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Testing visible ozone injury within a Light Exposed Sampling Site as a proxy for ozone risk assessment for European forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第4期32卷 1351-1359页

作者： Pierre Sicard Yasutomo Hoshika Elisa Carrari alessandra de marco Elena Paoletti ARGANS 260 route du Pin Montard06410 BiotFrance IRET-CNR Via Madonna del Piano 1050019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and Forestry(DAGRI)University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly ENEA Via Anguillarese 30100123 Santa Maria di GaleriaItaly

Biologically meaningful and cost-effective indicators are needed for assessing and monitoring the impacts of tropospheric ozone(0_(3)) on vegetation and are required in Europe by the National Emission Ceilings Directive(2016).However,a clear understanding on the best suited indicators is *** MOTTLES(MOnitoring ozone injury for seTTing new critical LEvelS) project set up a new generation network for 0_(3) monitoring in forest plots in order to:1) estimate the stomatal 0_(3) fluxes(Phytotoxic Ozone Dose above a threshold Y of uptake,PODY);and 2) collect visible foliar 0_(3) injury,both within the forest plot(ITP) and along the Light Exposed Sampling Site(LESS) along the forest *** forest sites at high 0_(3) risk were selected across Italy over 2017-2019 and significant correlations(p derived within the LESS and it was recommended using11 mmol m^(-2) POD1 as the critical level for forest protection against 0_(3) injury,similar to the critical level obtained in the ITP(12 mmol m^(-2) POD1).It was concluded that the frequency of symptomatic plant species within a LESS is a suitable and effective plant-response indicator of phytotoxic 0_(3) levels in forest *** is a non-destructive,less complex and less time-consuming approach compared to the ITP for monitoring foliar 0_(3) injury in the long *** visible foliar 0_(3) injury in the ITP might only underestimate the 0_(3) risk assessment at individual *** results are biologically meaningful and useful to monitoring experts and environmental policy makers.

关键词： Cost-effective indicator Forest monitoring Light-Exposed Sampling Site Ozone Phytotoxic ozone dose Visible injury

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Spatiotemporal variations of ozone exposure and its risks to vegetation and human health in Cyprus:an analysis across a gradient of altitudes

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 579-594页

作者： Stefanos Agathokleous Costas JSaitanis Chrysanthos Savvides Pierre Sicard Evgenios Agathokleous alessandra de marco The Cyprus Institute NicosiaCyprus University of the Aegean MytileneLesvosGreece Agricultural University of Athens AthensGreece department of Labour Inspection Ministry of Labour and Social InsuranceNicosiaCyprus ARGANS 260 route du Pin MontardBiotFrance School of Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044People’s Republic of China National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentRomeItaly

Ground-level ozone(O_(3)) aff ects vegetation and threatens environmental health when levels exceed critical values,above which adverse eff ects are *** is expected to be a hotspot for O_(3)concentrations due to its unique position in the eastern Mediterranean,receiving air masses from Europe,African,and Asian continents,and experiencing a warm Mediterranean *** Cyprus,the spatiotemporal features of O_(3) are poorly understood and the potential risks for forest health have not been *** evaluated O_(3) and nitrogen oxides(NO and NO 2)at four regional background stations at different altitudes over 2014−2016.O_(3) risks to vegetation and human health were estimated by calculating accumulated O_(3)exposure over a threshold of 40 nmol mol^(−1)(AOT40)and cumulative exposure to mixing ratios above 35 nmol mol^(−1)(SOMO35)*** data reveal that mean O_(3)concentrations follow a seasonal pattern,with higher levels in spring(51.8 nmol mol^(−1))and summer(53.2 nmol mol^(−1))and lower levels in autumn(46.9 nmol mol^(−1))and winter(43.3 nmol mol^(−1)).The highest mean O_(3)exposure(59.5 nmol mol^(−1)) in summer occurred at the high elevation station ***(1819 m a.s.l.).Increasing(decreasing)altitudinal gradients were found for O_(3)(NO x),driven by summer–winter diff *** diurnal patterns of O_(3) showed little *** at the lowest altitude O_(3) displayed a typical O_(3) diurnal pattern,with hourly diff erences smaller than 15 nmol mol^(−1).Accumulated O_(3) exposures at all stations and in all years exceeded the European Union’s limits for the protection of vegetation,with average values of 3-month(limit:3000 nmol mol^(−1)h)and 6-month(limit:5000 nmol mol^(−1)h)AOT40 for crops and forests of 16,564 and 31,836 nmol mol^(−1)h,respectively.O_(3) exposures were considerably high for human health,with an average SOMO35 value of 7270 nmol mol^(−1) days across stations and *** results indicate that O_(3) is a major environm

