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Intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of a plant sterol food supplement in experimental murine colitis and cell co-culture models

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Mussa Makran Antonio Cilla Rosa María Giner María Carmen Recio Luisa Tesoriere alessandro Attanzio Guadalupe Garcia-Llatas Nutrition and Food Science Area， Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences， University of Valencia.Av.Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n department of Pharmacology， Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences， University of Valencia.Av.Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n department of Biological， Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies， University of Palermo

The potential of a plant sterol food supplement （PS-FS） in addressing intestinal inflammation in vivo and in vitro was evaluated. As in vivo model， C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 1.5% dextran sulfate sodium in three 5-day periods， with 10-day rest intervals in between， daily reciving PS-FS （35 mg PS/kg）. The in vitro approach involved a bi-cameral system with 8-day-differentiated Caco-2 （apical） and RAW264.7 cells （basolateral）. The bioaccessible fraction of PS-FS， obtained after INFOGEST 2.0 simulated gastrointestinal digestion， was added to the apical part （90 min）， followed by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide （1 μg/mL， 24 h）. PS-FS alleviated rectal bleeding and rebalanced pro- (tumor necrosis factor α， interleukin （IL）-6， and IL-8) and anti-inflammatory cytokines （IL-10）. Additionally， PS-FS ameliorated histopathological damage and enhancing occludin expression. A reduction in oxidative stress was evidenced by decreased myeloperoxidase activity and reactive oxygen species production. The anti-inflammatory mechanism included suppressing cyclooxygenase 2 expression， reducing prostaglandin E2production， and inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor κB p65 subunit. This study reveals the potential of PS-FS as a therapeutic intervention for colitis. The alignment between in vivo and in vitro outcomes substantiates the appropriateness of the co-culture model to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of foods.

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Characterization of the molecular dysfunctions occurring in Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome patients with mutations in AdAR1

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Genes & diseases 2024年第3期11卷 116-119页

作者： Sofan Al wardat Loredana Frasinlli Elisa Orecchini Federica Rey Silvia Anna Ciafre Silvia Galardi Jessica Garau Stella Gagliardi Simona Orcesi davide Tonduti Stephana Carelli Cristina Cereda Ernesto Picardi alessandro Michienzi department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome Tor VergataRome 00133Italy Pediatric Clinical Research Center"Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi" Department of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesUniversity of MilanoMilano 20157Italy Center of Functional Genomics and Rare diseases Department of PediatricsBuzzi Children's HospitalMilano20154Italy department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry IRccs Mondino FoundationPavia 27100Italy Unit of Pediatric Neurology C.O.A.L.A(Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Leukodystrophies)Buzzi Children's HospitalMilano 20154Italy department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and EnvironmentUniversityof Bari"AldoMoro"Bari 70125Italy Institute of Biomembranes Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies(IBIOM)National Research Council(CNR)Bari 70126Italy Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute(INBB) Rome00136Italy Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology IBBC-CNRCampus Adriano Buzzati TraversoRome 00015Italy

Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome(AGS)is a systemic inflammatory disorder caused by mutations in any one of the nine different genes,whose deficiency provokes a type I(interferon)IFN response probably central to pathogenesis.^(1) AdAR1,one of the genes mutated in AGS(AGS6),encodes for an enzyme that belongs to the AdAR family(AdAR1,AdAR2,and AdAR3)that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine to inosine within double-stranded RNAs(dsRNAs)(RNA editing A-to-1).

关键词： AdAR1 interferon res

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Influence of variable viscosity and double diffusion on the convective stability of a nanofluid flow in an inclined porous channel

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 563-580页

作者： N.HUMNEKAR d.SRINIVASACHARYA department of Mathematics National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004TelanganaIndia

The influence of variable viscosity and double diffusion on the convective stability of a nanofluid flow in an inclined porous channel is *** darcyBrinkman model is used to characterize the fluid flow dynamics in porous *** analytical solutions are obtained for the unidirectional and completely developed *** on a normal mode analysis,the generalized eigenvalue problem under a perturbed state is *** eigenvalue problem is then solved by the spectral ***,the critical Rayleigh number with the corresponding wavenumber is evaluated at the assigned values of the other flow-governing *** results show that increasing the darcy number,the Lewis number,the dufour parameter,or the Soret parameter increases the stability of the system,whereas increasing the inclination angle of the channel destabilizes the ***,the flow is the most unstable when the channel is vertically oriented.

