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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期3卷 29-43页

作者： Simon Backhouse alex gentle School of Medicine Deakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia

The biological mechanisms of eye growth and refractive development are increasingly well characterised,a result of many careful studies that have been carried out over many *** the outer coat of the eye,the sclera has the ultimate impact on the restraint or facilitation of eye growth,thus any changes in its biochemistry,ultrastructure,gross morphology and/or biomechanical properties are critical in refractive error development and,in particular,the development of *** current review briefly revisits our basic understanding of the structure and biomechanics of the sclera and how these are regulated and modified during eye growth and myopia *** review then applies this knowledge in considering recent advances in our understanding of how the mechanisms of scleral remodelling may be manipulated or controlled,in order to constrain eye growth and limit the development of myopia,in particular the higher degrees of myopia that lead to vision loss and *** doing so,the review specifically considers recent approaches to the strengthening of the sclera,through collagen cross-linking,scleral transplantation,implantation or injection of biomaterials,or the direct therapeutic targeting and manipulation of the biochemical mechanisms known to be involved in myopia *** latest approaches to the control of scleral changes in myopia are,where possible,placed in the context of our understanding of scleral biology,in order to bring a more complete understanding of current and future therapeutic interventions in myopia,and their consequences.

关键词： Myopia sclera myopia control scleral strengthening

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Texas Helimak

Plasma Science and Technology 2008年第3期10卷 284-289页

作者： Kenneth W.gentle Fusion Research Center University of Texas at Austin Texas USA

Helimak is an experimental approximation to the ideal cylindrical slab, a onedimensional magnetized plasma with magnetic curvature and shear. The Texas Helimak realizes this approximation to a large degree; the finite size of the device can be neglected for many phenomena. Specifically, the drift-wave turbulence characteristic of a slab is observed with scale lengths small compared with the device size. The device and the general features of its behavior are described here. The device is capable of studying drift-wave turbulence, scrape-off layer （SOL） turbulence, and the stabilization of turbulence by imposing velocity shear.

关键词： plasma turbulence drift waves particle transport turbulence suppression

Withdrawing from Agrarian Livelihoods: Environmental Migration in Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第1期12卷 1-13页

作者： Binod CHAPAGAIN Popular gentle School of Archaeology and Anthropology the Australian National University School of Environmental Sciences Charles Sturt University

Although about two-thirds of Nepalese families depend on agriculture as their major source of income, the agriculture is mostly rain-fed and it has been adversely affected by water hazards and the subsequent degradation of resources. Based on case studies from three different geographical regions in Nepal, this research examines how environmental factors cause decreasing crop production and push people to abandon agriculture and accept emigration for employment. The research findings suggest a chain of push factors starting from drought or erratic rainfall causing water hazards, which impacts on depletion of crops and livestock, losses in income and employment and increased human mobility and emigration. The paper argues that the Government of Nepal and development partners can be more effective in enabling agrarian families to cope with the water hazards and shocks by formulating pro-poor mitigation and adaptation policies and strategies,focusing both on ‘rapid-onset' and ‘slow-onset' water hazards.

关键词： Agriculture Environment Migration Human mobility Nepal Water hazards

The role of functional materials to produce high areal capacity lithium sulfur battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第3期29卷 195-209页

作者： Masud Rana Bin Luo Mohammad Rejaul Kaiser Ian gentle Ruth Knibbe Materials Engineering School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of Queensland QLDSt Lucia 4072Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization(CSIRO) Manufacturing Business Unit36 Bradfield RoadLindfieldNSW 2070Australia

The lithium sulfur batteries(LSBs) are considered as one of the promising next generation energy storage devices due to the high theoretical specific capacity of sulfur(1675 m Ah g-1), naturally available, low ***, the practical LSBs are impeded by the well-known "shuttle effect" combined with other technical drawbacks. The "shuttle effect" causes rapid capacity decay, severe self-discharging and low active material utilization. The polysulfide(PS) which has lone pair electrons in each sulfur atom is considered as Lewis base and shows strong affinity to various polar, Lewis acid and catenation interactive materials but very weakly interacts with the non-polar conductive carbons. The "shuttle effect" occurs due to the diffusion of high order PS from the cathode to the anode and then low-order PS back to the cathode. The PS is polar and, due to a lone pair of electrons associated with the sulfur atom, is considered a Lewis base. As such, the PS shows a strong affinity with various polar and Lewis acid materials. In addition, a more novel trapping can be performance through a catenation reaction. For LSBs to compete with the state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries(LIBs), the LSB areal capacity need to be ~6 m Ah cm-2(which is proportional to sulfur loading). To achieve this target the PS shuttling needs to mitigate, which can be achieved through using functional materials. This review addresses the aforementioned phenomena by considering the PS phase interacts with the various functional materials and how this impacts areal capacity and cycling stability of LSBs.