关键词： Air pollution Ozone risk assessment Exposure metrics Vegetation Human health

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Trends in tropospheric ozone concentrations and forest impact metrics in Europe over the time period 2000–2014

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 543-551页

作者： Chiara Proietti Maria Francesca Fornasier Pierre Sicard Alessandro Anav Elena Paoletti alessandra de marco Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research(ISPRA) via Brancati 4800144 RomeItaly ARGANS 260 route du Pin Montard06410 BiotFrance Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and the EnvironmentC.R.Casaccia00123 RomeItaly IRET-CNR Via Madonna del Piano 10Florence50019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly

In Europe,tropospheric ozone pollution appears as a major air quality issue,and ozone concentrations remain potentially harmful to *** this study we compared the trends of two ozone metrics widely used for forests protection in Europe,the AOT40(Accumulated Ozone over Threshold of 40 ppb)which only depends on surface air ozone concentrations,and the Phytotoxic Ozone Dose which is the accumulated ozone uptake through stomata over the growing season,and above a threshold Y of uptake(PODY).By using a chemistry transport model,we found that European-averaged ground-level ozone concentrations(−2%)and AOT40 metric(−26.5%)significantly declined from 2000 to 2014,due to successful control strategies to reduce the emission of ozone precursors in Europe since the early *** contrast,the stomatal ozone uptake by forests increased from 17.5 to 26.6 mmol O3 m^(−2)despite the reduction in ozone concentrations,leading to an increase of potential ozone damage on plants in *** a climate change context,a biologically-sound stomatal flux-based standard(PODY)as new European legislative standard is needed.

关键词： Tropospheric ozone AOT40 POD Trendm Mann-Kendall test

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Epidemiological derivation of fl ux-based critical levels for visible ozone injury in European forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1509-1519页

作者： Pierre Sicard alessandra de marco Elisa Carrari Laurence Dalstein-Richier Yasutomo Hoshika Ovidiu Badea Diana Pitar Silvano Fares Adriano Conte Ionel Popa Elena Paoletti ARGANS 260 route du Pin Montard06410 BiotFrance ENEA Via Anguillarese 30100123 Santa Maria di GaleriaItaly IRET-CNR Via Madonna del Piano 1050019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly GIEFS 69 avenue des Hespérides06300 NiceFrance INCDS 128 Eroilor Bvd.077030 VoluntariRomania CREA Viale S.Margherita 8052100 ArezzoItaly

The European MOTTLES project set-up a newgeneration network for ozone(O 3)monitoring in 17 plots in France,Italy and *** monitoring stations allowed:(1)estimating the accumulated exposure AOT40 and stomatal O 3 fl uxes(PODY)with an hourly threshold of uptake(Y)to represent the detoxifi cation capacity of trees(POD1,with Y=1 nmol O 3 m^−2 s^−1 per leaf area);and(2)collecting data of forest-response indicators,*** defoliation and visible foliar O 3-like injury over the time period 2017–*** soil water content was the most important parameter aff ecting crown defoliation and was a key factor aff ecting the severity of visible foliar O 3-like injury on the dominant tree species in a *** soil water content is thus an essential parameter in the PODY estimation,particularly for water-limited *** assessment based on stomatal fl ux-based standard and on real plant symptoms is more appropriated than the exposure-based method for protecting *** fl ux-eff ect relationships,we derived fl ux-based critical levels(CLef)for forest protection against visible foliar O 3-like *** recommend CLef of 5 and 12 mmol m^−2 POD1 for broadleaved species and conifers,*** using PODY as legislative standard in Europe,we recommend using the CLec for≥25%of crown defoliation in a plot:17,000 and 19,000 nmol mol^−1 h AOT40 for conifers and broadleaved species,respectively.

