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Spatiotemporal variations of ozone exposure and its risks to vegetation and human health in Cyprus:an analysis across a gradient of altitudes

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 579-594页

作者： Stefanos Agathokleous Costas JSaitanis Chrysanthos Savvides Pierre Sicard Evgenios Agathokleous alessandra de marco The Cyprus Institute NicosiaCyprus University of the Aegean MytileneLesvosGreece Agricultural University of Athens AthensGreece department of Labour Inspection Ministry of Labour and Social InsuranceNicosiaCyprus ARGANS 260 route du Pin MontardBiotFrance School of Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044People’s Republic of China National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentRomeItaly

Ground-level ozone(O_(3)) aff ects vegetation and threatens environmental health when levels exceed critical values,above which adverse eff ects are *** is expected to be a hotspot for O_(3)concentrations due to its unique position in the eastern Mediterranean,receiving air masses from Europe,African,and Asian continents,and experiencing a warm Mediterranean *** Cyprus,the spatiotemporal features of O_(3) are poorly understood and the potential risks for forest health have not been *** evaluated O_(3) and nitrogen oxides(NO and NO 2)at four regional background stations at different altitudes over 2014−2016.O_(3) risks to vegetation and human health were estimated by calculating accumulated O_(3)exposure over a threshold of 40 nmol mol^(−1)(AOT40)and cumulative exposure to mixing ratios above 35 nmol mol^(−1)(SOMO35)*** data reveal that mean O_(3)concentrations follow a seasonal pattern,with higher levels in spring(51.8 nmol mol^(−1))and summer(53.2 nmol mol^(−1))and lower levels in autumn(46.9 nmol mol^(−1))and winter(43.3 nmol mol^(−1)).The highest mean O_(3)exposure(59.5 nmol mol^(−1)) in summer occurred at the high elevation station ***(1819 m a.s.l.).Increasing(decreasing)altitudinal gradients were found for O_(3)(NO x),driven by summer–winter diff *** diurnal patterns of O_(3) showed little *** at the lowest altitude O_(3) displayed a typical O_(3) diurnal pattern,with hourly diff erences smaller than 15 nmol mol^(−1).Accumulated O_(3) exposures at all stations and in all years exceeded the European Union’s limits for the protection of vegetation,with average values of 3-month(limit:3000 nmol mol^(−1)h)and 6-month(limit:5000 nmol mol^(−1)h)AOT40 for crops and forests of 16,564 and 31,836 nmol mol^(−1)h,respectively.O_(3) exposures were considerably high for human health,with an average SOMO35 value of 7270 nmol mol^(−1) days across stations and *** results indicate that O_(3) is a major environm

关键词： Air pollution Ozone risk assessment Exposure metrics Vegetation Human health

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Testing visible ozone injury within a Light Exposed Sampling Site as a proxy for ozone risk assessment for European forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第4期32卷 1351-1359页

作者： Pierre Sicard Yasutomo Hoshika Elisa Carrari alessandra de marco Elena Paoletti ARGANS 260 route du Pin Montard06410 BiotFrance IRET-CNR Via Madonna del Piano 1050019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and Forestry(DAGRI)University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly ENEA Via Anguillarese 30100123 Santa Maria di GaleriaItaly

Biologically meaningful and cost-effective indicators are needed for assessing and monitoring the impacts of tropospheric ozone(0_(3)) on vegetation and are required in Europe by the National Emission Ceilings Directive(2016).However,a clear understanding on the best suited indicators is *** MOTTLES(MOnitoring ozone injury for seTTing new critical LEvelS) project set up a new generation network for 0_(3) monitoring in forest plots in order to:1) estimate the stomatal 0_(3) fluxes(Phytotoxic Ozone Dose above a threshold Y of uptake,PODY);and 2) collect visible foliar 0_(3) injury,both within the forest plot(ITP) and along the Light Exposed Sampling Site(LESS) along the forest *** forest sites at high 0_(3) risk were selected across Italy over 2017-2019 and significant correlations(p derived within the LESS and it was recommended using11 mmol m^(-2) POD1 as the critical level for forest protection against 0_(3) injury,similar to the critical level obtained in the ITP(12 mmol m^(-2) POD1).It was concluded that the frequency of symptomatic plant species within a LESS is a suitable and effective plant-response indicator of phytotoxic 0_(3) levels in forest *** is a non-destructive,less complex and less time-consuming approach compared to the ITP for monitoring foliar 0_(3) injury in the long *** visible foliar 0_(3) injury in the ITP might only underestimate the 0_(3) risk assessment at individual *** results are biologically meaningful and useful to monitoring experts and environmental policy makers.

