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Plant-derived secondary metabolites as the main source of efflux pump inhibitors and methods for identification

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2020年第4期10卷 277-290页

作者： Armel jackson Seukep Victor Kuete Lutfun Nahar Satyajit DSarker Mingquan Guo Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina Unit of Research in Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances/Laboratory of Cancer Research Faculty of ScienceDepartment of BiochemistryUniversity of DschangDschangCameroon Laboratory of Growth Regulators Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR&PalackýUniversitySlechtitelu 2778371OlomoucCzech Republic Centre for Natural Products Discovery School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolL33AFUnited Kingdom

The upsurge of multiple drug resistance(MDR)bacteria substantially diminishes the effectiveness of antibiotic arsenal and therefore intensifies the rate of therapeutic *** major factor in MDR is efflux pump-mediated resistance.A unique pump can make bacteria withstand a wide range of structurally diverse ***,their inhibition is a promising route to eliminate resistance phenomenon in *** are excellent alternatives as resistance-modifying *** can directly kill bacteria or interact with the crucial events of pathogenicity,thereby decreasing the ability of bacteria to develop *** botanicals display noteworthy efflux pumps inhibitory *** plants are of growing ***,some plant families would be excellent sources of efflux pump inhibitors(EPIs)including Apocynaceae,Berberidaceae,Convolvulaceae,Cucurbitaceae,Fabaceae,Lamiaceae,and *** applicable methods for screening plant-derived EPIs include checkerboard synergy test,berberine uptake assay and ethidium bromide *** silico highthroughput virtual detection can be evaluated as a criterion of excluding compounds with efflux substrate-like characteristics,thereby improving the selection process and extending the identification of *** ascertain the efflux activity inhibition,real-time PCR and quantitative mass spectrometry can be *** review emphasizes on efflux pumps and their roles in transmitting bacterial resistance and an update plant-derived EPIs and strategies for identification.

关键词： Multidrug-resistant bacteria Efflux pump inhibitors Plant secondary metabolites Edible plants Efflux activity assays

Predicting and Curing Depression Using Long Short Term Memory and Global Vector

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5837-5852页

作者： Ayan Kumar Abdul Quadir Md J.Christy jackson Celestine Iwendi School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India School of Creative Technologies University of BoltonBoltonUK

In today’s world, there are many people suffering from mentalhealth problems such as depression and anxiety. If these conditions are notidentified and treated early, they can get worse quickly and have far-reachingnegative effects. Unfortunately, many people suffering from these conditions,especially depression and hypertension, are unaware of their existence until theconditions become chronic. Thus, this paper proposes a novel approach usingBi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) algorithm and GlobalVector (GloVe) algorithm for the prediction and treatment of these *** and fitness bands can be equipped with these algorithms whichcan share data with a variety of IoT devices and smart systems to betterunderstand and analyze the user’s condition. We compared the accuracy andloss of the training dataset and the validation dataset of the two modelsnamely, Bi-LSTM without a global vector layer and with a global vector *** was observed that the model of Bi-LSTM without a global vector layer hadan accuracy of 83%,while Bi-LSTMwith a global vector layer had an accuracyof 86% with a precision of 86.4%, and an F1 score of 0.861. In addition toproviding basic therapies for the treatment of identified cases, our model alsohelps prevent the deterioration of associated conditions, making our methoda real-world solution.

关键词： Emotion dynamics depression heart rate internet of things global vector long short term memory machine learning sentiment analysis

Bioinspired optical antennas: gold plant viruses

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Light(Science & Applications) 2015年第1期4卷 447-453页

作者： SoonGweon Hong Mi Yeon Lee Andrew O jackson Luke P Lee Department of Bioengineering University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Plant&Microbial Biology University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Biophysics Graduate Program University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

The ability to capture the chemical signatures of biomolecules(i.e.,electron-transfer dynamics)in living cells will provide an entirely new perspective on biology and *** can be accomplished using nanoscale optical antennas that can collect,resonate and focus light from outside the cell and emit molecular ***,we describe biologically inspired nanoscale optical antennas that utilize the unique topologies of plant viruses(and thus,are called gold plant viruses)for molecular fingerprint *** electromagnetic calculations for these gold viruses indicate that capsid morphologies permit high amplification of optical scattering energy compared to a smooth *** experimental measurements of various gold viruses based on four different plant viruses,we observe highly enhanced optical cross-sections and the modulation of the resonance wavelength depending on the viral ***,in label-free molecular imaging,we successfully obtain higher sensitivity(by a factor of up to 10^(6))than can be achieved using similar-sized *** virtue of the inherent functionalities of capsids and the plasmonic characteristics of the gold layer,a gold virus-based antenna will enable cellular targeting,imaging and drug delivery.

