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Assessment of earthquake location uncertainties for the design of local seismic networks

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Earthquake Science 2024年第5期37卷 415-433页

作者： Antonio Fuggi Simone re Giorgio Tango Sergio Del Gaudio alessandro Brovelli Giorgio Cassiani Isamgeo Italia S.r.l. Gallarate 21013Italy STOGIT S.p.A. UnitàGiacimentiCrema 26013Italy Dipartimento di Geoscienze Universitàdegli Studi di PadovaPadova 35131Italy

The ability to estimate earthquake source locations,along with the appraisal of relevant uncertainties,is paramount in monitoring both natural and human-induced *** this purpose,a monitoring network must be designed to minimize the location errors introduced by geometrically unbalanced *** this study,we first review different sources of errors relevant to the localization of seismic events,how they propagate through localization algorithms,and their impact on *** then propose a quantitative method,based on a Monte Carlo approach,to estimate the uncertainty in earthquake locations that is suited to the design,optimization,and assessment of the performance of a local seismic monitoring *** illustrate the performance of the proposed approach,we analyzed the distribution of the localization uncertainties and their related dispersion for a highly dense grid of theoretical hypocenters in both the horizontal and vertical directions using an actual monitoring network *** results expand,quantitatively,the qualitative indications derived from purely geometrical parameters(azimuthal gap(AG))and classical detectability *** proposed method enables the systematic design,optimization,and evaluation of local seismic monitoring networks,enhancing monitoring accuracy in areas proximal to hydrocarbon production,geothermal fields,underground natural gas storage,and other subsurface *** approach aids in the accurate estimation of earthquake source locations and their associated uncertainties,which are crucial for assessing and mitigating seismic risks,thereby enabling the implementation of proactive measures to minimize potential *** an operational perspective,reliably estimating location accuracy is crucial for evaluating the position of seismogenic sources and assessing possible links between well activities and the onset of seismicity.

关键词： network design earthquake localization detectability localization uncertainties local seismic network

Coulomb Friction Driving Brownian Motors

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2014年第10期61卷 505-513页

作者： alessandro Manacorda Andrea Puglisi alessandro Sarracino Dipartimento di Fisica Università "Sapienza"p.le A.Moro 200185 RomeItaly Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi - CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica Università "Sapienza"p.le A.Moro 200185 RomeItaly Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics China the Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée CNRS UMR 7600case courrier 121Université Paris 64Place Jussieu75255 Paris CedexFrance

We review a family of models recently introduced to describe Brownian motors under the influence of Coulomb friction, or more general non-linear friction laws. It is known that, if the heat bath is modeled as the usual Langevin equation(linear viscosity plus white noise), additional non-linear friction forces are not sufficient to break detailed balance, i.e. cannot produce a motor effect. We discuss two possibile mechanisms to elude this problem. A first possibility, exploited in several models inspired to recent experiments, is to replace the heat bath's white noise by a "collisional noise", that is the effect of random collisions with an external equilibrium gas of particles. A second possibility is enlarging the phase space, e.g. by adding an external potential which couples velocity to position, as in a Klein–Kramers equation. In both cases, non-linear friction becomes sufficient to achieve a non-equilibrium steady state and, in the presence of an even small spatial asymmetry, a motor effect is produced.

关键词： Brownian motors ratchet effect Coulomb friction

Vasarely painting at the nanoscale on sapphire crystals

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Nano research 2020年第9期13卷 2512-2516页

作者： Caroline Matringe Elsa Thune Rémy Cavalotti Ahmad Fakih Stephan Amaud Nils Blanc Nathalie Boudet alessandro Coati Yves Garreau David Babonneau rené Guinebretière IRCER UMR CNRS 7315Centre Europeen de la CeramiqueUniversite de Limoges12 rue Atlantis87068 LimogesFrance Institut Neel UPR CNRS 2940 CRG D2AM BeamlineESRFUniversite Grenoble Alpes38042 GrenobleFrance SixS Beamline Synchrotron SOLEILBP4891192 Gifsur YvetteFrance Laboratoire Materiaux et Phenomenes Quantiques UMR CNRS 7162Universite de Paris75013 ParisFrance Institut Pprime Departement Physique et Mecanique des Materiauxf UPR CNRS 3346Universite de PoitiersSP2MITSA 4112386073 Poitiers Cedex 9France

We demonstrate that convenient thermal treatment of a specific sapphire vicinal surface can induce the formation of a fully two-dimensional(2D)ordered surface made of a periodic assembly of(006)*** simiarity between the resuting surface topography and pattemns represented in the hexagon series"of paintings by Vasarely is really striking!We thus propose to call these surfaces as"nanoscaled Vasarely surfaces".We also show that the self-organization process,which is driven by the minimization of the free energy of a closed system,results in a quasi-linear isothermal growth of the facets'surface area over time.

关键词： nanoscaled Vasarely surfaces two-dimensional(2D)-self-organization sapphire vicinal surfaces

Frequency stabilization of C-band semiconductor lasers through a SiN photonic integrated circuit

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Photonics research 2024年第8期12卷 1619-1626页

作者： alessandro BRUGNONI ALI EMre KAPLAN VALERIO VITALI KYLE BOTTRILL MICHELE re PERIKLIS PETROPOULOS COSIMO LACAVA ILARIA CRISTIANI Photonics Group Department of ElectricalComputer and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Optoelectronics research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Huawei Technologies Italia S.r.l Centro direzionale MilanoSegrate 20054Italy

Integrated semiconductor lasers represent essential building blocks for integrated optical components and circuits and their stability in frequency is fundamental for the development of numerous frontier applications and engineering *** dense optical circuits are considered,the stability of integrated laser sources can be impaired by the thermal cross-talk generated by the action of neighboring components,leading to a deterioration of the long-term system performance(on the scale of seconds).In this work we show the design and the experimental characterization of a silicon nitride photonic integrated circuit(PIC)that is able to frequency stabilize 16semiconductor lasers,simultaneously.A stabilized 50 GHz-spaced two-channel system is demonstrated through the detection of the related beating note and the stability of the resulting waveform is characterized via the use of artificially induced thermal cross-talk stimuli.

关键词： stabilization stability impaired

Optimal Feeder Routing in Urban Distribution Networks Planning with Layout Constraints and Losses

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第5期8卷 1005-1014页

作者： alessandro Bosisio Alberto Berizzi Edoardo Amaldi Cristian Bovo Xu Andy Sun IEEE Department of Energy Politecnico di MilanoVia La Masa3420165 MilanoItaly Department of Electronics Informationand BioengineeringPolitecnico di MilanoVia Ponzio34/520133 MilanoItaly H.Milton Stewart School Georgia Institute of Technology775 Ferst DriveAtlanta GA 30332USA

We address the problem of optimally re-routing the feeders of urban distribution network in Milano,Italy,which presents some peculiarities and significant design *** has two separate medium-voltage(MV)distribution networks,previously operated by two different utilities,which grew up independently and *** results in a system layout which is inefficient,redundant,and difficult to manage due to different operating *** current utility UNAreTI,which is in charge of the overall distribution system,aims at optimally integrating the two MV distribution networks and moving to a new specific layout that offers advantages from the perspectives of reliability and *** present a mixed-integer programming(MIP)approach for the design of a new network configuration satisfying the so-called 2-step ladder layout required by the *** model accounts for the main electrical constraints such as power flow equations,thermal limits of high-voltage(HV)/MV substation transformers,line thermal limits,and the maximum number of customers per *** power losses are taken into account via a quadratic formulation and a piecewise linear *** tests on a small-scale system and on a part of the Milano distribution network are reported.

关键词： Mixed-integer programming(MIP) graph theory power system planning urban distribution network feeder routing optimization

Lumen-apposing metal stents for malignant biliary obstruction: Is this the ultimate horizon of our experience?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第29期25卷 3857-3869页

作者： Andrea Anderloni Edoardo Troncone alessandro Fugazza Annalisa Cappello Giovanna Del Vecchio Blanco Giovanni Monteleone alessandro repici Digestive Endoscopy Unit Division of Gastroenterology Humanitas Research Hospital Milan 20089 Italy Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome “Tor Vergata” Rome 00133 Italy Digestive Endoscopy Unit Division of Gastroenterology Humanitas University Milan 20089 Italy

In the last years, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has evolved from a purely diagnostic technique to a more and more complex interventional procedure, with the possibility to perform several type of therapeutic interventions. Among these, EUS-guided biliary drainage (BD) is gaining popularity as a therapeutic approach after failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in distal malignant biliary obstruction (MBO), due to the avoidance of external drainage, a lower rate of adverse events and re-interventions, and lower costs compared to percutaneous trans-hepatic BD. Initially, devices created for luminal procedures (e.g., luminal biliary stents) have been adapted to the new trans-luminal EUSguided interventions, with predictable shortcomings in technical success, outcome and adverse events. More recently, new metal stents specifically designed for transluminal drainage, namely lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS), have been made available for EUS-guided procedures. An electrocautery enhanced delivery system (EC-LAMS), which allows direct access of the delivery system to the target lumen, has subsequently simplified the classic multi-step procedure of EUS-guided drainages. EUS-BD using LAMS and ECLAMS has been demonstrated effective and safe, and currently seems one of the most performing techniques for EUS-BD. In this review, we summarize the evolution of the EUS-BD in distal MBO, focusing on the novelty of LAMS and analyzing the unresolved questions about the possible role of EUS as the first therapeutic option to achieve BD in this setting of patients.