关键词： Cost-effective indicator Forest monitoring Light-Exposed Sampling Site Ozone Phytotoxic ozone dose Visible injury

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Trends in tropospheric ozone concentrations and forest impact metrics in Europe over the time period 2000–2014

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 543-551页

作者： Chiara Proietti Maria Francesca Fornasier Pierre Sicard Alessandro Anav Elena Paoletti alessandra de marco Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research(ISPRA) via Brancati 4800144 RomeItaly ARGANS 260 route du Pin Montard06410 BiotFrance Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and the EnvironmentC.R.Casaccia00123 RomeItaly IRET-CNR Via Madonna del Piano 10Florence50019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly

In Europe,tropospheric ozone pollution appears as a major air quality issue,and ozone concentrations remain potentially harmful to *** this study we compared the trends of two ozone metrics widely used for forests protection in Europe,the AOT40(Accumulated Ozone over Threshold of 40 ppb)which only depends on surface air ozone concentrations,and the Phytotoxic Ozone Dose which is the accumulated ozone uptake through stomata over the growing season,and above a threshold Y of uptake(PODY).By using a chemistry transport model,we found that European-averaged ground-level ozone concentrations(−2%)and AOT40 metric(−26.5%)significantly declined from 2000 to 2014,due to successful control strategies to reduce the emission of ozone precursors in Europe since the early *** contrast,the stomatal ozone uptake by forests increased from 17.5 to 26.6 mmol O3 m^(−2)despite the reduction in ozone concentrations,leading to an increase of potential ozone damage on plants in *** a climate change context,a biologically-sound stomatal flux-based standard(PODY)as new European legislative standard is needed.

关键词： Tropospheric ozone AOT40 POD Trendm Mann-Kendall test

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Epidemiological derivation of fl ux-based critical levels for visible ozone injury in European forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1509-1519页

作者： Pierre Sicard alessandra de marco Elisa Carrari Laurence Dalstein-Richier Yasutomo Hoshika Ovidiu Badea Diana Pitar Silvano Fares Adriano Conte Ionel Popa Elena Paoletti ARGANS 260 route du Pin Montard06410 BiotFrance ENEA Via Anguillarese 30100123 Santa Maria di GaleriaItaly IRET-CNR Via Madonna del Piano 1050019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly GIEFS 69 avenue des Hespérides06300 NiceFrance INCDS 128 Eroilor Bvd.077030 VoluntariRomania CREA Viale S.Margherita 8052100 ArezzoItaly

The European MOTTLES project set-up a newgeneration network for ozone(O 3)monitoring in 17 plots in France,Italy and *** monitoring stations allowed:(1)estimating the accumulated exposure AOT40 and stomatal O 3 fl uxes(PODY)with an hourly threshold of uptake(Y)to represent the detoxifi cation capacity of trees(POD1,with Y=1 nmol O 3 m^−2 s^−1 per leaf area);and(2)collecting data of forest-response indicators,*** defoliation and visible foliar O 3-like injury over the time period 2017–*** soil water content was the most important parameter aff ecting crown defoliation and was a key factor aff ecting the severity of visible foliar O 3-like injury on the dominant tree species in a *** soil water content is thus an essential parameter in the PODY estimation,particularly for water-limited *** assessment based on stomatal fl ux-based standard and on real plant symptoms is more appropriated than the exposure-based method for protecting *** fl ux-eff ect relationships,we derived fl ux-based critical levels(CLef)for forest protection against visible foliar O 3-like *** recommend CLef of 5 and 12 mmol m^−2 POD1 for broadleaved species and conifers,*** using PODY as legislative standard in Europe,we recommend using the CLec for≥25%of crown defoliation in a plot:17,000 and 19,000 nmol mol^−1 h AOT40 for conifers and broadleaved species,respectively.

