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Weakly-and Semisupervised Probabilistic Segmentation and Quantification of Reverberation Artifacts

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 67-81页

作者： alex Ling Yu Hung Edward Chen John Galeotti Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPAUSA Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPAUSA

Objective and Impact *** propose a weakly-and semisupervised,probabilistic needle-and-reverberation-artifact segmentation algorithm to separate the desired tissue-based pixel values from the superimposed *** method models the intensity decay of artifact intensities and is designed to minimize the human labeling *** image quality has continually been ***,when needles or other metallic objects are operating inside the tissue,the resulting reverberation artifacts can severely corrupt the surrounding image *** effects are challenging for existing computer vision algorithms for medical image *** reverberation artifacts can be hard to identify at times and affect various pixel values to different *** boundaries of such artifacts are ambiguous,leading to disagreement among human experts labeling the *** learning-based framework consists of three *** first part is a probabilistic segmentation network to generate the soft labels based on the human *** soft labels are input into the second part which is the transform function,where the training labels for the third part are *** third part outputs the final masks which quantifies the reverberation *** demonstrate the applicability of the approach and compare it against other segmentation *** method is capable of both differentiating between the reverberations from artifact-free patches and modeling the intensity fall-off in the *** method matches state-of-the-art artifact segmentation performance and sets a new standard in estimating the per-pixel contributions of artifact vs underlying anatomy,especially in the immediately adjacent regions between reverberation *** algorithm is also able to improve the performance of downstream image analysis algorithms.

关键词： image probabilistic anatomy

Do endemic species always have a low competitive ability? A test for two Mediterranean plant species under controlled conditions

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第3期5卷 305-312页

作者： Eric Imbert Sami Youssef David Carbonell alex Baumel Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution CNRS 5554Universite Montpellier 2France Institut Mediterraneen d’Ecologie et de Paleoecologie UMR CNRS/IRD 6116Universite Aix MarseilleFrance

Aims Many observations concerning biological and ecological differentiation between narrow endemic and widespread congeneric plant species suggest that narrow endemic species are constrained to colonize marginal habitats because of a low tolerance to *** this topic being an important issue both for understanding evolutionary processes leading to endemism and for conservation purposes,few studies have been performed to compare competitive abilities between endemic and widespread ***,we present two independent experiments performed under controlled conditions using two different pairs of endemic and widespread congeneric species:Centaurea corymbosa/Centaurea maculosa and Arenaria provincialis/Arenaria serpyllifolia,both endemic species occurring in rocky calcareous *** Mature seeds of *** and *** were sown in pots containing ramets of the common grass,Brachypodium *** were sorted in three treatments according to grass cover(low,intermediate and high).A control treatment(without competition)was also ***,seedling survival and rosette growth were *** the comparisons between *** and ***,seeds from natural populations were first sown without a *** week after germination,healthy seedlings were transplanted in pots without Brachypodium seedling(control)or containing two Brachypodium seedlings(low competition)or four seedlings(high competition).We checked the number of capsules per individual,and we harvested the biomass after capsule *** Findings Despite differences in the protocol design,results are congruent,and in both cases,endemic species are highly affected by the presence of a competitor,as are the widespread species,although we did not detect any differences between species for response to *** results are discussed in relation to processes leading to endemism,suggesting that the specialist model is more likely for both the

关键词： endemism conservation biology Mediterranean area competitive response

Welcome Address Third Asian Conference on Food Safety and Nutrition October 3,2 0 0 0 ,Beijing ,China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第Z1期 4-3+2-1+0页

作者： alex MALAS PINAPresidentofILSI

Development of sensor systems for precision agriculture in cotton

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2012年第4期5卷 1-14,F0003页

作者： Ruixiu Sui J.alex Thomasson Yufeng Ge United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceCrop Production Systems Research UnitStonevilleMSUSA Biological&Agricultural Engineering Department Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA

Precision agriculture(PA)is an information-based technology,using detailed information within an agricultural field to optimize production inputs on a spatially variable basis,maximize farm profit,and minimize environmental *** collection and processing plays a very important role in *** recent years PA technologies have been gradually adopted in cotton *** sensor systems for PA were developed and field-evaluated in cotton,including a plant height measurement system(PHMS),the Mississippi cotton yield monitor(MCYM),and cotton fiber quality *** PHMS used an ultrasonic sensor to scan the plant canopy and determine plant height in real time in situ.A plant height map was generated with the data collected with the *** plant height showed a close relationship with yield(R2=0.63)and leaf-nitrogen content(R2=0.48).The MCYM was developed for cotton yield mapping.A patented mass-flow sensor technology was employed in the *** sensor measured optical reflectance of cotton particles passing through the sensor and used the measured reflectance to determine cotton-mass flow *** tests indicated that the MCYM could measure cotton yield with an average error less than 5%,and it was easy to install and *** cotton fiber-quality mapping research involved a wireless cotton module-tracking system(WCMTS)and a cotton fiber quality mapping system(CFQMS).The WCMTS was based on the concept that a cotton fiber-quality map could be generated with spatial information collected by the system during harvesting coupled with fiber quality information available in cotton classing *** WCMTS was constructed and tested,and it operated according to design,with module-level fiber-quality maps easily made from the collected *** CFQMS was designed and fabricated to perform real-time measurement of cotton fiber quality as the cotton is harvested in the *** results indicated that the sensor was capable of accurately estim

关键词： sensor precision agriculture(PA) cotton yield monitor fiber quality plant height

Study of the Mechanism of Cadmium Induced Renal Cancer Progression

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Study of the Mechanism of Cadmium Induced Renal Cancer Progr...

作者： alex Tuffour 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

背景在过去的二十年中,肾癌一直在逐渐增加,医学成像试剂和方法的发展和广泛应用并不是这些疾病增加的唯一原因。镉(Cd)是一种自然的环境污染物,它累积在肾皮质中并引起慢性肾脏疾病,被是一种人们广泛关注的关键致癌物。以往的传统认识... 详细信息

背景在过去的二十年中,肾癌一直在逐渐增加,医学成像试剂和方法的发展和广泛应用并不是这些疾病增加的唯一原因。镉(Cd)是一种自然的环境污染物,它累积在肾皮质中并引起慢性肾脏疾病,被是一种人们广泛关注的关键致癌物。以往的传统认识是,镉主要在近端小管细胞中聚集时,它会引起许多相当非特异性的毒性作用,从而导致肾上皮细胞坏死或凋亡。然而,越来越多的证据表明,镉诱导近端小管损伤的主要阶段不仅包括细胞死亡,还包括细胞间粘附,细胞信号传导机制以及更特定的自噬变化。坏死和细胞凋亡发生之前观察到的几项毒理效应表明,镉可能是肾癌的基础。低剂量的镉已在肾癌中进行了评估。然而,镉对肾癌发展的影响仍然未知。这项研究的目的是确定低剂量镉暴露如何影响肾癌细胞并确定其作用机制。方法:本研究以Caki-1、786-O和769-P细胞系为研究对象,探讨镉诱导肾癌的相关机制。研究证实了低剂量镉对肾癌细胞存活率、细胞毒性和迁移的影响。此外,还研究了活性氧(ROS)的功能,COX2催化产物前列腺素E2(PGE2),Ca2+和环状AMP(cAMP)/蛋白激酶A(PKA)-环氧合酶2(COX2)的信号通路对细胞侵袭和迁移的影响。结果:结果表明,低剂量Cd暴露可促进肾癌Caki-1细胞的迁移,其迁移与Cd诱导的ROS和细胞内Ca2+水平无关。Cd暴露诱导的cAMP/PKA-COX2促进了细胞的侵袭和迁移,同时降低了上皮-间质转化(EMT)标记物和E-cadherin的表达,但Vimentin和N-cadherin的蛋白质表达却增加了。同样,当激活cAMP/PKA-COX2信号时,它会导致镉诱导的PGE2的反馈分泌,同时促进了肾癌Caki-1细胞的EMT,迁移和侵袭。结论:本研究的结果支持低剂量Cd暴露对肾癌细胞发展的影响并揭示其机制。这项研究的结果表明,低剂量的Cd暴露可增强细胞的侵袭和迁移,这是由于Cd激活的cAMP/PKA-COX2信号传导所致。另外,Cd通过诱导PGE2的分泌和合成来诱导肾癌细胞迁移和侵袭,而PGE2则反馈cAMP/PKA-COX2信号。

关键词：镉诱导肾癌进展机制

Analysis of Sustainable Materials Used in Ecovillages: Review of Progress in BedZED and Masdar City

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2012年第5期27卷 1004-1007页

作者：朱聃 Michael Kung Bill Whiteford alex Boswell-Ebersole College of Design Construction and PlanningUniversity of Florida College of Education University of Florida Florida 32611 USA College of Design Construction and Planning University of Florida Florida 32611 USA Levin College of Law University of Florida Florida 32611 USA

This paper explores reclaimed and recycled material used in ecovillages. The models discussed in this paper include BedZED in the United Kingdom and Masdar City in the Middle East. These two communities contain features characterized by the sustainable principles of the ecovillage concept by using non-traditional building materials. The creations of more ecovillages, along with the growth of current ecovillages, play an important role in positively solvening environmental and social problems. The sustainable materials used in the ecovillages also act as a model for communities wishing to implement sustainable development.

关键词： reclaimed materials green supply chain sustainable development ecovillage

Additive effects on tin electrodepositing in acid sulfate electrolytes

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第5期20卷 472-478页

作者： Fa-xin Xiao Xiao-ni Shen Feng-zhang Ren alex A. Volinsky School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Florida

The effects of additives on the stannous reduction of an acid sulfate bath were investigated using cyclic and linear sweep voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS）, and microstructure analysis. In the absence of additives, tin coatings are rough, and the tin electrodepositing is a single-step reduction process accompanied by hydrogen gas evolution. The addition of tartaric acid produces a slight reduction in the peak current of stannous reduction and has an appreciably positive effect on the stability of the acidic tin bath. Both benzylidene acetone and polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether hinder the stannous reduction and greatly suppress the hydrogen gas evolution. Formaldehyde slightly decreases the peak current density of stannous reduction and serves as an auxiliary brightener in the acid sulfate bath. The presence of mixed additives greatly suppresses the stannous reduction and hydrogen gas evolution and consequently produces a significantly smoother and denser tin coating. The （112） crystal face is found to be the dominant and preferred orientation of tin deposits.

关键词： electrodepositing tin additives stannous reductiOn

G-protein-coupled receptors mediate 14-3-3 signal transduction

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2016年第1期1卷 61-68页

作者： Hua Li alex Eishingdrelo Sathapana Kongsamut Haifeng Eishingdrelo BioInvenu Corp. East HanoverNew JerseyUSA and 2Rudder Serendip LLCMadisonNew JerseyUSA.

G-protein-coupled receptor(GPCR)-interacting proteins likely participate in regulating GPCR signaling by eliciting specific signal transduction cascades,inducing cross-talk with other pathways,and fine tuning the ***,except for G-proteins andβ-arrestins,other GPCR-interacting proteins are poorly characterized.14-3-3 proteins are signal adaptors,and their participation in GPCR signaling is not well understood or *** we demonstrate that GPCR-mediated 14-3-3 signaling is ligandregulated and is likely to be a more general phenomenon than suggested by the previous reports of 14-3-3 involvement with a few *** the first time,we can pharmacologically characterize GPCR/14-3-3 *** have shown that GPCR-mediated 14-3-3 signaling is phosphorylation-dependent,and that the GPCR/14-3-3 interaction likely occurs later than receptor desensitization and ***-mediated 14-3-3 signaling can beβ-arrestin-independent,and individual agonists can have different potencies on 14-3-3 andβ-arrestin *** can also mediate the interaction between 14-3-3 and *** work opens up a new broad realm of previously unappreciated GPCR signal *** GPCRs to 14-3-3 signal transduction creates the potential for the development of new research directions and provides a new signaling pathway for drug discovery.

关键词： signal media likely

On the Convergence Rate of an Inexact Proximal Point Algorithm for Quasiconvex Minimization on Hadamard Manifolds

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2017年第4期5卷 457-467页

作者： Nancy Baygorrea Erik alex Papa Quiroz Nelson Maculan Federal University of Rio de Janeiro PESC-COPPE-UFRJPO Box 68511Rio de Janeiro CEP 21941-972Brazil

In this paper,we present an analysis about the rate of convergence of an inexact proximal point algorithm to solve minimization problems for quasiconvex objective functions on Hadamard *** prove that under natural assumptions the sequence generated by the algorithm converges linearly or superlinearly to a critical point of the problem.

关键词： Proximal point method Quasiconvex function Hadamard manifolds Nonsmooth optimization Abstract subdifferential Convergence rate