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The wonders of BMP9:From mesenchymal stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and metabolism to regenerative medicine

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Genes & Diseases 2019年第3期6卷 201-223页

作者： Sami Mostafa Mikhail Pakvasa Elam Coalson Allen Zhu alex Alverdy Hector Castillo Jiaming Fan alex li Yixiao Feng Di Wu Elliott Bishop Scott Du Mia Spezia Alissa li Ofir Hagag Alison Deng Winny liu Mingyang li Sherwin S·Ho Aravind Athiviraham Michael J·Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Guillermo A·Ameer Hue H·Luu Rex C·Haydon Jason Strelzow Kelly Hynes Tong-Chuan He Russell R·Reid The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine ChicagoIL 60637USA Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development Section of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryThe University of Chicago MedicineChicagoIL 60637USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Rosalind Franklin University Chicago Medical SchoolNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA SIR Program Illinois Math and Science Academy(IMSA)AuroraIL 60506USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA The Department of Surgery Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIL60616USA

Although bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)initially showed effective induction of ectopic bone growth in muscle,it has since been determined that these proteins,as members of the TGF-b superfamily,play a diverse and critical array of biological *** roles include regulating skeletal and bone formation,angiogenesis,and development and homeostasis of multiple organ *** of the members of the TGF-b/BMP superfamily result in severe skeletal and extra-skeletal irregularities,suggesting high therapeutic potential from understanding this family of BMP *** it was once one of the least characterized BMPs,BMP9 has revealed itself to have the highest osteogenic potential across numerous experiments both in vitro and in vivo,with recent studies suggesting that the exceptional potency of BMP9 may result from unique signaling pathways that differentiate it from other *** effectiveness of BMP9 in inducing bone formation was recently revealed in promising experiments that demonstrated efficacy in the repair of critical sized cranial defects as well as compatibility with bone-inducing bio-implants,revealing the great translational promise of ***,emerging evidence indicates that,besides its osteogenic activity,BMP9 exerts a broad range of biological functions,including stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and *** review aims to summarize our current understanding of BMP9 across biology and the body.

关键词： Adipogenesis Bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs) BMP9/GDF2 Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) Metabolism Osteogenesis Regenerative medicine Tumorigenesis

Yellow Is the New Black?──美剧《女子监狱》里的人种与性向的交织

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戏剧与影视评论 2015年第5期 22-26页

作者： alex Yang li

对Netflix的原创剧《女子监狱》(Orang Is the New Black),剧界和粉丝的评论和反应一直呈现两极分化的形态。喜欢的理由很多:题材出位,人物有趣,情节总有惊喜。尤其对于性少数LGBT观众群来说,这种不拿异性恋当作理所当然的片子更是难得... 详细信息

对Netflix的原创剧《女子监狱》(Orang Is the New Black),剧界和粉丝的评论和反应一直呈现两极分化的形态。喜欢的理由很多:题材出位,人物有趣,情节总有惊喜。尤其对于性少数LGBT观众群来说,这种不拿异性恋当作理所当然的片子更是难得──这部片中两个女人在一起了反倒是常态。其实这正是这部剧的定位,暧昧而轻松的搔着主流观众和性少数人群不同的痒,随你看热闹还是看门道。

关键词：种族身份性少数女子监狱双性恋 Yellow Is the New Black 黑人女性主义

涂覆新一代涂层体系的光纤拉伸性能测试方法的探讨及改进

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现代传输 2011年第5期 55-59页

作者： Long Han Xiaosong Wu Steven R.Schmid Pratik Shah alex li Jackie Zhao DSM Functional Materials 1122 St.Charles St.ElginIL 60120USA 帝斯曼迪索特种化学(上海)有限公司

对于光纤制造商而言,拉伸强度试验是最简单的传统光纤力学性能评估试验。为光纤引入最新一代辐射固化涂层时,在测量光纤拉伸强度过程中遇到一些与试验相关的问题。人们怀疑这些问题与新一代涂层体系关键性能的变化有关。我们努力去了解... 详细信息

对于光纤制造商而言,拉伸强度试验是最简单的传统光纤力学性能评估试验。为光纤引入最新一代辐射固化涂层时,在测量光纤拉伸强度过程中遇到一些与试验相关的问题。人们怀疑这些问题与新一代涂层体系关键性能的变化有关。我们努力去了解究竟这些问题是与光纤内在特性相关(直接影响现场应用),还是仅仅取决于试验设置。通过仔细设计的实验,我们获得了一组由同一预制棒拉成的商用光纤,以及不同方法制成的不同涂层体系。研究了拉伸试验的设置(例如绞盘直径和夹紧技术)来理解新一代涂层性能及拉伸试验设置对光纤拉伸强度的影响。

关键词：光纤强度拉伸试验

Computer-based Creativity Enhanced Conceptual Design Model for Non-routine Design of Mechanical Systems