关键词： molecular sensor nanophotonics optical antenna optical spectroscopy plant virus plasmonics plasmonic resonant energy transfer(PRET) surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)

Pierre Koenig, 1925-2004

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Alpha-adrenoceptor antagonism by Crassostrea gigas oyster extract inhibits noradrenalineinduced vascular contraction in Wistar rats

作者： Neil jackson.

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第3期13卷 194-200页

作者： Kylie Connolly Douglas jackson Candice Pullen Andrew Fenning School of Medical and Applied Sciences CQUniversity Australia

OBJECTIVE： Crassostrea gigas oyster extract has been reported to have antioxidant, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering properties that may be useful for treating cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of C. gigas oyster extract on cardiovascular function in tissues from healthy rats. METHODS： Single-cell microelectrode and isolated thoracic aortic organ bath studies were performed on tissues from 8-week-old healthy Wistar rats, using varying concentrations of C. gigas oyster extract. To elucidate a mechanism of action for the oyster’s vasoactive properties, concentration response curves were carried out in the presence of a calcium channel inhibitior（verapamil）, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor（N G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester）, a potassium channel inhibitor（4-aminopyridine）, in addition to the α-adrenoceptor inhibitor prazosin. RESULTS： Oyster solution at 7 500 mg/m L inhibited noradrenaline-induced contraction in isolated aortic rings. Cardiac electrophysiology results showed that neither concentration of oyster solution was able to significantly reduce action potential duration at all phases of repolarisation in left ventricular papillary muscles from healthy animals. CONCLUSION： When administered to healthy vascular tissue, C. gigas oyster extract inhibits contraction induced by noradrenaline. This effect is likely to be mediated through α-adrenoceptor inhibition, and to a lesser extent, calcium modulating activity.

关键词： Crassostrea hypertension calcium channels receptors,adrenergic rats

Vaccinations in immunosuppressive-dependent pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第42期23卷 7644-7652页

作者： Huyen-Tran Nguyen Phillip Minar Kimberly jackson Patricia C Fulkerson Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati College of Medicine

AIM To determine the vaccination rates in pediatric immunosuppression-dependent inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and review the safety and efficacy of vaccinations in this *** The electronic medical records from October 2009 to December 2015 of patients diagnosed with IBD at 10 years of age or younger and prescribed antitumor necrosis factor alpha(anti-TNF-α) therapy were reviewed for clinical history, medication history, vaccination history, and hepatitis B and varicella titers. Literature discussing vaccination response in IBD patients were identified through search of the MEDLINE database and reviewed using the key words "inflammatory bowel disease", "immunization", "vaccination", "pneumococcal", "varicella", and "hepatitis B". Non-human and non-English language studies were excluded. Search results were reviewed by authors toselect articles that addressed safety and efficacy of immunizations in inflammatory bowel *** A total of 51 patients diagnosed with IBD prior to the age of 10 and receiving anti-TNF-α therapy were identified. Thirty-three percent of patients(17/51) had incomplete or no documentation of vaccinations. Sixteen case reports, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, and randomized trials were determined through review of the literature to describe the safety and efficacy of hepatitis B, pneumococcal, and varicella immunizations in adult and pediatric patients with IBD. These studies showed that patients safely tolerated the vaccines without significant adverse effects. Importantly, IBD patients receiving immunosuppressive medications, particularly anti-TNF-α treatment, have decreased vaccine response compared to controls. However, the majority of patients are still able to achieve protective levels of specific antibodies. CONCLUSION Immunizations have been shown to be well-tolerated and protective immunity can be achieved in patients with IBD requiring immunosuppressive therapy.

