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Modified Multiple Scale/Segment Entropy （MMPE） Analysis of Heart Rate Variability of NHH, CHF ＆ AF Subjects

Journal of Life Sciences 2011年第8期5卷 593-597页

作者： Chodavarapu Renu Madhavi alevoor gopal krishnachar ananth Rastreeya Vidyalaya. College of Engineering Bangalore Karnataka 560059 India

Nonlinear analysis of heart rate variability （HRV） has become important as heart behaves as a complex system. In this work, the approximate entropy （ApEn） has been used as a nonlinear measure. A new concept of estimating the ApEn in different segments of long length of the recorded data called modified multiple scale （segment） entropy （MMPE） is introduced. The idea of estimating the approximate entropy in different segments is useful to detect the nonlinear dynamics of the heart present in the entire length of data. The present work has been carried out for three cases namely the normal healthy heart （NHH） data, congestive heart failure （CHF） data and Atrial fibrillation （AF） data and the data are analyzed using MMPE techniques. It is observed that the mean value of ApEn for NHH data is much higher than the mean values for CHF data and AF data. The ApEn profiles of CHF, AF and NHH data for different segments obtained using MPE profiles measures the heart dynamism for the three different cases. Also the power spectral density is obtained using fast fourier transform （FFT） analysis and the ratio of LF/HF （low frequency/high frequency） power are computed on multiple scales/segments namely MPLH （multiple scale low frequency to high frequency） for the NHH data, CHF data and AF data and analyzed using MPLH techniques. The results are presented and discussed in the paper.

关键词： Multiple scale/segment heart rate variability approximate entropy congestive heart failure atrial fibrillations.

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Multiple Scale Entropy （MPE） Estimation and Analysis of Normal and Congestive Heart Failure Subjects

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材料科学与工程（中英文版） 2010年第9期4卷 66-71页

作者： Chodavarapu Renu Madhavi alevoor gopal krishnachar ananth Rashtreeya Vidyala College of Engineering Bangalore Karnataka 560059 India

Non-linear analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) plays an important role as a noninvasive marker to diagnose the diseased heart. Nonlinear analysis has become important as heart is treated as a complex system. The sample entropy has been used as a nonlinear measure. To find sample entropy it is required to choose appropriate values of the embedding dimension ‘m’ and threshold ‘r’ respectively. The values are chosen based on the literature. The multi-scale entropy (MSE) methods are normally used to find the heart dynamic over the entire recorded period by scaling the data by 1 to 20 which involves larger data handling at lower scales. The aim of this paper is to detect and study the nonlinear dynamics of the heart over the entire period of recorded data of normal healthy heart (NHH) and congestive heart failure (CHF) subjects The idea of estimating the sample entropy in different segments is useful to detect the nonlinear dynamics of the heart present in the entire length of the recorded data. This is achieved by proposing a new method multiple scale entropy (MPE) for estimating the sample entropy in different segments of long length of the recorded data. The MPE method uses short length of data in all scales by taking the data at regular intervals (2 h) of the recorded data to find the heart dynamics. The CHF and NHH have been analyzed using MPE method. The results showed that the mean SampEn obtained for different segments of data relating to NHH subjects is ~1.35 and for CHF subjects it is ~0.8 which suggests that the mean value of sample entropy for normal healthy heart is higher than the congestive heart failure subjects. Similarly the results exhibited higher MPE values for healthy heart data and lower MPE values for congestive heart failure data. The results are presented and discussed in the paper.

关键词：充血性心力衰竭茂金属聚乙烯多尺度体分析非线性动力学非线性分析熵心脏疾病

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