关键词： nanofluid inclined channel variable viscosity linear stability double dif-fusion porous medium

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Compact and effective photon-resolved image scanning microscope

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 84-95页

作者： Giorgio Tortarolo alessandro Zunino Simonluca Piazza Mattia donato Sabrina Zappone Agnieszka Pierzyńska-Mach Marco Castello Giuseppe Vicidomini Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Molecular Microscopy and SpectroscopyGenoaItaly Genoa Instruments GenoaItaly University of Genoa Dipartimento di InformaticaBioingegneriaRobotica e Ingegneria dei SistemiGenoaItaly Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Nanoscopy and NIC@IITGenoaItaly École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Laboratory of Experimental BiophysicsLausanneSwitzerland

Fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy(LSM)is one of the most popular tools for life science *** popularity is expected to grow thanks to single-photon array detectors tailored for *** detectors offer unique single-photon spatiotemporal information,opening new perspectives for gentle and quantitative superresolution ***,a flawless recording of this information poses significant challenges for the microscope data acquisition(dAQ)*** present a dAQ module based on the digital frequency domain principle,able to record essential spatial and temporal features of *** use this module to extend the capabilities of established imaging techniques based on single-photon avalanche diode(SPAd)array detectors,such as fluorescence lifetime image scanning ***,we use the module to introduce a robust multispecies approach encoding the fluorophore excitation spectra in the time ***,we combine time-resolved stimulated emission depletion microscopy with image scanning microscopy,boosting spatial *** results demonstrate how a conventional fluorescence laser scanning microscope can transform into a simple,information-rich,superresolved imaging system with the simple addition of a SPAd array detector with a tailored data acquisition *** expected a blooming of advanced single-photon imaging techniques,which effectively harness all the sample information encoded in each photon.

关键词： fluorescence lifetime image scanning microscopy digital frequency domain single photon

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Effect of steam-pretreatment combined with hydrogen peroxide on lignocellulosic agricultural wastes for bioethanol production：Analysis of derived sugars and other by-products

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第2期27卷 535-543页

作者： alessandra Verardi alessandro Blasi Tiziana Marino Antonio Molino Vincenza Calabrò Laboratory of Transport Phenomena and Biotechnology Department of Computer Engineering Modeling Electronics and Systems Science (DIMES) University of Calabria Via Pietro Bucci Cube 39/A 1st Floor 1-87036 Arcavacata di Rende Cosenza (CS) Italy ENFA Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development CR Trisaia S.S. 106 lonica km 419+500-75026 Rotondella Matera (MT) Italy Institute on Membrane Technology ITM-CNR Via P. Bucci Cuba 17/c 1-87036 Arcavacata di Rende CS Italy ENEA. Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development CR Portici P.. Enrico Fermi 1 80055 Portici NA Italy

The hydrogen peroxide, a green impregnating agent suitable for lignocellulosic biomass to bioethanol process, was used to pretreat sugarcane bagasse by steam explosion. Two different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide（0.2% and 1%） were investigated. Then, the biomass was hydrolyzed after pretreatment using cellulase. The amount released of：（i） cellobiose;（ii） monosaccharides, as glucose, xylose, arabinose and mannose and（iii） lignocellulose derived by-products, as furans and small organic acids（acetic, formic,and levulinic acid）, was evaluated in the hydrolysate samples, previously pretreated both in the presence and absence of impregnating agent. By adding of hydrogen peroxide in steam-pretreatment, the average yield increase was 12% for glucose and as high as 34% for xylose, and cellobiose yield was decreased of about 30%. No significant increase has been observed in arabinose and mannose yield. Furthermore,the hydrogen peroxide seems not increased the formation of lignocellulose derived by-products during pretreatment process, with the exception of the levulinic acid.

关键词： Lignocellulose Hydrogen peroxide Steam explosion Enzymatic hydrolysis Bioethanol

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Improved Leap-frog Method for Time-domain Fault Location

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 670-674页

作者： Izudin džafić Rabih A.Jabr Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of SarajevoSarajevo 71000Bosnia and Herzegovina department of Electrical and Computer Engineering American University of BeirutBeirut 11072020Lebanon IEEE

The partial differential equation(PdE)solution of the telegrapher is a promising fault location method among time-domain and model-based *** research works have shown that the leap-frog process is superior to other explicit methods for the PdE ***,its implementation is challenged by determining the initial conditions in time and the boundary conditions in *** letter proposes two implicit solution methods for determining the initial conditions and an analytical way to obtain the boundary conditions founded on the signal *** results show that the proposal gives fault location accuracy superior to the existing leap-frog scheme,particularly in the presence of harmonics.