关键词： Vaccination Immunosuppression Earlyonset inflammatory bowel disease Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Identification in Polyploids： A Review, Example, and Recommendations

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Molecular Plant 2015年第6期8卷 831-846页

作者： Josh Clevenger Carolina Chavarro Stephanie A. Pearl Peggy Ozias-Akins Scott A. jackson Center for AppLied Genetic Technologies University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA Institute of Plant Breeding Genetics & Genomics University of Georgia Tifton GA 31793 USA These authors contributed equally to this article.

Understanding the relationship between genotype and phenotype is a major biological question and being able to predict phenotypes based on molecular genotypes is integral to molecular breeding. Whole- genome duplications have shaped the history of all flowering plants and present challenges to elucidating the relationship between genotype and phenotype, especially in neopolyploid species. Although single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） have become popular tools for genetic mapping, discovery and appli- cation of SNPs in polyploids has been difficult. Here, we summarize common experimental approaches to SNP calling, highlighting recent polyploid successes. To examine the impact of software choice on these analyses, we called SNPs among five peanut genotypes using different alignment programs （BWA-mem and Bowtie 2） and variant callers （SAMtools, GATK, and Freebayes）. Alignments produced by Bowtie 2 and BWA-mem and analyzed in SAMtools shared 24.5% concordant SNPs, and SAMtools, GATK, and Freebayes shared 1.4% concordant SNPs. A subsequent analysis of simulated Brassica napus chromosome 1A and 1C genotypes demonstrated that, of the three software programs, SAMtools performed with the highest sensitivity and specificity on Bowtie 2 alignments. These results, however, are likely to vary among species, and we therefore propose a series of best practices for SNP calling in polyploids.

关键词： genomics homeolog next-generation sequencing (NGS) peanut polyptoid single nucleotide poly-morphism (SNP)

Acupuncture for irritable bowel syndrome: A blinded placebo-controlled trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第26期11卷 4040-4044页

作者： Alastair Forbes Sue jackson Clare Walter Shafi Quraishi Meron Jacyna Max Pitcher St Mark's Hospital Watford Road Harrow HA1 3UJ United Kingdom

AIM:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder and many patients fail to find adequate relief from conventional therapies for their symptoms. This study tests the claim that acupuncture is effective for a majority of these patients. METHODS: A prospective, blinded, sham acupuncture-controlled trial of traditional Chinese acupuncture was performed at a single postgraduate teaching hospital in Europe. Sixty patients with well-established IBS were recruited. The blinded comparator was sham acupuncture administered by the second of two acupuncturists who alone was aware of the randomization, and who otherwise followed the prescription of the first. The primary end-point was a defined fall in the symptom score at 13 wk (by intention to treat). The prior expectation was a 30% placebo response, and a response rate of 70% from acupuncture, for which the study was adequately powered. RESULTS: Patients in treated and sham groups improved significantly during the study-mean improvement in scores being equal (minus 1.9) and significant for both (P<0.05; one-tailed t test). There was a small numeric but nonsignificant difference between the response rate in patients receiving acupuncture (40.7%) and sham treatment (31.2%). Several secondary end-points marginally favored active treatment, but an improved symptom score of any degree of magnitude occurred more often with sham therapy (65.6% vs 59.2%). For no criterion was statistical significance approached. CONCLUSION: Traditional Chinese acupuncture is relatively ineffective in IBS in the European hospital setting, and the magnitude of any effect appears insufficient to warrant investment in acupuncture services.

关键词： Acupuncture Complementary therapy Irritable bowel syndrome Traditional medicine

An unusual cause of acute anemia in an immunosuppressed patient

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第3期4卷 254-256,I0003页

作者： Jamak Modaresi Esfeh Whitney jackson Kianoush Ansari-Gilani Brian Putka Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Diagnostic Radiology Washington UniversitySt.LouisMOUSA

Gastrointestinal mucormycosis is an uncommon,invasive,opportunistic fungal infection with a high mortality rate,seen more commonly in immunocompromised *** lethal infection has a wide range of presentations,from colonization of peptic ulcers to infiltrative disease and eventually vascular *** we present a case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in an immunocompromised patient,which was proved to be secondary to gastric involvement by mucormycosis.

关键词： gastrointestinal bleeding gastric mucormycosis