关键词： Sulfur loading Specific capacity Areal capacity Polysulfides Chemical interaction

Separator coatings as efficient physical and chemical hosts of polysulfides for high-sulfur-loaded rechargeable lithium–sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第5期29卷 51-60页

作者： Masud Rana Ming Li Qiu He Bin Luo Lianzhou Wang Ian gentle Ruth Knibbe Materials Engineering School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologySt LuciaThe University of Queensland QLD 4072Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia State School Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures International School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina

Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)are promising alternative energy storage devices to the commercial lithium-ion ***,the LSBs have several limitations including the low electronic conductivity of sulfur(5×10^-30S cm^-1),associated lithium polysulfides(PSs),and their migration from the cathode to the *** this study,a separator coated with a Ketjen black(KB)/Nafion composite was used in an LSB with a sulfur loading up to 7.88 mg cm^-2to mitigate the PS migration.A minimum specific capacity(Cs)loss of 0.06%was obtained at 0.2 C-rate at a high sulfur loading of 4.39 mg cm^-***,an initial areal capacity up to 6.70 mAh cm^-2 was obtained at a sulfur loading of 7.88 mg cm^-*** low Cs loss and high areal capacity associated with the high sulfur loading are attributed to the large surface area of the KB and sulfonate group(SO3^-)of Nafion,respectively,which could physically and chemically trap the PSs.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur battery Separator coating Physical and chemical confinement Self-discharge High sulfur loading Specific capacity loss High areal capacity

Enhanced Electroactivity of Facet-Controlled Co3O4 Nanocrystals for Enzymeless Biosensing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2016年第1期32卷 24-27页

作者： Kuang-HsuWu Xue Leng Ian R. gentle Da-Wei Wang School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences the University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia School of Chemical Engineering the University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

In this work, we report enhanced electroactivity of Co304 nanocrystals （nanocubes, NCs and truncated nano-octahedra, TNO） on the exposed {111} facets as compared to the {001} facets in relation to the surface density and the activity of the octahedral Com species. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were em- ployed to characterize the crystal facets and materials properties. The enhanced electroactivity of {111 } crystal facets was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric titration. Our results indicate that the {111 } facets in TNO has a better electroactivity for enzymeless glucose sensing with a decent glucose sensitivity of 32.54 μA （mmol/L）-1 cm-2.

关键词： Co304 nanoparticles Crystal facets Glucose sensing

Direct Measurements of the Electron Energy Flux versus Electron Temperature Gradient in Tokamak Discharges

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Plasma Science and Technology 2004年第1期6卷 2130-2134页

作者： K.W.gentle M.E.Austin P.E.Phillips Fusion Research Center University of Texas USAFusion Research Center University of Texas USAFusion Research Center University of Texas USA

Electron thermal transport is one of the most complex processes in fusionplasmas. It is generally described by a simple thermal diffusivity in transport analyses ofdischarges, but there is evidence of critical gradient effects with moderate stiffness. By analyzingperiodic perturbations to an equilibrium, one canmeasure the variations in electron energy flux andelectron temperature gradient over the perturbation cycle, obtaining the flux as a function ofgradient over the range of parameters generated by the perturbation. Although time-dependenttransport analysis is very sensitive to noise in the input data, averaging over many cycles of aperiodic perturbation can provide data of sufficient quality. The analyses presented here are basedon the ECE temperature data with high spatial and temporal resolution and full profile coverage onDIII-D for sawteeth and modulated ECH heating.

关键词： tokamak discharges electron energy flux electron temperature gradient direct measurements

Comparison of Velocity Shear with Turbulence Reduction Driven by Biasing in a Simple Cylindrical Slab Plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2010年第4期12卷 391-396页

作者： K.W.gentle K.LIAO K.LEE W.L.ROWAN Institute of Fusion Studies University of Texas at Austin

In an experimental realization of the sheared cylindrical slab, the level of plasma turbulence is strongly reduced by application of a sufficient bias potential difference in the radial direction. Density fluctuation levels △nrms/n decrease by more than a factor of five. The ion flow velocity profile is measured spectroscopically from the Doppler shift of an argon ion line. Comparison of the shearing rates with the turbulent amplitudes as a function of bias show no relation between the shearing rate and turbulence reduction, contrary to expectations.

关键词： turbulence suppression shear stabilization velocity shear bias

“Soft” graphene oxide-organopolysulfide nanocomposites for superior pseudocapacitive lithium storage

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2018年第4期29卷 603-605页

作者： Yang Li Qingcong Zeng Ian R.gentle Da-Wei Wang School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales

We report a “soft” graphene oxide-polymeric organosulfide nanocomposite with improved pseudocapacitive performance for high-potential（1–2.8 V vs. Li^0/Li~＋）, high-capacity（278 mAh/g） and stable（500 cycles） l... 详细信息

关键词： Lithium ion capacitor Graphene oxide Organic cathode Polysulfide Pseudocapacitor

China's Industrial Policy in Relation to Electronics Manufacturing

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China & World Economy 2007年第3期15卷 33-51页

作者： Zhongxiu Zhao Xiaoling Huang Dongya Ye Paul gentle Professor School of International Trade and Economics University of International Business and Economics Beijing China. Professor School of International Trade and Economics University of International Business and Economics BeijingChina Associate Professor School of International Trade and Economics University of International Business and Economics Beijing China. Visiting A＇ssistant Professor School of International Trade andEconomics University of International Business and Economics Beijing China.

China has become the biggest exporter of electronic products in the world. Government policy intervention has contributed significantly to the rapid expansion of the electronics industry. The present paper examines the evolutionary development of industrial policies related to the electronics industry in China and the impacts of such policies on the shaping of the industry, ln particular, the relationship between foreign funded enterprises and domestic firms are examined in detail. The future trend of the industry is also discussed in the paper, and thepolicyfocus of the Chinese Government is predicted.

关键词： China electronics industry industrial policy