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第6期27卷 1083-1098页

作者： li Yutong WANG Yuxin DUFFY alex H B Department of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering China University of Petroleum Design Manufacture and Engineering ManagementUniversity of Strathclyde

Computer-based conceptual design for routine design has made great strides, yet non-routine design has not been given due attention, and it is still poorly automated. Considering that the function-behavior-structure（FBS） model is widely used for modeling the conceptual design process, a computer-based creativity enhanced conceptual design model（CECD） for non-routine design of mechanical systems is presented. In the model, the leaf functions in the FBS model are decomposed into and represented with fine-grain basic operation actions（BOA）, and the corresponding BOA set in the function domain is then constructed. Choosing building blocks from the database, and expressing their multiple functions with BOAs, the BOA set in the structure domain is formed. Through rule-based dynamic partition of the BOA set in the function domain, many variants of regenerated functional schemes are generated. For enhancing the capability to introduce new design variables into the conceptual design process, and dig out more innovative physical structure schemes, the indirect function-structure matching strategy based on reconstructing the combined structure schemes is adopted. By adjusting the tightness of the partition rules and the granularity of the divided BOA subsets, and making full use of the main function and secondary functions of each basic structure in the process of reconstructing of the physical structures, new design variables and variants are introduced into the physical structure scheme reconstructing process, and a great number of simpler physical structure schemes to accomplish the overall function organically are figured out. The creativity enhanced conceptual design model presented has a dominant capability in introducing new deign variables in function domain and digging out simpler physical structures to accomplish the overall function, therefore it can be utilized to solve non-routine conceptual design problem.

关键词： conceptual design non-routine design creative enhance model computer-based approach mathematical expression

Embedded Majorana islands

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期67卷 154-164页

作者： Jin-Xing Hou alex Weststrom Rui Wang Wen-li Yang Jian li Institute of Modern Physics Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127China Department of Physics School of ScienceWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310030China Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers Xi’an 710127China Institute of Natural Sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093China Peng Huanwu Center for Fundamental Theory Xi’an 710127China

Mesoscopic superconducting islands hosting Majorana zero modes(MZMs),or Majorana islands in short,offer a prototype of topological *** this work we investigate theoretically the model of a generic Majorana island tunneling-coupled to a singlepiece metallic substrate,hence an embedded Majorana *** show the crucial consequences of an interplay between the topological ground states nonlocally addressed by the MZMs and the metallic bath with coherent electron propagation:on the one hand,the topological degeneracy on the Majorana island can be preserved,by virtue of the particle-hole symmetry,despite the apparent bath-induced coupling between MZMs;on the other hand,the electronic interference in the metallic bath may lead to profound alterations to the renormalization group behavior of the hybrid system towards low energy/temperature compared with conventional Kondo *** work serves to establish the model of embedded Majorana islands as an experimentally relevant and theoretically intriguing problem particularly in the direction of topological quantum computation.

关键词： topological quantum computation Majorana zero modes topological qubit mesoscopic superconductor topological Kondo effect

Weather Induced Quasi-Periodic Motions in Estuaries and Bays:Meteoro-logical Tide

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China Ocean Engineering 2020年第3期34卷 299-313页

作者： li Chun-yan HUANG Wei WU Ren-hao alex SHEREMET College of the Coast and Environment Louisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge 70803USA Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William and MaryGloucester Pt.23062USA School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment University of FloridaGainesville FL 32611USA

Influenced by weather, the estuaries and bays often exhibit recurring oscillations in flow and water level similar to astronomical tides. The weather impact however is less regular than tides and more difficult to predict. The spectrum of weather induced motions in estuaries and bays is mostly at the low-frequency end with time scales longer than those of diurnal tides. The repeated weather impact produces meteorological tide: the recurring flood and ebb and flushing of the estuaries and bays but at lower frequencies than those of tides. The variation in weather conditions is quasi-periodic and of large scale nature(~1000-3000 km) because of the alternating low-and high-atmospheric pressure systems of extra-tropical cyclones and anti-cyclones and associated fronts. By examining 40 years of data between Jan. 1, 1977 and Dec. 31, 2016, we identified 1648 frontal events(averaging ~41.2±4.7 per year)influencing the northern Gulf of Mexico for time periods in the spring, fall and winter. The late spring and summer months(May, Jun, July, and August) were not included in the calculation because of much weaker activities involving synoptic weather systems with fronts during these months. It is found that the number of frontal events reached the maximum in Jan. and Dec. while the minimum occurred in April and Sept. It is found that there is an increasing trend of number of fronts over the 40-year period. Our data show that the low pass filtered water level,velocity, and vorticity(velocity shear) all vary in response to the weather and appear as the meteorological tide. The particle excursions of meteorological tides are much larger than those from the astronomical tides. In addition, the irregular nature of the meteorological tide makes the inward flux and outward flux asymmetric in general and thus it has a significant implication to dispersion and transport of waterborne materials. A scaling analysis shows that the meteorological tide generally reaches quasi-steady state;a

