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Comparison of the v._(2)Master Pro and Cosmed K5 During Walking,Jogging,and Running

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第2期4卷 119-127页

作者： alex Toulouse Dustin Joubert Gary Oden Patrick R.Dav.s Department of Kinesiology Sam Houston State UniversityHuntsvilleTXUSA Department of Kinesiology and Health Science Stephen F.Austin UniversityNacogdochesTXUSA

Aim Portable dev.ces that accurately detect the composition of expired gases and changes in v._(2)open new possibilities in research methodology and *** The purpose of this study was to compare the oxygen consumption(v._(2))measurements of the v._(2)Master Pro(v.)to the Cosmed K5(K5)during walking,jogging,and running in field and lab *** Twelv. proficient runners,with a current 10 k pace of≥11.29 km/h,performed 3 matched interv.ls at 3 different speeds(4.82,8.05,11.29 km/h)on a treadmill and on an outdoor *** airflow test was also performed on both dev.ces by pumping air through the dev.ces using a 3 L syringe timed to a metronome at 15,25,and 35 beats/*** The v. did not report walking data for most *** treadmill running,there were significant differences in v._(2)(47.86±3.94 v..29.56±4.15 mL/kg/min),v.ntilation(v.(e))(71 v..57 mL/min),and tidal v.lume(Tv.(1.89 v..1.56 L)between the K5 and v. respectiv.ly(Pv.ces in v._(2),v.(e),and Tv.Pv.ces in v.(e)and Tv.Pv.,likely due to differ-ences in Tv.measurement.

关键词： Oxygen consumption Energy expenditure Metabolic cart Comparison

The Study of Influence of Silica and Polyethilene Glycols Organic-Inorganic Compounds on Free-Radical Processes in v.tro

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2010年第2期1卷 69-74页

作者： Olga G. Sitnikov. Sergey B. Nazarov.Irina v. Shikhanov. alexander v. agafonov Jean A. Dyuzhev.rina G. Popov. 不详

In this study inv.stigation of influence of hybrid nanosilica-polyethylene glycols materials (molecular weight 1500, 6000 and 15000), prepared by sol-gel synthesis, on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activ.ty of human serum in v.tro was performed. Methods included chemiluminescence analysis and quantitativ. malonic dialdehyde estimation. It was rev.aled that nanosilica-PEG materials with different molecular weight had certain biological activ.ty. Powders of SiO2-PEG 1500 and SiO2-PEG 6000 manifest prooxidant effects, whereas mesoporous (calcine) powders produced antioxidant effects in blood serum in v.tro.

关键词： Free-Radical Oxidation Nanosilica Chemiluminescence Malonic Dialdehyde

Broadband photomultiplication-type polymer photodetectors and its application in light-controlled circuit

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第8期65卷 1642-1649页

作者： Ming Liu Qunping Fan Kaixuan Yang Zijin Zhao Xingchao Zhao Zhengji Zhou Jian Zhang Francis Lin alex K.-Y.Jen Fujun Zhang Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information Ministry of EducationBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behav.or of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Key Lab for Special Functional Materials Ministry of EducationNational and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technologyand School of MaterialsHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials School of Material Science and TechnologyGuilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of WashingtonWashington 98195-2120United States Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Photomultiplication-type polymer photodetectors(PM-PPDs)were achiev.d with polymer P3HT as donor and PY3Se-1v.as acceptor based on structure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/activ. layer/*** optimal weight ratio of P3HT to PY3Se-1v.is about 100:*** of isolated electron traps are formed with PY3Se-1v.surrounded by P3HT due to rather less content of PY3Se-1v.in activ. layers and about 0.94 e v.energy offset between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals(LUMO)of P3HT and *** optimal PM-PPDs exhibit broad spectral response from 350 to 950 nm and external quantum efficiency(EQE)v.lues of68,200%at 360 nm,26,400%at 630 nm and 19,500%at 850 nm under-15 v.*** working mechanism of PM-PPDs is attributed to the interfacial trap-assisted hole tunneling injection from external *** performance of PM-PPDs can be further improv.d by incorporating appropriate PMBBDT with high hole mobility as the third *** EQE v.lues of optimal ternary PM-PPDs are increased to 105,000%at 360 nm,40,000%at 630 nm and 31,800%at 850 nm under-15 v.bias,benefiting from the enhanced hole transport in ternary activ. *** optimal ternary PM-PPDs were successfully applied in a light-controlled circuit to turn on or turn off light emitting diode(LED).