关键词： POD Critical levels Ozone Visible injury Epidemiology

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Emerging challenges of ozone impacts on asian plants:actions are needed to protect ecosystem health

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2021年第1期7卷 107-120页

作者： Zhaozhong Feng Evgenios Agathokleous Xu Yue Elina Oksanen Elena Paoletti Hiroyuki Sase Anthony Gandin Takayoshi Koike Vicent Calatayud Xiangyang Yuan Xuejun Liu alessandra de marco Yves Jolivet Sari Kontunen-Soppela Yasutomo Hoshika Hikaru Saji Pin Li Zhengzhen Li Makoto Watanabe Kazuhiko Kobayashi Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province School of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjingChina School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjingChina department of Environmental and Biological Sciences University of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems National Research CouncilSesto FiorentinoItaly Ecological Impact Research department Asia Center for Air Pollution Research(ACAP)NiigataNishi-kuJapan AgroParisTech INRAUMR SilvaUniversitéDe LorraineNancyFrance department of Forest Science Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan Fundación CEAM ValenciaPaternaSpain State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of MOEBeijing Key Laboratory of Cropland Pollution Control and RemediationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina department for Sustainability(SSPT) Italian National Agency for New TechnologiesEnergy and Sustainable Economic Development(ENEA)RomeItaly Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental StudiesIbarakiTsukubaJapan Institute of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyTokyoFuchuJapan Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences the University of TokyoTokyoBunkyo-kuJapan

Context:Ozone concentrations near the land surface are rising in Asia while they are declining or stagnating in Europe and North *** is the most widespread air pollutant negatively affecting vegetation,and its increased concentrations pose a major threat to food quality and production and other ecosystem services in ***:In this review,we provide an overview of scientific challenges in the impacts of ozone pollution on Asian vegetation,and synthesize the challenges toward mitigation of the ***:We argue that new policy initiatives need to seek both reduction of ozone levels and enhancement of plant tolerance to ozone to maintain food quality and ensure food ***:The scientific advancements must be transferred to actions by two types of institutions:a)environmental agencies for reducing ozone levels and b)agricultural research institutions for enhancing plant tolerance to *** connecting the scientific advancements with the institutional actions,scientists in Asian countries should play the key role taking advantages of interdisciplinary and international collaborations.

关键词： Asia air pollution monitoring ecosystem health environmental regulation ozone impact mitigation vegetation

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Disentangling the role of wave function overlap, exciton–exciton interaction, carrier confinement and shape in the properties of spherical quantum wells

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 949-957页

作者： marco Califano Pollard Institute School of Electronic and Electrical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Bragg Centre for Materials Research University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

There is a widespread conviction,fuelled by simple effective mass theoretical modelling,that the enhanced optical properties of quantum shells(i.e.,CdS/CdSe/CdS core/shell in a shell structures)derive from a combination of relaxed carrier confinement,decreased overlap between electron and hole wave functions,reduced Coulomb interaction between photoinduced charge carriers and exciton-exciton repulsion,achieved in these nanoscopic spherical quantum wells(SQWs)by shape *** the origins of such properties by means of a more sophisticated theoretical framework is however important to ensure that future efforts at further improvement do not pursue the wrong *** the atomistic semiempirical pseudopotential method,we show that most of the assumptions behind such effects are incorrect,and that the origins of the peculiar optical properties of quantum shells are to be found elsewhere.

关键词： semiconductor nanocrystals quantum shells optical properties electronic structure pseudopotential method

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Role of copper chelating agents: between old applications and new perspectives in neuroscience

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 751-762页

作者： Rosalba Leuci Leonardo Brunetti Vincenzo Tufarelli marco Cerini marco Paparella Nikola Puvača Luca Piemontese department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science University of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area(DiMePRe-J) Section of Veterinary Science and Animal ProductionUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly department of Engineering Management in Biotechnology Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi SadUniversity Business Academy in Novi SadNovi SadSerbia