关键词： POD Critical levels Ozone Visible injury Epidemiology

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Mindfulness training in medical education as a means to improve resilience,empathy,and mental health in the medical profession

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 489-493页

作者： Edison Iglesias de Oliveira Vidal Luiz Fernando Alvarenga Ribeiro marco Antonio de Carvalho-Filho Fernanda Bono Fukushima Internal Medicine department Botucatu Medical SchoolSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Botucatu 18618-687SPBrazil Wenckebach Institute for Education and Training LEARN-Lifelong LearningEducation and Assessment Research NetworkUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713AVGroningenNetherlands Assertiva Mindfulness Botucatu 18603-970SPBrazil Surgical Specialties and Anesthesiology department Botucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University(UNESP)Botucatu 18618-687SPBrazil

The high rates of depression,burnout,and increased risk of suicide among medical students,residents,and physicians in comparison with other careers signal a mental health crisis within our *** contend that this crisis coupled with the inadequate acquisition of interpersonal skills during medical education results from the interaction between a challenging environment and the mental capital of ***,we posit that mindfulness-based practices are instrumental for the development of major components of mental capital,such as resilience,flexibility of mind,and learning skills,while also serving as a pathway to enhance empathy,compassion,self-awareness,conflict resolution,and relational ***,the evidence base supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions has been increasing over the years,and a growing number of medical schools have already integrated mindfulness into their *** we acknowledge that mindfulness is not a panacea for all educational and mental health problems in this field,we argue that there is currently an unprecedented opportunity to gather momentum,spread and study mindfulness-based programs in medical schools around the world as a way to address some longstanding shortcomings of the medical profession and the health and educational systems upon which it is rooted.

关键词： Mindfulness Medical education Mental capital Mental health Medical students Resilience

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Overlapping approach Proton Pump Inhibitors/Nux vomica-Heel as new intervention for gastro-esophageal reflux management:delphi consensus study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2467-2478页

作者： Edda Battaglia Luciano Bertolusso marco del Prete marco Monzani marco Astegiano Gastroenterology Unit ASLTO4Ivrea 10015TurinItaly General Practitioner ASL CN2Alba-Bra 12051CuneoItaly Specialist in Nephrology International Academy of Physiological Regulating Medicine Milan 20100Italy Specialist in Endocrinology Territorial Social and Health Authority of BrianzaMonza 20900Italy Gastroenterology Specialist Retired from Gastroenterology and Hepatology UnitAOU Cittàdella Salute e della ScienzaTurin 10123Italy

BACKGROUND Gastro-esophageal reflux disease(GERD)may affect the upper digestive tract;up to 20%of population in Western nations are affected by ***,histamine H2-receptor antagonists,and Proton Pump Inhibitors(PPIs)are considered the referring medications for ***,PPIs must be managed carefully because their use,especially chronic,could be linked with some adverse *** effective and safe alternative pharmacological tool for GERD is *** the identification of potentially new medications to flank PPIs,it is mandatory to revise and improve good clinical practices even through a consensus *** To optimize diagnosis and treatment guidelines for GERD through a consensus based on delphi *** The availability of clinical studies describing the action of the multicomponent/multitarget medication Nux vomica-Heel,subject of the consensus,is the basic prerequisite for the consensus itself.A modified delphi process was used to reach a consensus among a panel of Italian GERD specialists on the overlapping approach PPIs/Nux vomica-Heel as a new intervention model for the management of *** Voting Consensus group was composed of 49 Italian Medical Doctors with different specializations:Gastroenterology,otolaryngology,geriatrics,and general medicine.A scientific committee analyzed the literature,determined areas that required investigation(in agreement with the multiple-choice questionnaire results),and identified two topics of interest:(1)GERD disease;and(2)GERD *** for each of these topics were then formulated and *** delphi process involved two rounds of questioning submitted to the panel experts using an online *** According to their routinary GERD practice and current clinical evidence,the panel members provided feedback to each questionnaire *** experts evaluated 15 statements and reached consensus on all *** statements regarding the GERD disease showed high levels of

关键词： Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Proton Pump Inhibitors Consensus Nux vomica-Heel Overlapping decalage

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Lower limb suspension induces threshold-specific alterations of motor units properties that are reversed by active recovery

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 264-276页

作者： Giacomo Valli Fabio Sarto Andrea Casolo Alessandro del Vecchio Martino V.Franchi marco V.Narici Giuseppe de Vito department of Biomedical Sciences University of PadovaPadova 35131Italy department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering Friedrich-Alexander UniversityErlangen-Nurnberg 91052Germany