关键词： Interventional endoscopic ultrasonography Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided biliary drainage Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided choledocho-duodenostomy Biliary metal stent Lumen-apposing metal stent

The role of structural inheritance in continental break-up and exhumation of Alpine Tethyan mantle(Canavese Zone,Western Alps)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第1期11卷 167-188页

作者： Andrea Festa Gianni Balestro alessandro Borghi Sara De Caroli Andrea Succo Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Universitàdi TorinoTorinoItaly Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche della Vita e della SostenibilitàAmbientaleUniversitàdi ParmaParmaItaly

The Canavese Zone(CZ)in the Western Alps represents the remnant of the distal passive margin of the Adria microplate,which was stretched and thinned during the Jurassic opening of the Alpine *** detailed geological mapping,stratigraphic and structural analyses,we document that the continental break-up of Pangea and tectonic dismemberment of the Adria distal margin,up to mantle rocks exhumation and oceanization,did not simply result from the syn-rift Jurassic extension but was strongly favored by older structu ral inheritances(the Proto-Canavese Shear Zone),which controlled earlier lithospheric *** findings allowed to redefine in detail(i)the tectono-stratigraphic setting of the Variscan metamorphic basement and the Late Carbonife rous to Early Cretaceous CZ succession,(ii)the role played by inherited Late Carboniferous to Early Triassic structures and(iii)the significance of the CZ in the geodynamic evolution of the Alpine *** large amount of extensional displacement and crustal thinning occurred during different pulses of Late Carbonife rous-Early Triassic strike-slip tectonics is wellconsistent with the role played by long-lived regional-scale wrench faults(e.g.,the East-Variscan Shear Zone),suggesting a re-discussion of models of mantle exhumation driven by low-angle detachment faults as unique efficient mechanism in stretching and thinning continental crust.

关键词： Alpine Tethys Western Alps Jurassic ophiolite Structural inheritance Continental break-up Mantle exhumation

Malignant gastric outlet obstruction:Which is the best therapeutic option?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第16期26卷 1847-1860页

作者： Edoardo Troncone alessandro Fugazza Annalisa Cappello Giovanna Del Vecchio Blanco Giovanni Monteleone alessandro repici Anthony Yuen Bun Teoh Andrea Anderloni Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome“Tor Vergata”Rome 00133Italy Endoscopy Unit Humanitas Clinical and Research Center–IRCCS-via Manzoni 5620089 Rozzano(Mi)Italy Humanitas University Department of Biomedical SciencesVia Rita Levi Montalcini 420090 Pieve EmanueleMilanItaly Department of Surgery Prince of Wales HospitalChinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Malignant gastric outlet obstruction(MGOO)is a clinical condition characterized by the mechanical obstruction of the pylorus or the duodenum due to tumor compression/infiltration,with consequent reduction or impossibility of an adequate oral *** is mainly secondary to advanced pancreatic or gastric cancers,and significantly impacts on patients’survival and quality of *** suffering from this condition often present with intractable vomiting and severe malnutrition,which further compromise therapeutic ***,palliative strategies are based primarily on surgical gastrojejunostomy and endoscopic enteral stenting with self-expanding metal *** studies have shown that surgical approach has the advantage of a more durable relief of symptoms and the need of fewer re-interventions,at the cost of higher procedure-related risks and longer hospital *** the other hand,enteral stenting provides rapid clinical improvement,but have the limit of higher stent dysfunction rate due to tumor ingrowth and a subsequent need of frequent ***,a third way has come from interventional endoscopic ultrasound,through the development of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy technique with lumen-apposing metal *** new technique may ideally encompass the minimal invasiveness of an endoscopic procedure and the long-lasting effect of the surgical gastrojejunostomy,and brought encouraging results so far,even if prospective comparative trial are still *** this review,we described technical aspects and clinical outcomes of the above-cited therapeutic approaches,and discussed the open questions about the current management of MGOO.

关键词： Gastrojejunostomy Self-expanding metal stent Enteral stent Interventional endoscopic ultrasonography Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy Pancreatic cancer Gastric cancer Duodenal stricture

*** Provenance-aware and reproducible Workspaces

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Data Intelligence 2022年第2期4卷 243-258页

作者： alessandro Spinuso Mats Veldhuizen Daniele Bailo Valerio Vinciarelli Tor Langeland Koninkljk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut De BiltUtrecht 3731GAThe Netherlands Istituto Nazionale Geofisica e Vulcanologia RomeLazio 00143Italy NORCE Norwegian research Centre AS BergenHordaland NO-5838Norway

Modern interactive tools for data analysis and visualisation are designed to expose their functionalities as a service through the *** present in this paper a Web API(SWIRRL)that allows Virtual research Environments(Vres)to easily integrate such tools in their websites and re-purpose them to their *** APl deals,on behalf of the clients,with the underlying complexity of allocating and managing resources within a target cloud *** combining storage and containerised services,offering analysis notebooks and other visualisation software,the APl creates dedicated working sessions on-demand,which can be accessed *** to the API's support for workflow execution,SWIRRL workspaces can be automatically populated with data of interest collected from external data *** system keeps track of updates and changes affecting the data and the tools by adopting versioning and standard provenance *** are provided with interactive controls enabling traceabilityand recovery actions,including the possibility of creating executable snapshots of their *** is built in cooperation with two research infrastructures in the field of solid earth science and climate data *** report on the particularadoptions and use cases.

关键词： Productivity Data-analysis reproducibility Provenance Cloud-computing