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BIOCELL 2022年第8期46卷 1837-1842页

作者： MARCO TATULLO LUISA LIMONGELLI ROSA MARIA MARANO alessandra VALLETTA ANGELA TEMPESTA SANDRO RENGO Department of Basic Medical Sciences Neurosciences and Sense OrgansUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBari74124Italy Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine University of Bari Aldo MoroBari74124Italy Marrelli Health-Tecnologica Research Institute Biomedical SectionStem Cells and Medical Genetics UnitsCrotone88900Italy Department of Neurosciences Reproductive and Odontostomatological SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples80131Italy

The scientific community is continuously working to translate the novel biomedical techniques into effective medical ***-Cas9 system(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-9),commonly known as the“molecular scissor”,represents a recently developed biotechnology able to improve the quality and the efficacy of traditional treatments,related to several human diseases,such as chronic diseases,neurodegenerative pathologies and,interestingly,oral *** course,dental medicine has notably increased the use of biotechnologies to ensure modern and conservative approaches:in this landscape,the use of CRISPR-Cas9 system may speed and personalize the traditional therapies,ensuring a good predictability of clinical *** aim of this critical overview is to provide evidence on CRISPR efficacy,taking into specific account its applications in oral medicine.

关键词： Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR) Dentistry Stem cells

Incidence and prevalence of gastric neuroendocrine tumors in patients with chronic atrophic autoimmune gastritis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第8期15卷 1451-1460页

作者： Sara Massironi Camilla Gallo alessandra Elvevi Marta Stegagnini Lorenzo Andrea Coltro Pietro Invernizzi Division of Gastroenterology Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriUniversity of Milano-BicoccaSchool of MedicineMonza 20900Italy

BACKGROUND The incidence of type I gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms(gNENs)has increased significantly over the past 50 *** autoimmune gastritis(AIG)increases the likelihood of developing gNENs,the exact incidence and prevalence of this association remain *** To evaluate the incidence and prevalence of type I gNENs in a cohort of patients with a histological diagnosis of *** Patients with a histological diagnosis of AIG were enrolled between October 2020 and May *** levels of CgA and gastrin were assessed at *** patients underwent regular endoscopic follow-up to detect gastric neoplastic lesions,enterochromaffin-like(ECL)cell hyperplasia,and the development of *** We included 176 patients[142 women(80.7%),median age 64 years,interquartile range(IQR)53–71 years]diagnosed with AIG between January 1990 and June *** *** hundred and sixteen patients(65.9%)had ECL hyperplasia,of whom,29.5%had simple/linear,30.7%had micronodular,and 5.7%had macronodular *** median follow-up time was 5(3–7.5)*** 1032 person-years,33 patients developed a total of 50 type I gNENs,with an incidence rate of 0.057 person-years,corresponding to an annual cumulative incidence of 5.7%.Circulating CgA levels did not significantly differ between AIG patients who developed gNENs and those who did ***,gastrin levels were significantly higher in AIG patients who developed gNENs[median 992 pg/mL IQR=449–1500 vs 688 pg/mL IQR=423–1200,P=0.03].Calculated gastrin sensitivity and specificity were 90.9%and 1.4%,respectively,with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 30%and a calculated area under the gastrin receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC or AUC)of *** Type I gNENs are a significant complication in ***’s low diagnostic accuracy prevents it from serving as a marker for early *** strategies for early detection and treatment are needed.

关键词： Atrophic gastritis Autoimmune gastritis Gastrin Gastric neuroendocrine tumors

Competences for self-care and self-control in diabetes mellitus type 2 in primary health care

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World Journal of Diabetes 2019年第8期10卷 454-462页

作者： Maria Marta Amancio Amorim alessandra Hugo de Souza Adriana Keller Coelho Centro De Estudos Em Migracoes E Relacoes Interculturais Belo Horizonte 302240010Brazil Programa de Pos graduacao em Biologia de Vertebrados Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30535901Brazil Geriatric Unit Hospital do Instituto de Previdência dos Servidores do Estado de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 3010110Brazil

The purpose of the guidelines of self-care and self-control of type 2 diabetes mellitus proposed by the Brazilian Ministry of Health is to strengthen and qualify users and health care professionals through the integrality and longitudinality of care with this *** article aims to present the self-care and self-control of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in objective terms,taking into account the current recommen-dations based on scientific evidence and also from the subjective point of view,that is,emphasizing the aspects related to experience and subjectivity of these ***,we present the essential skills for self-care and self-control of users and professionals working in primary health care.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus type 2 Self-care Primary health care

