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Mapping aboveground biomass and its prediction uncertainty using LiDAR and field data, accounting for tree-level allometric and LiDAR model errors

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 562-578页

作者： Svetlana Saarela AndréWästlund Emma Holmström alex appiah mensah Sören Holm Mats Nilsson Jonas Fridman Göran Ståhl Faculty of Forest Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesSLU Skogsmarksgränd 17UmeåSE-90183Sweden

Background: The increasing availability of remotely sensed data has recently challenged the traditional way of performing forest inventories, and induced an interest in model-based inference. Like traditional design-based inference, model-based inference allows for regional estimates of totals and means, but in addition for wall-to-wall mapping of forest characteristics. Recently Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)-based maps of forest attributes have been developed in many countries and been well received by users due to their accurate spatial representation of forest resources. However, the correspondence between such mapping and model-based inference is seldom appreciated. In this study we applied hierarchical model-based inference to produce aboveground biomass maps as well as maps of the corresponding prediction uncertainties with the same spatial resolution. Further, an estimator of mean biomass at regional level, and its uncertainty, was developed to demonstrate how mapping and regional level assessment can be combined within the framework of model-based ***: Through a new version of hierarchical model-based estimation, allowing models to be nonlinear, we accounted for uncertainties in both the individual tree-level biomass models and the models linking plot level biomass predictions with LiDAR metrics. In a 5005 km2 large study area in south-central Sweden the predicted aboveground biomass at the level of 18 m×18 m map units was found to range between 9 and 447 Mg·ha^-1. The corresponding root mean square errors ranged between 10 and 162 Mg·ha^-1. For the entire study region, the mean aboveground biomass was 55 Mg·ha^-1 and the corresponding relative root mean square error 8%. At this level 75%of the mean square error was due to the uncertainty associated with tree-level ***: Through the proposed method it is possible to link mapping and estimation within the framework of model-based inference. Uncertainties in both tree-level bio

关键词： Aboveground biomass assessment Forest mapping Gauss-Newton Regression Hierarchical Model-Based inference LiDAR maps National Forest Inventory Uncertainty estimation Uncertainty map

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瑞典南部Ostad区私有林多目标森林经营中期规划

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北京林业大学学报 2019年第2期41卷 97-105页

作者：任文子王新杰 alex appiah mensah 北京林业大学林学院北京100083 乔治-奥古斯都-哥廷根大学森林科学与森林生态学院德国哥廷根37073

【目的】根据瑞典私有林多目标经营的主要做法,对瑞典南部Ostad区进行为期10年的中期森林经营规划,以期实现木材收获和生态保护的双重目标。【方法】规划包括样地调查、Prod Mod生长预测、结果分析和计划制定。调查开展的时间为2017年10... 详细信息

【目的】根据瑞典私有林多目标经营的主要做法,对瑞典南部Ostad区进行为期10年的中期森林经营规划,以期实现木材收获和生态保护的双重目标。【方法】规划包括样地调查、Prod Mod生长预测、结果分析和计划制定。调查开展的时间为2017年10—12月,调查地点为Ostad区全区206. 27 hm^2的89个小班。【结果】根据规划,截至2027年共有15个小班、2 136. 40 m3的蓄积需要间伐,净收入为278 480. 80瑞典克朗; 33个小班、15 497. 00 m3的蓄积需要进行皆伐收获,净收入为1 481 695 838. 00瑞典克朗; 27个小班、45. 39 hm^2的面积需要进行更新,共花费1 804 742. 88瑞典克朗; 9个小班、13. 75hm^2的面积需要抚育,共花费18 956. 00瑞典克朗; 22. 87 hm^2的森林面积被增设为生态保护区范围。【结论】截至2027年,Ostad区将有170. 88 hm^2的面积作为用材林,35. 39 hm^2的森林面积作为生态保护区,总收益为14. 80亿瑞典克朗,净现值为12. 19亿瑞典克朗。在本次规划中,10年间收获量小于生长量,实现了可持续的基本收获目标;规划期末林分合理的年龄分布确保了稳定的年收入,扩大的生态保护区面积为区域内的动植物保护提供了重要场所。规划基本达到了木材收获与生态保护的双重目标。此外,规划仍存在一些不确定因素可能会对经营结果产生影响,如自然灾害、市场波动和气候变化,经分析,本规划将通过提高收益和调整经营树种来应对这些不确定因素。

关键词：森林经营规划瑞典多目标

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Characterization of Particleboard Produced from Residues of Plantain pseudostem, Cacao Pod and Stem and Ceiba

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第12期11卷 817-836页

作者： Stephen J. Mitchual Prosper mensah Kwasi Frimpong-mensah Emmanuel appiah-Kubi Department of Construction and Wood Technology Education Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Kumasi Ghana CSIR-Forestry Research Institute of Ghana KNUST Kumasi Ghana Department of Wood Science and Technology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