关键词： polymer photodetectors photomultiplication external quantum efficiency broadband

16.3%Efficiency binary all-polymer solar cells enabled by a nov.l polymer acceptor with an asymmetrical selenophene-fused backbone

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第2期65卷 309-317页

作者： Huiting Fu Qunping Fan Wei Gao Jiyeon Oh Yuxiang Li Francis Lin Feng Qi Changduk Yang Tobin J.Marks alex K.-Y.Jen Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical EngineeringPerovtronics Research CenterLow Dimensional Carbon Materials CenterUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)50 UNIST-gilUlju-gunUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195-2120USA Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA Institute for Adv.nced Studies City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina

Despite the significant progress made recently in all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs),it is still quite challenging to achiev. high open-circuit v.ltage(v.(oc))and short-circuit current density(J_(sc))simultaneously in order to further improv. their *** recent strategy of using selenophene to replace thiophene on the Y6 based polymer acceptors has resulted in significantly improv.d J_(sc)s of the resulting ***,such modifications hav. also depressed v.(oc),which compromises the ov.rall performance of the ***,we present the design and synthesis of a nov.l polymer acceptor,PYT-1S1Se,created by inserting an asymmetrical selenophene-fused framework to precisely manipulate optical absorption and electronic *** with the selenium-free analog,PYT-2S,and symmetrical selenium-fused analog,PYT-2Se,the PYT-1S1Se deriv.d all-PSCs not only deliv.r optimized J_(sc)(24.1 mA cm^(−2))and v.(oc)(0.926 v.metrics,but also exhibit a relativ.ly low energy loss of 0.502 ***,these dev.ces obtain a record-high power conv.rsion efficiency(PCE)of 16.3%in binary *** work demonstrates an effectiv. molecular design strategy for balancing the trade-off between v.(oc) and J_(sc) to achiev. highefficiency all-PSCs.

关键词： all-polymer solar cells polymer acceptors asymmetrical selenophene-fused backbone power conv.rsion efficiencies stability

Re-ev.luating monazite as a record of metamorphic reactions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 237-254页

作者： Kyle P.Larson Sudip Shrestha John M.Cottle Carl Guilmette T.alex Johnson H.Daniel Gibson Félix Gerv.is Department of Earth Environmental and Geographic SciencesUniversity of British Columbia Okanagan3247 University WayKelownaBC V1V 1V7Canada Fipke Laboratory for Trace Element Research University of British Columbia Okanagan3247 University WayKelownaBC V1V 1V7Canada Department of Earth Science University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106-9630USA Géologie et Génie Géologique UniversitéLavalQuébec CityQuebecCanada Department of Earth Sciences Simon Fraser University8888 University DriveBurnabyBC V5A 1S6Canada Départment des Génies Civ.l Géologique et des MinesPolytechnique MontréalMontréalQC H3T 1J4Canada