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Evolving paradigms

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第36期23卷 6571-6592页

作者： Amedeo Lonardo Fabio Nascimbeni Mauro Maurantonio alessandra Marrazzo Luca Rinaldi Luigi Elio Adinolfi Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Department of Medical SurgicalNeurologicalGeriatricand Metabolic SciencesUniversity of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”

In the last years new evidence has accumulated on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)challenging the paradigms that had been holding the scene over the previous 30 *** has such an epidemic prevalence as to make it impossible to screen general population looking for NAFLD ***,focusing on those cohorts of individuals exposed to the highest risk of NAFLD could be a more rational ***,which can be diagnosed with either non-invasive strategies or through liver biopsy,is a pathogenically complex and clinically heterogeneous *** existence of metabolic as opposed to genetic-associated disease,notably including"lean NAFLD"has recently been ***,NAFLD is a systemic condition,featuring metabolic,cardiovascular and(hepatic/extrahepatic)cancer *** the clinico-laboratory features of NAFLD we discuss hyperuricemia,insulin resistance,atherosclerosis,gallstones,psoriasis and selected endocrine *** is a precursor of type 2 diabetes(T2D)and metabolic syndrome and progressive liver disease develops in T2D patients in whom the course of disease is worsened by ***,lifestyle changes and drug treatment options to be implemented in the individual patient are also critically *** conclusion,this review emphasizes the new concepts on clinical and pathogenic heterogeneity of NAFLD,a systemic disorder with a multifactorial pathogenesis and protean clinical *** is highly prevalent in certain cohorts of individuals who are thus potentially amenable to selective screening strategies,intensive follow-up schedules for early identification of liver-related and extrahepatic complications and in whom earlier and more aggressive treatment schedules should be carried out whenever possible.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Biomarkers Clinical correlates Diagnosis Epidemiology Genetics Liver histology Management Metabolic Syndrome Pathogenesis Screening Type 2 diabetes

New Caledonia Ophiolite, Marginal Rifting to Fore-arc Evolution

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第S01期94卷 9-10页

作者： Dominique CLUZEL Jonathan AITCHISON Arianna SECCHIARI alessandra MONTANINI Delphine BOSCH Universitéde la Nouvelle-Calédonie NouméaNew Caledonia School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Queensland QLD 4072Australia University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 157/a 43124 ParmaItaly Earth Sciences Department Géosciences Montpellier UMR-CNRS 5243-Univ.Montpellier II France

The New Caledonia Ophiolite(Peridotite Nappe), represents about one third of the island’s surface(i.e. 5 500 km2). The ophiolite is composed of harzburgites, dunites, lherzolites, minor mafic-ultramafic cumulates, and various dykes and sills. The mantle section underwent a polyphase evolution, which involved prominent depletion and re-fertilization. The oldest events are probably recorded by abyssal-type lherzolites of the northern massifs, which bear traces of moderate partial melting. Plagioclase lherzolites were formed by shallow entrapment of highly depleted MORB melt in residual spinel lherzolites. Nd isotope compositions are consistent with derivation from an asthenospheric mantle source that experienced a recent MORB-producing depletion. This evolution was most likely accomplished during the late Cretaceous breakup of the eastern Australian margin. The harzburgite-dunite association, which forms the bulk of Peridotite Nappe was probably formed through a multistage magma-producing process. Harzburgites composition may have be obtained by a first phase of ~15% dry fractional melting, followed by 15%–18% hydrous melting in a supra-subduction zone setting. Variable εNd negatively correlate with 87Sr/86Sr, while Pb isotopes cover a wide range, trending from depleted mantle towards enriched, sediment-like, compositions. Such signatures likely reflect the evolution of a highly depleted forearc mantle wedge variably modified by different fluid and melt inputs during Eocene subduction. The harzburgite-dunite set is overlain by a dunite transition zone ~300 m thick, in turn discontinuously covered by cumulate lenses consisting of layered pyroxenites, dunites, and wherlites at the base and gabbronorites/websterites on top. The mafic cumulates crystallized from primitive, ultra-depleted melts in the nascent lower fore-arc crust. In particular, FME enrichments and Nd-Pb isotopes support an origin from a refractory mantle source modified by slab fluids for the gabbronorite