The role of copper element has been an increasingly relevant topic in recent years in the fields of human and animal health, for both the study of new drugs and innovative food and feed supplements. This metal plays an important role in the central nervous system, where it is associated with glutamatergic signaling, and it is widely involved in inflammatory processes. Thus, diseases involving copper(Ⅱ) dyshomeostasis often have neurological symptoms, as exemplified by Alzheimer's and other diseases(such as Parkinson's and Wilson's diseases). Moreover, imbalanced copper ion concentrations have also been associated with diabetes and certain types of cancer, including glioma. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive overview of recent results that show the importance of these metal ions in several pathologies, mainly Alzheimer's disease, through the lens of the development and use of copper chelators as research compounds and potential therapeutics if included in multi-target hybrid drugs. Seeing how copper homeostasis is important for the well-being of animals as well as humans, we shortly describe the state of the art regarding the effects of copper and its chelators in agriculture, livestock rearing, and aquaculture, as ingredients for the formulation of feed supplements as well as to prevent the effects of pollution on animal productions.

关键词： agriculture Alzheimer's disease chelators copper feed supplements multi-target

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From mice to humans:a need for comparable results in mammalian neuroplasticity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 464-466页

作者： marco Ghibaudi Enrica Boda Luca Bonfanti Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi OrbassanoItaly department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinTurinItaly department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini University of TurinTurinItaly

Brain plasticity-A universal tool with many variations:The study of brain plasticity has been gaining interest since almost a century and has now reached a huge amount of information(>80,000 results in PubMed).Overall,different types of plasticity,including stem cell-driven genesis of new neurons(adult neurogenesis),cells in arrested maturation(dormant neurons),neuro-glial and synaptic plasticity,can coexist and contribute to grant plastic changes in the brain,from a cellular to system level(Benedetti and Couillard-despres,2022;Bonfanti et al.,2023).

关键词： plasticity al. arrest

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Correction To: Epidemiological derivation of flux-based critical levels for visible ozone injury in European forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1703-1703页

Correction to:***://***/10.1007/s11676-020-01191-x In the Original publication of the article,the authors found an error in the text“We recommend CLef of 5 and 12 mmol m−2 POD1 for broadleaved species and conifers,re... 详细信息

关键词： ozone visible derivation

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Tailoring sub-5 nm Fe-doped CeO2 nanocrystals within confined spaces to boost photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 263-277页

作者： Giuseppina Iervolino Olimpia Tammaro marco Fontana Bruno Masenelli Anne D.Lamirand Vincenzo Vaiano Serena Esposito department of Industrial Engineering University of Salerno department of Applied Science and Technology and INSTM Unit of Torino-Politecnico Politecnico di Torino Center for Sustainable Future Technologies POLITO Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia INSA Lyon Ecole Centrale de Lyon CNRS Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CPE LyonINL

This work aimed to study the efficiency of the reverse micelle（RM） preparation route in the syntheses of sub-5 nm Fe-doped CeO2nanocrystals for boosting the visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production from methanol aqueous *** effectiveness of confining precipitation reactions within micellar cages was evaluated through extensive physicochemical cha *** particula r,the nominal composition（0-5 mol% Fe） was preserved as ascertained by ICP-MS analysis,and the absence of separate iron-containing crystalline phases was supported by X-ray *** effective aliovalent doping and modulation of the optical properties were investigated using UV-Vis,Raman,and photoluminescence spectroscopies.2.5 mol% iron was found to be an optimal content to achieve a significant decrease in the band gap,enhance the concentration of oxygen vacancy defects,and increase the charge carrier *** photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped CeO2prepared at different Fe contents with RM preparation was studied and compared with undoped *** optimal iron load was identified to be2.5 mol%,achieving the highest hydrogen production(7566 μmol L-1after 240 min under visible light).Moreover,for comparison,the conventional precipitation（P） method was adopted to prepare iron containing CeO2at the optimal content（2.5 mol% Fe）.The Fe-doped CeO2catalyst prepared by RM showed a significantly higher hydrogen production than that obtained with the sample prepared by the P *** optimal Fe-doped CeO2,prepared by the RM method,was stable for six reuse ***,the role of water in the mechanism of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light was studied through the test in the presence of *** obtained results evidenced that hydrogen was produced from the reduction of H+by the electrons promoted in the conduction band,while methanol was preferentially oxidized by the photogenerated positive holes.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution Mesoporous CeO2 Photocatalysis Reverse micelles Sub-5 nm Fe-doped CeO2 Visible light

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