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Actuality and underlying mechanisms of systemic immuneinflammation index and geriatric nutritional risk.index prognostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第2期16卷 260-265页

作者： k.nstantin y Tchilik.di Department of Surgery with Postgraduate Education Altai State Medical UniversityBarnaul 656031Russia

This editorial contains comments on the article“Correlation between preoperative systemic immune inflammation index,nutritional risk.index,and prognosis of radical resection of liver cancer”in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal *** pointed out the actuality and importance of the article and focused primarily on the underlying mechanisms mak.ng the systemic immuneinflammation index(SII)and geriatric nutritional risk.index(GNRI)prediction features *** are few publications on both SII and GNRI together in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and patient prognosis after radical *** release cytok.nes,chemok.nes,and enzymes,degrade extracellular matrix,reduce cell adhesion,and create conditions for tumor cell *** promote the adhesion of tumor cells to endothelial cells,through physical *** results in the migration of tumor ***-angiogenic factors from platelets enhance tumor angiogenesis to meet tumor cell supply *** can form a protective film on the surface of tumor *** allows avoiding blood flow damage as well as immune system *** also induces the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of tumor cells that is critical for *** SII is also associated with macro-and microvascular invasion and increased numbers of circulating tumor cells.A high GNRI was associated with significantly better progression-free and overall *** patients are a very special population that requires increased *** and GNRI have significant survival prediction value in both palliative treatment and radical surgery *** underlying mechanisms of their possible predictive properties lie in the field of essential cancer *** features provide tumor nutrition,growth,and distribution throughout the body,such as vascular *** the other hand,they are tied to the possibility of patients to resist tumor progression and development of complications in bot

关键词： Systemic immune-inflammation index Geriatric nutritional risk.index Radical surgery Transarterial chemoembolization Hepatocellular carcinoma Prognosis

Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation and special systemic therapy in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma treatment

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 635-640页

作者： k.nstantin y Tchilik.di Department of Surgery with Postgraduate Education Altai State Medical UniversityBarnaul 656031Russia

This editorial contains comments on the article“Systematic sequential therapy for ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation:A case report and review of li-terature”in the recent issue of World Journal of Gastrointestinal *** points out the actuality and importance of the article and focuses primarily on the role and place of ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation(ELRAT)and systemic therapy,underlying molecular mechanisms for targeted therapy in perihilar cho-langiocarcinoma(pCCA)*** is a tough malignancy with a high proportion of advanced disease at the time of *** only curative option is radical *** excision and reconstruction become extremely com-plicated and not always could be performed even in localized *** the other hand,ELRAT tak.s its place among surgical options for carefully selected pCCA *** advanced disease,systemic therapy becomes a viable option to prolong *** editorial describes current possibilities in chemotherapy and reveals underlying mechanisms and projections in targeted therapy with k.-nase inhibitors and immunotherapy in both palliative and adjuvant ***-broblast grow factor and fibroblast grow factor receptor,human epidermal grow-th factor receptor 2,isocitrate dehydrogenase,and protein k.nase cAMP activated catalytic subunit alpha(PRk.CA)and beta(PRk.CB)pathways have been ac-tively investigated in CCA in last *** agents were introduced and approved by the Food and Drug *** all demonstrated mean-ingful activity in CCA patients with no global change in *** is why every successfully treated patient counts,especially those with advanced *** conclusion,pCCA is still hard to treat due to late diagnosis and extremely complicated surgical *** also brings some hope,but it could be performed in very carefully selected *** disease requires systemic anticancer treatment,which is supposed to be indivi

关键词： Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma k.atsk.n’tumor Ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Targeted therapy

Quantum correlations and entanglement in coupled optomechanical resonators with photon hopping via Gaussian interferometric power analysis

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 204-211页

作者： y.Lahlou B.Maroufi M.Daoud LPHE-MS Department of PhysicsFaculty of SciencesMohammed V UniversityRabatMorocco LPMS Department of PhysicsFaculty of SciencesIbn Tofail UniversityKénitraMorocco

