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Minimally invasive approaches for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第46期18卷 6756-6763页

作者： Marco Zoccali alessandro Fichera Department of Surgery University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine Department of Surgery University of Washington Medical Center

Despite significant improvements in medical management of inflammatory bowel disease, many of these patients still require surgery at some point in the course of their disease. Their young age and poor general conditions, worsened by the aggressive medical treatments, make minimally invasive approaches particularly enticing to this patient population. However, the typical inflammatory changes that characterize these diseases have hindered wide diffusion of laparoscopy in this setting, currently mostly pursued in high-volume referral centers, despite accumulating evidences in the literature supporting the benefits of minimally invasive surgery. The largest body of evidence currently available for terminal ileal Crohn's disease shows improved short term outcomes after laparoscopic surgery, with prolonged operative times. For Crohn's colitis, high quality evidence supporting laparoscopic surgery is *** preliminary results have been obtained with the adoption of laparoscopic restorative total proctocolectomy for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. A consensus about patients' selection and the need for staging has not been reached yet. Despite the lack of conclusive evidence, a wave of enthusiasm is pushing towards less invasive strategies, to further minimize surgical trauma, with single incision laparoscopic surgery being the most realistic future development.

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease

Mechanics of tubular helical assemblies:ensemble response to axial compression and extension

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2021年第2期37卷 173-186页

作者： Jacopo Quaglierini alessandro Lucantonio Antonio DeSimone Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI The BioRobotics InstituteScuola Superiore Sant'Anna56127 PisaItaly SISSA-Scuola Intemazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati 34136 TriesteItaly

Nature and technology often adopt structures that can be described as tubular helical ***,the role and mechanisms of these structures remain *** this paper,we study the mechanical response under compression and extension of a tubular assembly composed of 8 helical Kirchholf rods,arranged in pairs with opposite chirality and connected by pin joints,both analytically and *** first focus on compression and find that,whereas a single helical rod would buckle,the rods of the assembly deform coherently as stable helical shapes wound around a common ***,we investigate the response of the assembly under different boundary conditions,highlighting the emergence of a central region where rods remain circular ***,we study the effects of different hypotheses on the elastic properties of rods,i.e.,stress-free rods when straight versus when circular helices,Kirchhoff’s rod model versus Sadowsky’s ribbon *** up,our findings highlight the key role of mutual interactions in generating a stable ensemble response that preserves the helical shape of the individual rods,as well as some interesting features,and they shed some light on the reasons why helical shapes in tubular assemblies are so common and persistent in nature and technology.

关键词： Computational mechanics Helical assemblies Kirchhoff rod Sadowsky ribbon Ensemble response

Closing the THz gap with Dirac semimetals

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第6期11卷 1011-1012页

作者： Carlo Rizza alessandro Molle University of L'Aquila Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences1-67100 L'AquilaItaly Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR) Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi(IMM)unit of Agrate Brianzavia C.Olivetti 220864 Agrate BrianzaItaly

High-performance THz photodetection is unprecedentedly accessed by integrating a topological Dirac(Weyl)semimetal in a carefully designed antenna at deep-subwavelength scales.

关键词： Dirac semi integrating

Optical absorption of (Ag-Au)133(SCH3)52 bimetallic monolayer-protected clusters

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第5期26卷 467-476页

作者： alessandro Fortunelli Mauro Stener CNR-ICCOM Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche Università di Trieste

The evolution of the optical absorption spectrum of bimetallic Ag-Au monolayer-protected clusters(MPC)obtained by progressively doping Ag into the experimentally known structure of Au133(SR)52was predicted via rigorous time-dependent density-functional theory(TDDFT) calculations. In addition to monometallic Au133(SR)52and Ag133(SR)52species, 5 different(Ag-Au)133(SCH3)52homotops were considered with varying Ag content and site positioning, and their electronic structure and optical response were analyzed in terms of Projected Density Of States(PDOS), the induced or transition electron density, and Transition Component Maps(TCM) at selected excitation energies. It was found that Ag doping led to the effects rather different from those encountered in bare metal clusters. And it was also observed that Ag doping could produce structured spectral features, especially in the 3–4 eV range but also in the optical region if Ag atoms were located in the sub-staple region, as rationalized by the accompanying electronic analysis. Additionally, Au doping into the staples of Ag-rich MPC also gave rise to a more homogeneous induced electron density. These findings show the great sensitivity of the electronic response of MPC nanoalloy systems to the exact location of the alloying sites.

关键词： Nanoalloys Gold nanomolecules Electronic excited states Homotops Transition electron density

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第40期16卷 5024-5034页

作者： Konstantin Umanskiy alessandro Fichera Department of Surgery University of Chicago Medical Center

Over the past 30 years, health related quality of life (HRQOL) has developed into a scientific index of subjective health status. Measurement of HRQOL is now clearly a mandatory component in evaluating interventions and management of medical and surgical diseases. In designing comprehensive and meaningful clinical studies particular attention ought to be made of measures of HRQOL. This is clearly very important in inflammatory bowel disease. Both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) have a major impact on HRQOL. The chronic and unrelenting nature of these diseases, the often early age of onset, and the impact on social and sexual aspects of life significantly change patient’s perception, body image and quality of life. This manuscript is an overview of the available published data on HRQOL in UC and CD patients focusing on the impact of surgical therapy. While these two diseases may have some similarities in their management, clearly their impact on quality of life and the effects of are significantly different. Hence we are presenting the data separately.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Quality of life Gastrointestinal surgery Surgical outcome

Ion channels in neurodevelopment:lessons from the Integrin-KCNB1 channel complex

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2365-2369页

作者： alessandro Bortolami Federico Sesti Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgers UniversityWest PiscatawayNJUSA

Ion channels modulate cellular excitability by regulating ionic fluxes across biological *** mutations in ion channel genes give rise to epileptic disorders that are among the most frequent neurological diseases affecting millions of individuals *** are trigge red by an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory ***,pathogenic mutations in the same allele can give rise to loss-of-function and/or gain-of-function va riants,all able to trigger ***,certain alleles are associated with brain malformations even in the absence of a clear electrical *** body of evidence argues that the underlying epileptogenic mechanisms of ion channels are more diverse than originally *** focusing on ion channels in prenatal cortical development have shed light on this apparent *** picture that emerges is that ion channels play crucial roles in landmark neurodevelopmental processes,including neuronal migration,neurite outgrowth,and synapse ***,pathogenic channel mutants can not only cause epileptic disorders by alte ring excitability,but further,by inducing morphological and synaptic abnormalities that are initiated during neocortex formation and may persist into the adult brain.