关键词： meteorological tide atmospheric fronts particle excursion quasi-steady state northern Gulf of Mexico estuarine exchange flows

Application of digital image correlation to full-field measurement of shrinkage strain of dental composites

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2013年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Jian-ying li Andrew LAU alex S. L. FOK Minnesota Dental Research Centre for Biomaterials and Biomechanics School of Dentistry University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

Objectives： Polymerization shrinkage of dental composites remains a major concern in restorative dentistry because it can lead to micro-cracking of the tooth and debonding at the tooth-restoration interface. The aim of this study was to measure the full-field polymerization shrinkage of dental composites using the optical digital image correlation （DIC） method and to evaluate how the measurement is influenced by the factors in experiment setup and image analysis. Methods： Four commercial dental composites, Premise Dentine, Z 100, Z250 and Tetric EvoCeram, were tested. Composite was first placed into a slot mould to form a bar specimen with rectangular-section of 4 mmx2 mm, followed by the surface painting to create irregular speckles. Curing was then applied at one end of the specimen while the other part were covered against curing light for simulating the clinical curing condition of composite in dental cavity. The painted surface was recorded by a charge-coupled device （CCD） camera before and after curing. Subsequently, the volumetric shrinkage of the specimen was calculated with specialist DIC software based on image cross correlation. In addition, a few factors that may influence the measuring accuracy, including the subset window size, speckle size, illumination light and specimen length, were also evaluated. Results： The volumetric shrinkage of the specimen generally decreases with increasing distance from the irradiated surface with a conspicuous exception being the composite Premise Dentine as its maximum shrinkage occurred at a subsurface distance of about 1 mm instead of the irradiated surface. Z100 had the greatest maximum shrinkage strain, followed by Z250, Tetric EvoCeram and then Premise Dentine. Larger subset window size made the shrinkage strain contour smoother. But the cost was that some details in the heterogeneity of the material were lost. Very small subset window size resulted in a lot of noise in the data, making it difficult to discern the g

关键词： Image correlation Dental composite Polymerization shrinkage Depth of cure

Mapping land subsidence over the eastern Beijing city using satellite radar interferometry

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第5期11卷 504-519页

作者： Zheyuan Du linlin Ge alex Hay-Man Ng li Xiaojing liyuan li Geoscience and Earth Observing System Group(GEOS) School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUNSW AustraliaSydneyAustralia Department of Surveying Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China

Beijing City has suffered from groundwater-induced subsidence since the late 1930s and the over-exploration of groundwater could lead to subsidence as much as−12.0 cm yr−*** studies on the ground deformation at Beijing City mainly focused on the period before the year of 2014 when a mega-engineering project was launched to reduce water shortage in *** study the most recent ground deformation,19 L-band ALOS-1 PALSAR images(June 2007–January 2011),24 C-band Sentinel-1 SAR images(June 2015–November 2016)together with 9 ALOS-2 PALSAR acquisitions(September 2014–February 2017)were analysed in this *** measurements were exploited to verify the ALOS-1-based time series InSAR(TS-InSAR)result while Sentinel-1 and ALOS-2 result were cross-verified with each ***,the whole study area was divided into four sub-zones,and the result indicated that the subsidence rates over five townships,Cuigezhuan,Jinzhan,liyuan,Songzhuang and Yanjiao were accelerating and more attentions should be *** the contrary,the town centre of Douge Zhuang township experienced a decreasing trend between these two ***,the time series measurements with respect to five selected measurement points and the profile line along the subsidence hot spots were analysed.

关键词： Subsidence Beijing groundwater SAR interferometry

Monitoring of ground deformation in liulin district,China using InSAR approaches

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第3期11卷 264-283页

作者： Zheyuan Du linlin Ge alex Hay-Man Ng Xiaojing li liyuan li Geoscience and Earth Observing System Group(GEOS) School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUNSW AustraliaSydneyAustralia Department of Surveying Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China

Coalbed methane(CBM)exploration generally refers to a technique that extracts natural gas from coal *** development of CBM in liulin,China,has experienced a significantly growth period during the past two *** research mainly focused on the coal geological background or CBM technique itself,while time series InSAR(TS-InSAR)technique was conducted in this work to study the potential land deformation induced by CBM extraction from 2003 to *** total,21 ALOS-1 PALSAR images(acquired from 22 December 2006 to 2 January 2011)and 14 ENVISAT ASAR scenes(captured between 29 October 2003 and 7 November 2007)were *** TS-InSAR outcome revealed that the annual deformation rates were ranging from 15 to−40 mm yr−1 over the study *** the time series deformation evolutions were analysed over 8 CBM sites(No.4 coal seam)out of 20,and the subsidence rates between 1.9 and−6.5 mm yr−1 were *** addition,the average subsidence rate and standard deviation among these eight measurements were−3.0 and 2.6 mm yr−1 respectively,suggesting that these CBM extraction sites were quite stable and no obvious subsidence had been observed during this eight-year period.

关键词： TS-InSAR subsidence measurement CBM