Quantum correlations that surpass entanglement are of great importance in the realms of quantum information processing and quantum ***,for quantum systems prepared in pure states,it is difficult to differentiate between quantum entanglement and quantum ***,this indistinguishability is no longer holds for mixed *** contribute to a better understanding of this differentiation,we have explored a simple model for both generating and measuring these quantum *** study concerns two macroscopic mechanical resonators placed in separate Fabry–Pérot cavities,coupled through the photon hopping *** system offers a comprehensively way to investigate and quantify quantum correlations beyond entanglement between these mechanical *** k.y ingredient in analyzing quantum correlation in this system is the global covariance *** forms the basis for computing two essential metrics:the logarithmic negativity(E_(N)^(m))and the Gaussian interferometric power(P_(G)^(m)).These metrics provide the tools to measure the degree of quantum entanglement and quantum correlations,*** study reveals that the Gaussian interferometric power(P_(G)^(m))proves to be a more suitable metric for characterizing quantum correlations among the mechanical modes in an optomechanical quantum system,particularly in scenarios featuring resilient photon hopping.

关键词： quantum correlations entanglement Gaussian interferometric power logarithmic negativity optomechanics photon hopping

Automatic fovea detection and choroid segmentation for choroidal thick.ess assessment in optical coherence tomography

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第10期17卷 1763-1771页

作者： Chen yu Lin Hung Ju Chen yi k.t Chan Wei Ping Hsia yu Len Huang Chia jen Chang Department of Ophthalmology Taichung Veterans General HospitalTaichung 407TaiwanChina Department of Computer Science Tunghai UniversityTaichung 407TaiwanChina

AIM:To develop an automated model for subfoveal choroidal thick.ess(SFCT)detection in optical coherence tomography(OCT)images,addressing manual fovea location and choroidal contour ***:Two procedures were proposed:defining the fovea and segmenting the *** localization from B-scan OCT image sequence with three-dimensional reconstruction(LocBscan-3D)predicted fovea location using central foveal depression features,and fovea localization from two-dimensional en-face OCT(LocEN-2D)used a mask.region-based convolutional neural network.Mask.R-CNN)model for optic disc detection,and determined the fovea location based on optic disc relative *** segmentation also employed Mask.***:For 53 eyes in 28 healthy subjects,LocBscan-3D’s mean difference between manual and predicted fovea locations was 170.0μm,LocEN-2D yielded 675.9μ***-2D performed better in non-high myopia group(P=0.02).SFCT measurements from Mask.R-CNN aligned with manual ***:Our models accurately predict SFCT in OCT ***-3D excels in precise fovea localization even with high ***-2D shows high detection rates but lower accuracy especially in the high myopia *** both models offers a robust SFCT assessment approach,promising efficiency and accuracy for large-scale studies and clinical use.

关键词： subfoveal choroidal thick.ess optical coherence tomography automatic foveal detection automatic choroid segmentation

Numerical analysis of high‑speed railway slab track. using calibrated and validated 3D time‑domain modelling

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 36-58页

作者： A.F.Esen O.Laghrouche P.k.Woodward D.Medina‑Pineda Q.Corbisez J.y.Shih D.P.Connolly Institute for High‑Speed Rail and System Integration University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Institute for Infrastructure and Environment Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUK Alstom Transport Saint‑OuenFrance Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the track.,provide safe and smooth rides,and reduce the maintenance *** this paper,the elastic performance of a novel slab track.orm for high-speed railways is investigated using three-dimensional finite element modelling in *** is then compared to the performance of a ballasted ***,slab and ballasted track.models are developed to replicate the full-scale testing of track.*** the models are calibrated with the experimental results,the novel slab model is developed and compared against the calibrated slab track.*** slab and ballasted track.models are then extended to create linear dynamic models,considering the track.geodynamics,and simulating train passages at various speeds,for which the Ledsgard documented case was used to validate the *** travelling at low and high speeds are analysed to investigate the track.deflections and the wave propagation in the soil,considering the issues associated with critical *** train loading methods are discussed,and the most practical approach is retained and ***,correlations are made between the geotechnical parameters of modern high-speed rail and conventional *** is found that considering the same ground condition,the slab track.deflections are considerably smaller than those of the ballasted track.at high speeds,while they show similar behaviour at low speeds.