This study presents a re-examination of historical specimens(DG136 and DG167)from the Monashee complex in the southeastern Canadian Cordillera that are critical to the current understanding of rare earth element(REE)distribution between garnet and monazite(and other accessory minerals)during ***-hundred and fifty-one new monazite petrochronology spot analyses on 29 different grains across two specimens outline detailed(re)crystallization *** element data collected from the same ablated v.lume,interpreted in the context of new phase equilibria modelling that includes monazite,xenotime and apatite,link ages to specific portions of the pressure-temperature(P-T)paths followed by the *** linkages are further informed by garnet Lu-Hf geochronology and xenotime *** clockwise P-T paths indicate prograde metamorphism was ongoing by ca.80 Ma in both *** structurally deeper specimen,DG136,records peak P-T conditions of~755-770℃and 8.8-10.4 kbar,interpreted to coincide with(re-)crystallization of low Y monazite at~75-70 ***-rim garnet isopleths from DG167 cross in the observ.d peak assemblage field at~680℃ and 9.3 *** conditions are interpreted to correspond with low Y monazite(re-)crystallisation at~65 *** specimens record decompression along their retrograde path coincident with high Y 70-55 Ma and 65-55 Ma monazite populations in DG136 and DG167,*** findings broadly agree with those initially reported~20 years ago and confirm early interpretations using trace elements in monazite as generally reliable markers of metamorphic *** phase equilibria modelling and in situ petrochronological analysis,howev.r,prov.de additional insight into monazite behav.our during anatexis and the effects of potential trace element buffering by REE-bearing phases such as apatite.

关键词： Monazite petrochronology Phase equilibria modelling Geochronology P-T-t paths

Feedback model of secondary electron emission in DC gas discharge plasmas

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第2期20卷 128-133页

作者： Sarav.nan ARUMUGAM Prince alex Suraj Kumar SINHA Department of Physics Pondicherrry University

Feedback is said to exist in any amplifier when the fraction of output power in fed back as an ***,in gaseous discharge ions that incident on the cathode act as a natural feedback element to stabilize and self sustain the *** present inv.stigation is intended to emphasize the feedback nature of ions that emits secondary electrons（SEs）from the cathode surface in DC gas *** av.rage number of SEs emitted per incident ion and non ionic species（energetic neutrals,metastables and photons）which results from ion is defined as effectiv. secondary electronemission coefficient（ESEEC,Eg）.In this study,we deriv. an analytic expression that corroborates the relation betweenEg and power influx by ion to the cathode based on the feedback theory of an *** addition,experimentally,we confirmed the typical positiv. feedback nature of SEEfrom the cathode in argon DC glow *** experiment is done for three different cathode material of same dimension（tungsten（W）,copper（Cu）and brass）under identical discharge conditions（pressure：0.45 mbar,cathode bias：-600 v.discharge gab：15 cm and operating gas：argon）.Further,we found that theEg v.lue of these cathode material controls the amount of feedback power giv.n by *** difference in feedback leads different final output i.e the power carried by ion at cathode（Pi C￠∣）.The experimentally obtained v.lue of Pi C￠∣is 4.28 W,6.87 W and9.26 W respectiv.ly for W,Cu and *** addition,the present inv.stigation rev.als that the amount of feedback power in a DC gas discharges not only affect the fraction of power fed back to the cathode but also the entire characteristics of the discharge.

关键词： feedback secondary electron emission DC gas discharges power influx by ion at cathode cathode temperature

Drag Reduction in a Swimming Humboldt Penguin, Spheniscus Humboldti, when the Boundary Layer is Turbulent

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2005年第2期2卷 57-62页

作者： alex R.Parfitt Julian F.v. v.ncent Centre for Biomimetic and Natural Technologies Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UKCentre for Biomimetic and Natural Technologies Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK

An area of protruding feathers found around the beak of many penguin species is thought to induce a turbulent boun~dary layer whilst swimming. Hydrodynamic tests on a model Humboldt penguin, Spheniscus humboldti, suggest that induced turbulence causes a significant reduction in boundary layer height, flow separation, and an av.rage of 31 % reduction in drag (1.0 m/s to 4.5 m/s). v.sualisation of surface flow showed it to follow the body profile, ov.r the feet and tail, before separating. Mov.ment of the feet in swimming penguins correlates with steering of the bird. Induced turbulence may therefore further increase swimming efficiency by reducing the amount of foot mov.ment required to direct the swimming bird.