关键词： Fault location leap-frog partial differential equation time-domain analysis transmission line

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The Effect of External Magnetic Field on Electron Scale Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 236-247页

作者： d.Tsiklauri Joule Physics Laboratory School of ScienceEngineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterM54WTUK

We use particle-in-cell,fully electromagnetic,plasma kinetic simulation to study the effect of external magnetic field on electron scale Kelvin–Helmholtz instability(ESKHI).The results are applicable to collisionless plasmas when,e.g.,solar wind interacts with planetary magnetospheres or a magnetic field is generated in AGN *** find that as in the case of magnetohydrodynamic(MHd)KHI,in the kinetic regime,the presence of an external magnetic field reduces the growth rate of the *** the MHd case,there is a known threshold magnetic field for KHI stabilization,while for ESKHI this is to be analytically *** a kinetic analytical expression,we use several numerical simulation runs to establish an empirical dependence of ESKHI growth rate,Γ(B_(0))ω_(pe),on the strength of the applied external magnetic *** find the best fit is hyperbolic,Γ(B_(0))ω_(pe)=Γ_(0)ω_(pe)/(A+BB_(0)),where Γ_(0) is the ESKHI growth rate without an external magnetic field and B_(0)=B_(0)/B_(MHd)is the ratio of external and two-fluid MHd stability threshold magnetic field,derived *** analytical theory to back up this growth rate dependence on the external magnetic field is *** results suggest that in astrophysical settings where a strong magnetic field pre-exists,the generation of an additional magnetic field by the ESKHI is suppressed,which implies that nature provides a“safety valve”—natural protection not to“over-generate”magnetic field by the ESKHI ***,we find that our two-fluid MHd threshold magnetic field is the same(up to a factor √γ_(0))as the dC saturation magnetic field,previously predicted by fully kinetic theory.

关键词： instabilities magnetic fields plasmas Sun:heliosphere ISM:magnetic fields

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decomposition mechanisms of nuclear-grade cationic exchange resin by advanced oxidation processes:Statistical molecular fragmentation model and dFT calculations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 433-448页

作者： Xiang Meng Pierre désesquelles Lejin Xu department of Nuclear Engineering and Technology School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430074China CNRS Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des PlasmasUniversitéParis-SaclayOrsay 91405France State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The treatment and disposal of radioactive waste are presently facing great *** ion exchange resins have become a focus of attention due to their high production and serious environmental *** this paper,a simplified model of cationic exchange resin is proposed,and the degradation processes of cationic resin monomer initiated by hydroxyl radicals(·OH)are clarified by combining statistical molecular fragmentation(SMF)model and density functional theory(dFT)*** prediction of active sites indicates that the S-O bonds and the C-S bond of the sulfonic group are more likely to react during the *** meta-position of the sulfonic group on the benzene ring is the most active site,and the benzene ring without the sulfonic group has a certain *** C11-C14 and C17-C20 bonds,on the carbon skeleton,are the most easily *** is also found that dihydroxy addition and elimination reactions play a major role in the process of desulfonation,carbon skeleton cleavage and benzene ring *** decomposition mechanisms found through the combination of physical models and chemical calculations,provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

关键词： Cationic exchange resin Statistical molecular fragmentation model density functional theory Hydroxyl radical decomposition mechanism

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Role of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in peripheral nerve regeneration:a cellular and molecular perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1429-1430页

作者： Grazia Maugeri Velia d’Agata Section of Anatomy Histology and Movement SciencesDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological SciencesUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly

Neuro regeneration is a very complex phenomenon characterized by the generation of new neurons and synapses,involving connections between adjacent cells and axonal *** supplies additional longterm resources to replace... 详细信息

关键词： replace functional regeneration

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Process engineering of demineralisation of moderate to high ash Indian coals through NaOH‑HCl leaching and HF leaching

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 111-122页

作者： Heena dhawan d.K.Sharma ANRF Ministry of ScienceNew DelhiIndia department of Energy Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India

Chemical leaching of coals would be required to produce cleaner coals for some special applications where physical benefi-ciation may not be effective *** would also help in recovering Li and rare earth metals besides in the sequestration of CO_(2).About 20 Indian coals having complexly distributed moderate to high ash contents were sequentially treated with various alkali–acid such as NaOH-HCl,HF,HCl,HCl-HF,and NaOH-HCl-HF *** aimed to establish and design the best stepwise sequential process for the highest degree of demineralisation through a chemical leaching *** and process intensification studies were carried *** than 80%demineralisation of Madhaipur and Neemcha coals was observed using the best sequential treatment designed *** repeated stepwise treatment of the alkali and the acid was also studied,which was found to significantly enhance the degree of demineralisation of *** integrated process of alkali–acid leaching followed by solvent extraction(Organo-refining)and vice versa of the treated coal was also studied for producing cleaner coals.

关键词： Alkali–acid leaching demineralisation Integrated process Rare earth elements

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