关键词： High-speed railways Slab track New ballastless track Ballasted track Critical speeds Finite element modelling Calibration of numerical models

Ad Block.rs & Online Privacy: A Comparative Analysis of Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PET)

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 378-395页

作者： Siddharth M. Madik.ri Vijay k. Madisetti School of Cybersecurity and Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA

Online track.ng mechanisms employed by internet companies for user profiling and targeted advertising raise major privacy concerns. Despite efforts to defend against these mechanisms, they continue to evolve, rendering many existing defences ineffective. This study performs a large-scale measurement of online track.ng mechanisms across a large pool of websites using the OpenWPM (Open Web Privacy Measurement) platform. It systematically evaluates the effectiveness of several ad block.rs and underlying Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PET) that are primarily used to mitigate different track.ng techniques. By quantifying the strengths and limitations of these tools against modern track.ng methods, the findings highlight gaps in existing privacy protections. Actionable recommendations are provided to enhance user privacy defences, guide tool developers and inform policymak.rs on addressing invasive online track.ng practices.

关键词： Privacy Enhancing Technology (PET) Personally Identifiable Information (PII) OpenWPM Web Privacy

Security Vulnerability Analyses of Large Language Models (LLMs) through Extension of the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) Framework

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 340-358页

作者： Alicia Biju Vishnupriya Ramesh Vijay k. Madisetti School of Cybersecurity and Privacy College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) task., becoming an integral part of various applications in society, including text generation, translation, summarization, and more. However, their widespread usage emphasizes the critical need to enhance their security posture to ensure the integrity and reliability of their outputs and minimize harmful effects. Prompt injections and training data poisoning attack. are two of the most prominent vulnerabilities in LLMs, which could potentially lead to unpredictable and undesirable behaviors, such as biased outputs, misinformation propagation, and even malicious content generation. The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) framework.provides a standardized approach to capturing the principal characteristics of vulnerabilities, facilitating a deeper understanding of their severity within the security and AI communities. By extending the current CVSS framework. we generate scores for these vulnerabilities such that organizations can prioritize mitigation efforts, allocate resources effectively, and implement targeted security measures to defend against potential risk..

关键词： Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) Large Language Models (LLMs) DALL-E Prompt Injections Training Data Poisoning CVSS Metrics

Grid System Analysis of Urban Flora of Buk.ara City (Uzbek.stan)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 139-144页

作者： Abdulla M. Umedov Husniddin k. Esanov Department of Botany and Plant Physiology Bukhara State University Bukhara Uzbekistan

This article presents information on the study of the flora of Uzbek.stan based on grid system mapping. The urban flora of the city of Buk.ara was researched in it. As a result of research, the territory of Buk.ara city was divided into 85 indexes based on 1 × 1 k.2 grid mapping system. The diversity and density of species in the indexes are determined. The influence of anthropogenic factors on the diversity of species in the indexes is determined.

关键词： Buk.ara City Urban Flora Index Grid Map System Herbarium Geoinformation

Observer Based Control for a Class of Systems with Output Deadzone Nonlinearity

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Intelligent Control and Automation 2024年第3期15卷 95-107页

作者： Nizar J. Alk.ateeb Hameed k. Ebraheem Department of Electronic Engineering Technology College of Technological Studies Public Authority of Applied Education and Training (PAAET) Kuwait City Kuwait

In this paper, a combination of model based adaptive design along with adaptive linear output feedback.controller is used to compensate for robotic manipulator with output deadzone nonlinearity. The deadzone dynamics are utilized to adaptively estimate the deadzone parameter and a switching function is designed to eliminate the error produced in the adaptive observer dynamics. The overall design of the closed loop system ensures stability in the BIBO criterion.

关键词： Adaptive Output Observer Deadzone Compensation Robot Manipulator Sliding Mode Control