Purpose:This study aimed to non-invasively test the hypothesis that(a) short-term lower limb unloading would induce changes in the neural control of force production(based on motor units(MUs) properties) in the vastus lateralis muscle and(b) possible changes are reversed by active recovery(AR).Methods:Ten young males underwent 10 days of unilateral lower limb suspension(ULLS) followed by 21 days of *** ULLS,participants walked exclusively on crutches with the dominant leg suspended in a slightly flexed position(15°-20°) and with the contralateral foot raised by an elevated *** AR was based on resistance exercise(leg press and leg extension) and executed at 70% of each participant’s 1repetition maximum,3 times/*** voluntary isometric contraction(MVC) of knee extensors and MUs properties of the vastus lateralis muscle were measured at baseline,after ULLS,and after *** were identified using high-density electromyography during trapezoidal isometric contractions at 10%,25%,and 50% of the current MVC,and individual MUs were tracked across the 3 data collection ***:We identified 1428 unique MUs,and 270 of them(18.9%) were accurately *** ULLS,MVC decreased by 29.77%,MUs absolute recruitment/derecruitment thresholds were reduced at all contraction intensities(with changes between the 2 variables strongly correlated),while discharge rate was reduced at 10% and 25% but not at 50% *** MVC and MUs properties fully recovered to baseline levels after *** changes were observed in the pool of total as well as tracked ***:Our novel results demonstrate,non-invasively,that 10 days of ULLS affected neural control predominantly by altering the discharge rate of lower-threshold but not of higher-threshold MUs,suggesting a preferential impact of disuse on motoneurons with a lower depolarization ***,after 21 days of AR,the impaired MUs properties were fully restored to baseline levels,highlighting the plas

关键词： Disuse High-density EMG Muscle disuse Neural impairment Neuromuscular degeneration

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Microglia out of place—mapping macrophages across the developing human body

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 210-212页

作者： Roman Sankowski marco Prinz Institute of Neuropathology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Signalling Research Centres BIOsS and CIBSs University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

Macrophages(MΦs)are versatile cells found in every *** the body,they work tirelessly to maintain *** this end,they are instructed by their respective niches to express organ-specific genes and proteins,resulting in a variety of cell morphologies and highly specialized functions across different tissues[1].A recent study by Wang et *** single-cell RNA sequencing to comprehensively profile human MΦphenotypes across 19 organs between postconception weeks(PCW)4 and 26[2].This study revealed a surprising diversity of these cells and suggests new avenues of research.

关键词： organs instru

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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before endoscopic ultrasound guided tissue acquisition to reduce the incidence of post procedural pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 811-816页

作者： Mike de Jong Foke van delft Christine Roozen Erwin-Jan van Geenen Tanya Bisseling Peter Siersema marco Bruno department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegen 6525 GANetherlands department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)with fine needle aspiration or fine needle biopsy is the gold standard for sampling tissue to diagnose pancreatic cancer and auto-immune pancreatitis or to analyze cyst *** most common reported adverse event of fine needle aspiration and/or fine needle biopsy is acute pancreatitis,which is likely induced by the same pathophysiological mechanisms as after en-doscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).According to the current European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are administered prior to ERCP as a scientifically proven treatment to reduce post-ERCP pancreatitis incidence rate.A single suppository of diclofenac or indomethacin prior to EUS guided tissue acquisition(TA)is harm-less in healthy *** it is associated with low costs and,most important,may prevent a dreadsome complication,we strongly recommend the adminis-tration of 100 mg diclofenac rectally prior to *** will explain this recom-mendation in more detail in this review as well as the risk and pathophysiology of post-EUS TA pancreatitis.

关键词： Pancreatitis Endoscopic ultrasound Tissue acquisition Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs Pancreatic cancer

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Potential and progress of studying mountain biodiversity by means of butterfly genetics and genomics

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第3期51卷 292-301页

作者： Shuting Wang marco Girardello Wei Zhang State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China cE3c-Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity GroupFaculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e do AmbienteUniversidade dos Açores9700-042 Angra do HeroísmoTerceiraPortugal

Mountains are rich in biodiversity,and butterflies are species-rich and have a good ecological and evolutionary research *** review addresses the potential and progress of studying mountain biodiversity using butterflies as a *** discuss the uniqueness of mountain ecosystems,factors influencing the distribution of mountain butterflies,representative genetic and evolutionary models in butterfly research,and evolutionary studies of mountain biodiversity involving butterfly genetics and ***,we demonstrate the necessity of studying mountain butterflies and propose future *** review provides insights for studying the biodiversity of mountain butterflies as well as a summary of research methods for reference.

关键词： Mountain ecosystem Butterfly Biodiversity Adaptation Genomics Genetics

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