关键词： ophiolite supra-subduction slab fluids metasomatism

Cytokinome profile evaluation in patients with hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9261-9269页

作者： Francesca Capone Eliana Guerriero Giovanni Colonna Patrizia Maio alessandra Mangia Giuseppe Castello Susan Costantini Centro Ricerche Oncologiche di Mercogliano IstitutoNazionale per lo Studio e la CuradeiTumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"IRCCS Biochemistry Biophysics and General Pathology DepartmentSecond University of Naples Department of Infectious Diseases "San Giuseppe Moscati" Hospital Liver Unit IRCCS Casa SollievodellaSofferenza Hospital

The ‘‘omics sciences’’ (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics) are often used to study living organisms as a whole system by evaluating the complex expression patterns of genes, miRNA, proteins, and metabolites. This study aimed, through bioinformatics and systems biology, to decipher the cytokinome profile in the evolution of inflammatory processes leading to cancer. The cytokinome was defined as the totality of cytokines and their interactions in and around biological cells. The system biology approach would provide a better understanding of the complex interaction network of cytokines, especially in cancer patients. Acquired knowledge would enable health providers with tools to evaluate disease onset through progression as well as identifying innovative therapeutic strategies. Understanding the role each cytokine plays in the metabolic network is of great importance. This paper reviews our group’s ‘‘omics’’ work. In particular, it addresses the role cytokines play in liver disease in six different scenarios. The first is the role the cytokines play in chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers. The second is the significance of the cytokinome profile. The third is the role of liver cirrhosis as an inflammatory disease. The fourth is the comparison of cytokine levels evaluated in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) or with HCV-related cirrhosis. The fifth is the comparison of cytokine levels evaluated in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis in the presence and absence of type 2 diabetes. And lastly, we present a comparison of cytokine levels evaluated in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis in the presence and absence of hepatocellular carcinoma.

关键词： Cytokinome Hepatitis C virus Cirrhosis Type 2 diabetes Hepatocellular carcinoma Interactome Systems biology

Telomere shortening is associated with corticosterone stress response in adult barn swallows

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 93-101页

作者： alessandra COSTANZO Roberto AMBROSINI Marco PAROLINI Manuela CAPRIOLI Simona SECOMANDI Diego RUBOLINI Leonida FUSANI Virginie CANOINE Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of Milanvia Celoria 26I-20133 MilanItaly Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology University of ViennaAlthanstr.141090 ViennaAustria Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaSavoyenstr.1a1160 ViennaAustria

When vertebrates face stressful events,the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal(HPA)axis is activated,generating a rapid increase in circulating glucocorticoid(GC)stress hormones followed by a return to baseline ***,repeated activation of HPA axis may lead to increase in oxidative *** target of oxidative stress is telomeres,nucleoprotein complexes at the end of chromosomes that shorten at each cell *** susceptibility of telomeres to oxidizing molecules has led to the hypothesis that increased GC levels boost telomere shortening,but studies on this link are *** studied if,in barn swallows Hirundo rustica,changes in adult erythrocyte telomere length between 2 consecutive breeding seasons are related to corticosterone(CORT)(the main avian GC)stress response induced by a standard capture-restraint ***-individual telomere length did not significantly change between consecutive breeding ***-year individuals showed the highest increase in circulating CORT concentrations following ***,we found a decline in female stress response along the breeding *** addition,telomere shortening covaried with the stress response:a delayed activation of the negative feedback loop terminating the stress response was associated with greater telomere ***,among-individual variation in stress response may affect telomere dynamics.