This study investigated the possible use of four agro-forest residues generated in Ghana as an alternative raw material for particleboard manufacture using cassava starch and urea formaldehyde as adhesives. The particle size of the materials ranged from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. An industrial pressing machine was used to press the homogeneous single layer particleboard. Physical and mechanical properties were determined in accordance with ASTM D 1037-06a and ASTM D 7519-11. The results indicate that the density of the particleboards produced ranged from 421 kg/m3 to 598 kg/m3. The water absorption property of the particleboards also ranged from 7.66% to 22.41% and 18.17% to 59.46% for 2-hour and 24-hour immersions respectively. Additionally, the thickness swelling of the particleboards ranged from 3.38% to 5.03% and 9.37% to 21.49% for 2-hour, and 24-hour immersions respectively. The results further indicate that the modulus of elasticity, modulus of rapture, internal bond strength and hardness of the particleboards produced for both cassava starch and urea formaldehyde were adequate. Comparatively, for all the agro-forest materials used for this study, the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards produced using urea formaldehyde as adhesive was better than those produced using cassava starch as adhesive. It could be concluded that the particleboards produced could be used for indoor applications or interior furnishings, under dry conditions. Additionally, it is recommended that further studies that combine cassava starch and urea formaldehyde as adhesives be conducted, as well as studies on combining Plantain pseudostem and Cacao pod in particleboard production.

关键词： Agro-Forest Residue Cassava Starch Particleboard Physico-Mechanical Properties Urea Formaldehyde

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Pediatric nurse-patient communication practices at Pentecost Hospital,Madina:A qualitative study

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2022年第4期9卷 481-489页

作者： Evans Osei appiah Stella appiah Samuel Kontoh Sarah mensah Dorothy Baffour Awuah Awube Menlah Michael Baidoo School of Nursing and Midwifery Valley View UniversityGhana Pentecost Hospital MadinaAccraGhana Purdue University West LafayetteUSA

Purpose:Delivering quality health care requires effective communication between health care providers and their ***-patient effective communication remains a challenge in Ghana,despite criticism and concern expressed by the *** study,therefore,aims to assess the effective nurse caregivers’communication practices among pediatric nurses at Pentecost Hospital,***:A qualitative exploratory and purposive sampling technique were *** were engaged in Focus group discussions or face-to-face *** all,4 focus group discussions were conducted with 7 participants in each group and 15 face-face in-depth interviews,with a total sample size of *** data was content *** were taped recorded and transcribed ***:The data analysis yielded 3 themes and 11 *** main themes were:effective communication practices,factors influencing effective communication,and attitudes towards effective *** study revealed how the participants communicated with patients who are deafmute,anxious,and those who refused *** addition,participants reported how they used techniques such as silence,listening,and leading cues in communicating with patients and their ***:Effective communication between pediatric nurses,patients,and their parents is ascertained to be a key tool in the delivery of quality health ***,several factors are found to hinder this therapeutic ***,further studies are needed to improve effective communication skills among pediatric nurses and their patients to enhance health care for children.

关键词： Attitude Communication Ghana Nursing staff Pediatric nurses Parents

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Parental Disclosure of Own HIV Status to Children in Two Ghanaian Regions;Examining the Determinants within a Child Vulnerability Context

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Health 2019年第10期11卷 1347-1366页

作者： Seth Christopher Yaw appiah Adeyemi Olu Adekunle Adesina Oladokun Jonathan mensah Dapaah Karikari mensah Nicholas Pan African University Institute of Life and Earth Sciences Including Health and Agriculture University of Ibadan (PAULESI) Ibadan Nigeria Department of Sociology and Social Work Faculty of Social Sciences Kumasi College of Humanities and Social Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University College Hospital University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Public Health Unit Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana.

Purpose: Parent informing children and adolescents about their own HIV infection status is crucial for harmonious and interfamilial relationship despite the associated dilemma. This study assessed the factors associated with parental disclosure of own HIV status to their biological children. Methods: The facility based cross-sectional design approach informed the recruitment of 192 HIV positive parents. This was done through a two-stage stratified (rural/urban) and random sampling technique across 7 ART clinics and hospitals in the Ashanti and Brong Ahafo regions in Ghana between June 2018 and June 2019. Data was collected through interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. Parental disclosure to children was defined as parent own verbal statement of having mentioned HIV or AIDS as the name of his/her illness to at least one of his or her biological children. The study compared weighted proportions for variables measured categorically by the use of chi-square (χ2) significant at P Results: Of the 192 HIV positive parents aged 20 to 64 years (M, SD = 38.56, 8.34), 89.1% were females, averagely having 3 children with 89.5% having only one child being HIV positive, out of which one in every four parent was without formal education. Parental disclosure to biological children was 11% while parental own status disclosure to any child under the parent’s care was 14.6%. Parental disclosure was associated with being married or living with a sexual partner (OR = 3.4;95% CI: 1.08 - 10.66, P Conclusions: Only a tenth of all HIV positive parents had told their children about their own (parents) HIV status. Parental disclosure should be encouraged and interventions designed to improve it particularly as they contribute to shaping the vulnerability context of HIV and AIDS positive children.