关键词： developmental and epileptic encephalopathies epilepsy K+channel KCNB1 Kv2.1 neurodevelopment potassium channel

Effects of bioenergy production on environmental sustainability:a preliminary study based on expert opinions in Italy and Turkey

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第6期29卷 1611-1626页

作者： Tugba Deniz alessandro Paletto Department of Forest Economics Faculty of ForestryIstanbul University34473 BahcekoyIstanbulTurkey Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria-Research Centre for Forestry and Wood(CREA) Piazza Nicolini638123 TrentoItaly

In future decades, initiatives on biomass-based energy development in Europe should reduce fossil fuel dependence and help to combat climate change as required by the conference of the parties 21. In this context, forest biomass can play a key role within the bioenergy sector due to its high growth potential. The use of forest biomass for energy has positive and negative effects on other ecosystem services, on stand characteristics, and on forest management practices. The aim of this study is to analyse the effects of forest bioenergy production on six ecosystem services(biodiversity, recreation, landscape aesthetics,carbon sequestration, soil erosion protection, water quality). These effects have been assessed by 80 experts in two countries(Italy and Turkey), considering two different forest management practices(clear-cutting of coppices and woody residue removal after felling in high forests). The results show that coppice clear-cutting has negative effects on almost all ecosystem services according to the experts’ opinions. The highest negative effects are on landscape aesthetics and soil protection. The effects of woody residue removal on biodiversity, carbon sequestration, soil erosion protection, and water quality are considered negative by the experts, while the effects on recreation activities and landscape aesthetics are considered positive. The highest negative effects of this forest management scenario are on soil protection and biodiversity. The experts’ opinions about the effects of forest management practices on ecosystem services can provide information to understand the environmental sustainability of bioenergy development in future years.

关键词： Forest biomass Bioenergy Forest management Ecosystem services

Invasive front of colorectal cancer:Dynamic interface of pro-/anti-tumor factors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第47期15卷 5898-5906页

作者： Inti Zlobec alessandro Lugli Institute for Pathology University Hospital BaselSchnbeinstrasse 40CH-4031 BaselSwitzerland

Tumor-host interaction at the invasive front of colorectal cancer represents a critical interface encompassing a dynamic process of de-differentiation of colorectal carci-noma cells known as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT can be identified histologically by the presence of "tumor budding" ,a feature which can be highly specific for tumors showing an inf iltrating tumor growth pattern. Importantly,tumor budding and tumor border configuration have generated considerable interest as additional prognostic factors and are also recognized as such by the International Union Against Cancer. Evidence seems to suggest that the presence of tumor budding or an infiltrating growth pattern is inversely correlated with the presence of immune and inflammatory responses at the invasive tumor front. In fact,several tumor-associated antigens such as CD3,CD4,CD8,CD20,Granzyme B,FOXP3 and other immunological or inflammatory cell types have been identified as poten-tially prognostic in patients with this disease. Evidence seems to suggest that the balance between protumor (including budding and inf iltrating growth pattern) and anti-tumor (immune response or certain inflammatory cell types) factors at the invasive front of colorectal cancer may be decisive in determining tumor progression and the clinical outcome of patients with colorectal cancer. On one hand,the inf iltrating tumor border configuration and tumor budding promote progression and dissemination of tumor cells by penetrating the vascular and lymphatic vessels. On the other,the host attempts to fend off this attack by mounting an immune response to protect vascular and lymphatic channels from invasion by tumor buds. Whereas standard pathology reporting of breast and prostate cancer involves additional prognostic features,such as the BRE and Gleason scores,the ratio of pro-and anti-tumor factors could be a promising approach for the future development of a prognostic score for patients with colorectal cancer whi

关键词： Colorectal cancer Prognosis Tumor invasive front Tumor budding Tumor growth pattern Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes Tumor immunity Microsatellite instability

News about non-secretory exocytosis: mechanisms, properties, and functions

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第9期11卷 736-746页

作者： Rosalba D'alessandro Jacopo Meldolesi Scientific Institute S.De Beilis Via Turi 277013Castellana GrotteItaly Scientific Institute San Raffaele and Vita Salute San Raffaele University Via Olgettina 5820132MilanItaly

The fusion by exocytosis of many vesicles to the plasma membrane induces the discharge to the extracellular space of their abundant luminal *** exocytic vesicles,however,do not contain cargoes,and thus,their fusion is not followed by ***,two distinct processes of exocytosis exist,one secretory and the other *** present review deals with the knowledge of non-secretory exocytosis developed during recent *** such developments are the dual generation of the exocytic vesicles,initially released either from the trans-Golgi network or by endocytosis;their traffic with activation of receptors,channels,pumps,and transporters;the identification of their tethering and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor complexes that govern membrane fusions;the growth of axons and the membrane *** of potential relevance of these processes for pathology and medicine are also *** developments presented here offer interesting chances for future progress in the field.

关键词： exocytosis Golgi complex vesicles endocytosis