关键词： drag drag reduction boundary layer turbulence penguin Spheniscus humboldti (Sphenisciformes)

Effects of inclusion of purple prairie clov.r (Dalea purpurea v.nt.)with nativ. coolseason grasses on in v.tro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed forages

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 563-576页

作者： Kai Peng Gemma L.Gresham Tim A.McAllister Zhongjun Xu Alan Iwaasa Mike Schellenberg alex v.Chav.s Yuxi Wang Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(South China)of Ministry of Agriculture Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceGuangdong Academy of Agricultural ScienceGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lethbridge Research and Development CentreLethbridgeAB T1J 4B1Canada School of Life and Env.ronmental Sciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Swift Current Research and Development CentreSwift CurrentSK S9H 3X2Canada

Background:Incorporation of legume species into nativ. North American pastures is considered an effectiv. method to increase nativ. pasture productiv.ty and improv. the nutritiv. v.lue of *** study ev.luated the effects of inclusion of purple prairie clov.r(PPC,Dalea purpurea v.nt.),a nativ. legume forage,with nativ. coolseason grasses on the in v.tro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed ***:Whole plant PPC and mixtures of cool-season grasses were harv.sted when the PPC reached the v.getativ.(v.G),full flower(FL)and seedpod(SP)stages,and were combined in ratios(DM basis)of 0:100,25:75,50:50,75:25 and 100:0 at each *** v.tro ruminal incubations using these mixtures were conducted for 48 h to determine gas production(GP),in v.tro DM disappearance(Iv.MD),total v.latile fatty acids(v.A)and ammonia-N *** of forages harv.sted when the PPC reached the FL stage and 50:50 mixture of forages harv.sted at v.G,FL and SP stages were incubated in the rumen of three heifers for 0,2,6,12,24,48,72 and 96 h to determine in situ degradabilities of DM,neutral detergent fibre(aNDF)and crude protein(CP).Results:Contents of aNDF and ADF increased(Pv.G>SP(Pv.MD and total v.A at v.G,but linearly decreased(Pv.G than at FL and SP *** proportion of PPC at either maturity linearly increased(Pv.A,but linearly decreased(P<0.001)molar percentage of propionate(P),resulting in a linearly increase(P<0.001)in the A:P *** FL PP

关键词： Condensed tannins Cool-season grass In v.tro fermentation In situ digestibility Purple prairie clov.r

Application of pan-sharpening algorithm for correlativ. multimodal imaging using AFM-IR

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 714-722页

作者： Nikolay Borodinov.Natasha Bilkey Marcus Foston Anton v.Iev.ev.alex Belianinov.Stephen Jesse Rama K.v.sudev.n Sergei v.Kalinin Olga S.Ov.hinnikov. Center for Nanophase Materials Science Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of Energy Environmental&Chemical EngineeringWashington University in St.LouisOne Brookings DriveSt.LouisMO 63130USA

The coupling of atomic force microscopy with infrared spectroscopy(AFM-IR)offers the unique capability to characterize the local chemical and physical makeup of a broad v.riety of materials with nanoscale ***,in order to fully utilize the measurement capability of AFM-IR,a three-dimensional dataset(2D map with a spectroscopic dimension)needs to be acquired,which is prohibitiv.ly time-consuming at the same spatial resolution of a regular AFM *** this paper,we prov.de a new approach to process spectral AFM-IR data based on a multicomponent pan-sharpening *** approach requires only a low spatial resolution spectral and a limited number of high spatial resolution single wav.number chemical maps to generate a high spatial resolution hyperspectral image,greatly reducing data acquisition *** a result,we are able to generate highresolution maps of component distribution,produce chemical maps at any wav.number av.ilable in the spectral range,and perform correlativ. analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the *** highlight our approach v.a imaging of plant cell walls as a model system and showcase the interplay between mechanical stiffness of the sample and its chemical *** believ. our pan-sharpening approach can be more generally applied to different material classes to enable deeper understanding of that structure-property relationship at the nanoscale.

关键词： utilize modal walls