关键词： HIV and AIDS Parental Children and Adolescents Disclosure Vulnerability Ghana

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Designing a Need Based Social Protection Intervention Package for Children and Adolescents Living with HIV and AIDS in Ghana—An Eclectic Perspective on Desired Social Protection Intervention Package/Framework

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Health 2019年第10期11卷 1396-1413页

作者： Seth Christopher Yaw appiah Adeyemi Olu Adekunle Adesina Oladokun Jonathan mensah Dapaah Karikari mensah Nicholas Pan African University Institute of Life and Earth Sciences Including Health and Agriculture University of Ibadan (PAULESI) Ibadan Nigeria Department of Sociology and Social Work Faculty of Social Sciences Kumasi College of Humanities and Social Science Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Public Health Unit Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana.

Background: Designing a need-based social protection intervention for children comes as comprehensive tool for addressing the overall quality of life of HIV positive children. Not much has been examined on what constitute the desired social protection framework for HIV positive children. Methods: This study was informed by a qualitative descriptive exploratory design approach. The study drew insights from the shared perspectives of 27 participants sampled from positive HIV status disclosed children—10 - 17 years, healthcare workers, Social and Development worker, HIV positive caregivers and parents from 7 ART clinics in rural and urban Brong Ahafo and Ashanti regions of Ghana. Data was collected through interviews and two focus group discussions with study participants. Drawing on the emerged themes from the transcripts, thematic content analysis was used to analyze the data using comparative thematic framework approach. Findings: The eclectic perspectives on the type of social protection policy/intervention preferred demonstrated the need for an interrelated and integrated social protection policy. This should not be designed in isolation towards addressing the child vulnerability. The study found that social protection policies aimed at addressing vulnerability levels of children should consider the dual vulnerability situation within which HIV positive children and adolescents are located. A set of unique specific tailored approach and package reflecting minimum combination social protection package to HIV positive children was considered essential for inclusion. The themes that emerged covered social policy/intervention package inclusive of a disease ending/eradication intervention package, cash transfer for children and their caregivers, free comprehensive health insurance integrating all consultancy and laboratory services charges, direct food supplements supply and nutritional support, research, target specified with evidenced-based monitoring. Counseling sup

关键词： Social Protection HIV and AIDS Infected Children Adolescent’s Intervention Ghana

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Knowledge about Sexual and Reproductive Health Services and Practice of What Is Known among Ghanaian Youth, a Mixed Method Approach

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2016年第1期6卷 1-13页

作者： Jonathan mensah Dapaah Seth Christopher Yaw appiah Afua Amankwaa Larbi Rita Ohene Department of Sociology and Social Work Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Beijing Normal University Beijing China Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Most young person will become sexually active before their 20th birthday having to battle with early and unplanned pregnancies, unsafe abortions, maternal deaths and injuries. This study examined young person’s sexual knowledge, attitudes and practices and their levels of utilization of sexual reproductive health. Our study progresses beyond current research of reporting only sexual behaviour among youth to have insight into sexual and reproductive health update drivers yielding new empirically robust results for the Ghanaian case for sexual and reproductive health service uptake. The descriptively cross sectional design was employed in sampling 170 youth (150 surveyed and 20 Interviewed) using the stratified sampling technique together with a purposive selection of one key informant. Test of significance and associations were performed with the Chisquare test. In all 45.2% (77/170) of youth (10 - 24) had had sexual experience in life time. In respect of in-school youth, 42% (63/150) had had sexual experience whiles 70% (14/20) out-of-school youth had had sexual intercourse in life time. A total of 28.8% (49/170) of all the youth had sexual intercourse in the last six months with only 40.1 (20/49) using condom for protection. Parental discussion of contraceptive methods (29.3%) and sexual and romantic relationship (28.0%) was the least sexual and reproductive health area discussed among in-school youth. Youth knowledge of the available sexual reproductive health service was statistically associated with reproductive health service utilization (X2 = 0.00, P ≤ 0.05). A concerted effort is required from government, NGO, Civil society organizations and religious bodies to help translate youth knowledge about sexual health into responsible sexual life and protective sex.

关键词： Youth Knowledge Sexual Attitude and Practices Sexual Reproductive Health Services Utilization Ghana

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Estimating the Nutritional Value of the Leaves of Moringa oleiferaon Poultry

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第11期4卷 1077-1083页

作者： Addai-mensah Donkor Richard Lander Kwame Glover Daniel Addae Kawku appiah Kubi Department of Applied Biology Faculty of Applied Sciences University for Development Studies Navrongo Ghana Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty of Applied Sciences University for Development Studies Navrongo Ghana

In this study, we validated the effect of Moringa oleifera leaves as food supplement on poultry. Proximate neutron activation analysis was used in determining the level of some of the vital nutritional minerals and potential toxic elements in the serum of the birds during the experimental process, including Magnesium, Copper, Vanadium, Chlorine, Aluminum, Manganese, Calcium, Mercury, Cadmium, Arsenic, Sodium and Potassium. Incorporation of Moringa oleifera leaves in maize meal fed to poultry showed profound, statistically significant effect on their weight (p > 0.05) as well as intensity in coloration of the beaks and legs, combs and wattles, in contrast to a control (maize-meal only) feeding of broilers (p > 0.05). Moreover, a significant level of the biochemical minerals of serum Calcium (1.17 - 1.20 mmol·L-1), Sodium (141.6 - 152.6 mmol·L-1), Potassium (4.1 - 5.7 mmol·L-1), Chloride (95 - 110 mmol·L-1), Albumen (30 - 55 mmol·L-1) and Triglyceride (0.3 - 1.7 mmol·L-1) were observed in broilersfed with the formulated Moringa oleifera leaves and maize meal as compared to the maize meal only (control). Addition of Maringa oleifera leaves to poultry feed will lead to high output performance in poultry production.

关键词： Moringa oleifera Neutron Activation Serum Poultry Broilers

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Effect of Mercury on the Proximate Composition of Maize （Zea mays L,）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第7期3卷 487-492页

作者： Nathaniel Owusu Boadi Harry Okyere Mercy Badu John Kenneth mensah Idah Owusu-appiah Department of Chemistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Biotechnology Seed and Food Science Crops Research Institute- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Kumasi Ghana

Plants can be exposed to mercury either by direct administration as antifungal agents, mainly to crop plants through seed treatment or foliar spray, or by accident. Mercury poisoning has become a problem of interest on a global scale. Natural emissions of mercury form two-thirds of the input; man-made releases form about one-third. Significant amounts of mercury may be added to agricultural land with sludge, fertilizers, lime and manures. Total mercury levels were determined in six breeds of quality protein maize using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry （CVAAS）. The breeds analyzed were Aziga, Abeleehi, Akposoe, Golden Jubilee, Etubi and Obaatanpa. Proximate composition of these breeds was also determined. The objective of this study was therefore to assess the effect of mercury on the proximate composition of quality protein maize. The proximate composition of the maize varieties analyzed showed that the moisture content ranged from 11.57% ± 0.205% to 12.76%± 0.042%, ash from 1.11% ±0.064% to 1.58% ±0.021%, protein, 6.51%± 0.307% to 10.39% ±0.306%, fiber 1.44% ±0.071% to 1.87% ± 0.057%, fat 1.84% ± 0.078% to 2.75% ± 0.092% and carbohydrate 71.77% ± 0.035% to 76.54% ± 0.216%. The total mercury levels in the maize breeds analyzed ranged from 0.0010 ＋ 1.17E-05μg/g to 0.0079 ＋ 1.00E-05μg/g. The mercury levels detected were lower than the WHO limit for mercury in food of 0.5 μg/g in all the maize breeds. The low levels of mercury in the maize samples show they are safe for consumption.

关键词： Mercury toxicity maize proximate composition CVAAS

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Does Facility Based Sexual and Reproductive Health Services Meet the Needs of Young Persons? Views from Cross Section of Ghanaian Youth

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2015年第3期5卷 61-71页

作者： Jonathan mensah Dapaah Seth Christopher Yaw appiah Eric Badu Bernard Obeng Victoria Ampiah Department of Sociology and Social Work Faculty of Social Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Community Health School of Medical Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

The focus on facility based health setting to provide sexual and reproductive health to the youth has been tested in several settings and achieved varying results. This study examined whether facility based sexual and reproductive health services met the needs of Ghanaian youth. Adopting the descriptive cross sectional design, 170 youths between the ages of 10 and 24 were sampled. A three-stage stratified random sampling technique was adopted. The results of the study are presented using descriptive statistics. The study established that a total of 55.8% (95/170) of the youth had utilized at least one or more of a sexual and reproductive health service in life time. However, only 45.2% (43/95) of youth used or accessed sexual and reproductive health services from a facility based setting. Facility based sexual and reproductive health service provided specifically for the youth is very limited. This calls for the provision of out-of health facility services located within the communities and at strategic places while ensuring confidentiality to the youth. More rigorous research is recommended on a national scale to examine youth preference for the type of facility based and out-of-facility based sexual and reproductive health services to meet the needs of young people.

关键词： Facility-Based Sexual and Reproductive Health Young Persons Youth Needs Ghana

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