on cerebral blood flow in AMS have been mostly restricted to gross cerebrovascular endpoints as opposed to the microvasculature.This study aimed to investigate ocular microcirculation alterations,the only visualized capillaries in the central neural system(CNS),during early-stage AMS using a hypobaric chamber.This study found that after high altitude simulation,the optic nerve showed retinal nerve fiber layer thickening(P=0.004–0.018)in some locations,and the area of the optic nerve subarachnoid space(P=0.004)enlarged.Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)showed increased retinal radial peripapillary capillary(RPC)flow density(P=0.003–0.046),particularly on the nasal side of the nerve.The AMSpositive group had the largest increases in RPC flow density in the nasal sector(AMS-positive,?3.21±2.37;AMS-negative,?0.01±2.16,P=0.004).Among multiple ocular changes,OCTA increase in RPC flow density was associated with simulated early-stage AMS symptoms(beta=0.222,95%CI,0.009–0.435,P=0.042).The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve(AUC)for the changes in RPC flow density to predict early-stage AMS outcomes was 0.882(95%CI,0.746–0.998).The results further confirmed that overperfusion of microvascular beds is the key pathophysiologic change in early-stage AMS.RPC OCTA endpoints may serve as a rapid,noninvasive potential biomarker for CNS microvascular changes and AMS development during risk assessment of individuals at high altitudes.

关键词： optical coherence tomography angiography retinal microvasculature acute mountain sickness

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老王家具店:老皮壳有老风骨

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明日风尚 2012年第Z1期 116-119页

作者：皮人潘 Alex Wu

留住老木料复古盛行之下,仿古家具一时兴起。形式可以效仿,漆面可以做旧,但木料本身历经沧桑后的性情却是无法仿制,木料之上凝聚的良苦匠心与积淀数十载的精湛工艺更是难以复制。一方老木料,在不谙情故的人眼里,不过是一堆废料,而在懂... 详细信息

留住老木料复古盛行之下,仿古家具一时兴起。形式可以效仿,漆面可以做旧,但木料本身历经沧桑后的性情却是无法仿制,木料之上凝聚的良苦匠心与积淀数十载的精湛工艺更是难以复制。一方老木料,在不谙情故的人眼里,不过是一堆废料,而在懂道人的眼里,便是稀物,是留一件少一件的好东西。从一件家具里觊觎历史,是最简单不过的事情,它的纹理写着年岁,颜色绘出审美情趣,雕花刻下匠人技艺,包浆里藏着时间的灰尘。它们经历过油盐酱醋和樟脑丸,也经历过漂泊辗转甚至战乱,故事自是无法言说,精气神却失不去。上了年纪的家具需要养护,延长寿命。

关键词：一时兴起王老板皮壳古典家具家老我自己精气神就这样费周折沉默少语

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城市禅静之所:独具东方美感的中国设计酒店

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明日风尚 2012年第6期 118-122页

作者：皮人潘 Alex Wu 贝轩大公馆

不同于城市郊外的度假村,市区内部的酒店大都精致小巧。一直以来,"便捷"是以商务酒店为代表的都会酒店最重要的诉求。设计酒店的出现,极大地丰富了旅者居住的感官体验。纵览国内各色设计酒店,实质上的设计酒店为数不多,其中尤数独具东... 详细信息

不同于城市郊外的度假村,市区内部的酒店大都精致小巧。一直以来,"便捷"是以商务酒店为代表的都会酒店最重要的诉求。设计酒店的出现,极大地丰富了旅者居住的感官体验。纵览国内各色设计酒店,实质上的设计酒店为数不多,其中尤数独具东方美感的设计酒店最有在地色彩。

关键词：精致小巧洗漱用品贝润生感官体验私人会所房地产经营上海新天地地区历史大宅二厢

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聆听房客的声音

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明日风尚 2012年第6期 130-131页

作者：皮人潘 Alex Wu 杨明洁设计顾问机构

有一种说法是"Hotel as Home",将酒店比作"家"。酒店作为旅途中的临时住所,与自己真实的寓所其实完全不同:观察空间的视角不同,体验不同,目的不同,需求不同。为了更细腻微妙地观察这些不同之处,思忖国内设计酒店的良莠,我们请到了几位... 详细信息

有一种说法是"Hotel as Home",将酒店比作"家"。酒店作为旅途中的临时住所,与自己真实的寓所其实完全不同:观察空间的视角不同,体验不同,目的不同,需求不同。为了更细腻微妙地观察这些不同之处,思忖国内设计酒店的良莠,我们请到了几位对酒店情有独钟的"房客"。他们有的是设计师,直接或间接参与酒店设计;有的是职业酒店评论家,或者如今热门的"酒店试睡员";还有旅游行业、酒店行业从业者——无论他们身居何种职业,他们的共同之处便是,热爱酒店,热爱旅途中的居住体验。

关键词： Hotel 行业从业者国内设计临时住所间接参与创意园艺术气息斯学中国味道顾问机构

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