关键词： allostasis corticosterone Hirundo rustica stress response telomere

Shedding light on electrodeposition dynamics tracked in situ via soft X-ray coherent diffraction imaging

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Nano Research 2016年第7期9卷 2046-2056页

作者： George Kourousias Benedetto Bozzini alessandra Gianoncelli Michael W. M. Jones Mark Junker Grant van Riessen Maya Kiskinova Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste ScpA SS 14-km 163.5 in Area Science Park 34149 Trieste ltaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'lnnovazione Universita del Salento via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy Australian Synchrotron Clayton 3168 Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science La Trobe University Bundoora 3089 Australia Department of Chemistry and Physics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University Bundoora 3086 Australia

The in situ physicochemical analysis of nanostructured functional materials is crucial for advances in their design and production. X-ray coherent diffraction imaging （CDI） methods have recently demonstrated impressive potential for characterizing such materials with a high spatial resolution and elemental sensitivity; however, moving from the current ex situ static regime to the in situ dynamic one remains a challenge. By combining soft X-ray ptychography and single-shot keyhole CDI, we performed the first in situ spatiotemporal study on an electrodeposition process in a sealed wet environment, employed for the fabrication of oxygen-reduction catalysts, which are key components for alkaline fuel cells and metal-air batteries. The results provide the first experimental demonstration of theoretically predicted Turing-Hopf electrochemical pattern formation resulting from morphochemical coupling, adding a new dimension for the in-depth in situ characterization of electrodeposition processes in space and time.

关键词： in situ electrodeposition X-ray coherent diffractionimaging keyhole coherentdiffraction imaging (CDI) X-ray ptychography

Low-dose computed tomography with 4th-generation iterative reconstruction algorithm in assessment of oncologic patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第10期9卷 423-430页

作者： Davide Ippolito alessandra Silvia Casiraghi Cammillo Talei Franzesi Davide Fior Franca Meloni Sandro Sironi Department of Diagnostic Radiology 'San Gerardo' Hospital School of Medicine University of Milano-Bicocca Department of Diagnostic Radiology 'Papa Giovanni XXIII' Hospital

AIM To compare radiation dose and image quality of lowdose computed tomography(CT) protocol combined with hybrid-iterative reconstruction algorithm with standarddose CT examinations for follow-up of oncologic patients. METHODS Fifty-one patients with known malignant diseases which underwent, during clinical follow-up, both standarddose and low-dose whole-body CT scans were enrolled. Low-dose CT was performed on 256-row scanner, with 120 kV and automated m A modulation, and iterative reconstruction algorithm. Standard-dose CT was performed on 16-rows scanner, with 120 kV, 200-400 m As(depending on patient weight). We evaluated density values and signal-to-noise ratio, along with image noise(SD), sharpness and diagnostic quality with 4-point *** Density values in liver, spleen and aorta were higher in lowdose images(liver 112.55 HU vs 103.90 HU, P < 0.001), as SD values in liver and spleen(liver 16.81 vs 14.41). Volumetric-Computed-Tomographic-Dose-Index(CTDIvol) and Dose-Length-Product(DLP) were significantly lower in low-dose CT as compared to standard-dose(DLP 1025.6 m Gy*cm vs 1429.2 m Gy*cm, P < 0.001) with overall dose reduction of 28.9%. Qualitative analysis did not reveal significant differences in image noise and diagnostic *** Automatic tube-current modulation combined with hybriditerative algorithm allows radiation dose reduction of 28.9% without loss of diagnostic quality, being useful in reducing dose exposure in oncologic patients.

关键词： Computed tomography Low-dose computed tomography Tube current modulation Oncologic imaging Radiation dose

Intestinal epithelial cells in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第34期16卷 4264-4271页

作者： Giulia Roda Alessandro Sartini Elisabetta Zambon Andrea Calafiore Margherita Marocchi alessandra Caponi Andrea Belluzzi Enrico Roda Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bologna Gastroenterology Unit S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital 40138 Bologna Italy

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) seems to involve a primary defect in one or more of the elements responsible for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and oral tolerance. The most important element is represented by the intestinal barrier, a complex system formed mostly by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). IECs have an active role in producing mucus and regulating its composition; they provide a physical barrier capable of controlling antigen traff ic through the intestinal mucosa. At the same time, they are able to play the role of non-professional antigen presenting cells, by processing and presenting antigens directly to the cells of the intestinal immune system. On the other hand, immune cells regulate epithelial growth and differentiation, producing a continuous bi-directional cross-talk within the barrier. Several alterations of the barrier function have been identif ied in IBD, starting from mucus features up to its components, from epithelial junctions up to the Toll-like receptors, and altered immune responses. It remains to be understood whether these defects are primary causes of epithelial damage or secondary effects. We review the possible role of the epithelial barrier and particularly describe the role of IECs in the pathogenesis of IBD.

关键词： Intestinal epithelial cells Epithelial barrier Tight junctions Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis