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Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction,an effective tool for the determination of synthetic cannabinoids in oral fluid by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第3期11卷 292-298页

作者： Pierpaolo Tomai alessandra Gentili Roberta Curini Rossella Gottardo Franco Tagliaro Salvatore Fanali Department of Chemistry Sapienza UniversityP.le Aldo Moro 500185RomeItaly Department of Diagnostics and Public Health University of VeronaVeronaItaly and Institute of Translational Medicine and BiotechnologySechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia Teaching Committee of Ph.D.School in Natural Science and Engineering University of Verona VeronaItaly

In the present work,dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction(DLLME)was used to extract six synthetic cannabinoids(JWH-018,JWH-019,JWH-073,JWH-200,or WIN 55,225,JWH-250,and AM-694)from oral fluids.A rapid baseline separation of the analytes was achieved on a bidentate octadecyl silica hydride phase(Cogent Bidentate C18;4.6 mm×250 mm,4μm)maintained at 37℃,by eluting in isocratic conditions(water:acetonitrile(25:75,V/V)).Detection was performed using positive electrospray ionization-tandem mass *** parameters affecting DLLME(pH and ionic strength of the aqueous phase,type and volume of the extractant and dispersive solvent,vortex and centrifugation time)were optimized for maximizing *** particular,using 0.5 mL of oral fluid,acetonitrile(1 mL),was identified as the best option,both as a solvent to precipitate proteins and as a dispersing solvent in the DLLME *** select an extraction solvent,a low transition temperature mixture(LTTM;composed of sesamol and chlorine chloride with a molar ratio of 1:3)and dichloromethane were compared;the latter(100μL)was proved to be a better extractant,with recoveries ranging from 73%to 101%by vortexing for 2 *** method was validated according to the guidelines of Food and Drug Administration bioanalytical methods:intra-day and inter-day precisions ranged between 4%and 18%depending on the spike level and analyte;limits of detection spanned from 2 to 18 ng/mL;matrixmatched calibration curves were characterized by determination coefficients greater than ***,the extraction procedure was compared with previous methods and with innovative techniques,presenting superior reliability,rapidity,simplicity,inexpensiveness,and efficiency.

关键词： Microextraction techniques Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction Illicit drugs Synthetic cannabinoids Silica C-based column

Spirituality,religiousness,and mental health:A review of the current scientific evidence

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第26期9卷 7620-7631页

作者： Giancarlo Lucchetti Harold G Koenig alessandra Lamas Granero Lucchetti School of Medicine Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de Fora 36030-776Brazil Medical Center Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27710United States

Research in the field of“Spirituality and Health”has been growing,with spirituality/religiousness(S/R)being consistently related to both physical and mental *** objective of this article is to provide an updated review of the current scientific evidence on the relationship between S/R and mental health,highlighting the most important *** a secondary objective,the mechanisms that explain this relationship and the interventions that utilize this information in treating mental disorders will be *** findings reveal a large body of evidence across numerous psychiatric *** solid evidence is now available for depression,suicidality,and substance use,other diagnosis,such as post-traumatic stress disorder,psychosis,and anxiety,have also shown promising *** effects of S/R on mental health are likely bidirectional,and the manner in which religious beliefs are used to cope with distress(*** and positive),may affect mental health *** these findings,the mechanisms that explain these associations and the role of S/R interventions need further *** clinical practice,mental health providers should ask patients about S/R that are important in their lives to provide holistic and patient-centered care.

关键词： Spirituality Religion Depression Mental health Psychiatry

Exotic and invasive species compromise the seed bank and seed rain dynamics in forests undergoing restoration at urban regions

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第5期28卷 1019-1026页

作者： Vinícius Londe Hildeberto Caldas de Sousa alessandra R.Kozovits Graduate Program in Ecology of Tropical Biomes Department of BiodiversityEvolution and EnvironmentFederal University of Ouro Pretocampus Morro do Cruzeiro

The control of exotic and invasive species in areas undergoing recovery is a challenge for ecological restoration and this problem may be even greater in urbanized areas. This study evaluated the seed bank and seed rain of a 5-year-old riparian forest located at the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte in southeast Brazil, and verified changes over time in the abundance and species richness and whether planted species already were providing propagules to the site. At the forest, fifteen parcels of 100 m2 were distributed randomly and soil samples were collected thrice (October 2011, March 2012 and July 2012) to evaluate the seed bank. Seed traps were installed in nine parcels to collect propagules over 1 year. Propagules were segregated and germinate at greenhouse. Species richness and abundance were estimated, and variance and similarity were quantified. In total, 86 species were recorded in the seed banks, 41.9% natives and 33.7% exotics, with the predominance of herbs (87.2%) and only 7% of trees. Species classified as weeds amounted to 52.3%. In the seed rain 642 seedlings germinated but they belonged to only 10 species, half of them were exotics. Regarding life forms, half of the species were arboreal and dominated the samples, highlighting the exotic species Melia azedarach. The species richness of the seed bank did not differ by season, unlike the seed rain which varied significantly by month. Seed bank and seed rain species had a very low floristic similarity with the list of planted species, suggesting that few planted trees had dispersed or were stocking propagules. Many non-planted species were recorded, mostly exotics and/or invasive that were probably derived from the surrounding urban matrix. These might interrupt the successional dynamics of the restoration forest and compromise the restoration process in the medium and long-terms. Our results highlight: (1) the importance of monitoring areas undergoing restoration; (2) that restoration me

关键词： Exotic plants Monitoring indicators Restoration ecology Urban forests

Diabetes and NAFLD:a high-risk cohort with definite therapeutic potential

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第12期6卷 1-11页

作者： Lucia Brodosi alessandra Musio Francesca alessandra Barbanti Dorina Mita Giulio Marchesini Maria Letizia Petroni Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences “Alma Mater”UniversityBologna 40138Italy Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Bologna 40138Italy.

Despite the fact that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and its severe clinical forms[non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)and NASH-cirrhosis]are highly prevalent in the general population,there are no licensed drugs for NAFLD,and lifestyle intervention remains the only treatment accepted by international *** is despite massive investments in research by pharmaceutical *** the presence of type 2 diabetes,novel anti-diabetic drugs offer an opportunity to reduce the burden of NAFLD,by adequate control of glucose and lipid metabolism,also reducing the risk of NASH progression,advanced fibrosis,and finally hepatocellular *** extensively reviewed the literature,based either on registration studies,ad hoc randomized studies or real-world data,to define the effectiveness of anti-diabetic drugs in the treatment of NAFLD and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Metformin provides the best evidence for decreased risk of HCC,pioglitazone was associated with decreased progression to fibrosis,glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists offer a possible opportunity to reduce NAFLD progression coupled with a definite protection for cardiovascular outcomes,and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors are likely to reduce lipid burden,simultaneously reducing the risk of progressive renal and heart *** the latter two drug classes,the effects on NAFLD might largely explained by decreased body weight,in keeping with the beneficial effects of intensive lifestyle intervention.

关键词： Metformin pioglitazone incretins DPP-4 inhibitors GLP-1 receptor agonists SGLT-2 inhibitors insulin cirrhosis

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease from childhood to adulthood:State of art and future directions

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第6期14卷 1087-1098页

作者： Francesca Lanzaro Stefano Guarino Elisabetta D'Addio alessandra Salvatori JosèAlberto D'Anna Pierluigi Marzuillo Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice Anna Di Sessa Department of Woman Childand General and Specialized SurgeryUniversity of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples 80138Italy

In 2020,an international group of experts proposed to replace the term of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).This recent proposal reflects the close association of fatty liver with metabolic derangements,as demonstrated by previous robust *** factors[including genetics,inflammation,metabolic abnormalities,insulin resistance(IR),obesity,prenatal determinants,and gut–liver axis]have been found to be involved in MAFLD pathophysiology,but this tangled puzzle remains to be clearly *** particular,IR has been recognized as a key player in metabolic impairments development in children with fatty *** this ground,MAFLD definition focuses on the pathophysiological basis of the disease,by emphasizing the crucial role of metabolic impairments in this *** primarily developed for adults,MAFLD diagnostic criteria have been recently updated with an age-appropriate definition for sex and age percentiles,because of the increasing attention to cardiometabolic risk in *** date,accumulating evidence is available on the feasibility of MAFLD definition in clinical practice,but some data are still conflicting in highly selected *** the growing prevalence worldwide of fatty liver and its close relationship with metabolic dysfunction both in children and adults with subsequent increased cardiovascular risk,early strategies for MAFLD identification,treatment and prevention are *** therapeutic insights for MAFLD based on promising innovative biological techniques are also *** aimed to summarize the most recent evidence in this intriguing research area both in children and adults.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction Fatty Liver Pathophysiology Cardiovascular Risk Adults Children

Neural crest derived stem cells from dental pulp and tooth-associated stem cells for peripheral nerve regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第3期15卷 373-381页

作者： alessandra Pisciotta Laura Bertoni Antonio Vallarola Giulia Bertani Daniela Mecugni Gianluca Carnevale Department of Surgery MedicineDentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in TransplantOncology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly Department of Life Sciences University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly Azienda USL-Institute and Health Care(IRCCS)di Reggio Emilia Reggio EmiliaItaly

The peripheral nerve injuries,representing some of the most common types of traumatic lesions affecting the nervous system,are highly invalidating for the patients besides being a huge social *** peripheral nervous system owns a higher regenerative capacity than does central nervous system,mostly depending on Schwann cells intervention in injury repair,several factors determine the extent of functional outcome after *** on the injury type,different therapeutic approaches have been investigated so *** grafting and Schwann cell transplantation have represented the gold standard treatment for peripheral nerve injuries,however these approaches own limitations,such as scarce donor nerve availability and donor site *** based therapies might provide a suitable tool for peripheral nerve regeneration,in fact,the ability of different stem cell types to differentiate towards Schwann cells in combination with the use of different scaffolds have been widely investigated in animal models of peripheral nerve injuries in the last *** pulp is a promising cell source for regenerative medicine,because of the ease of isolation procedures,stem cell proliferation and multipotency abilities,which are due to the embryological origin from neural *** this article we review the literature concerning the application of tooth derived stem cell populations combined with different conduits to peripheral nerve injuries animal models,highlighting their regenerative contribution exerted through either glial differentiation and neuroprotective/neurotrophic effects on the host tissue.

关键词： glial differentiation human dental pulp stem cells nerve regeneration neural crest neuroprotection tooth

Evaluation of hot pressing parameters on the electrochemical performance of MEAs based on Aquivion^(■) PFSA membranes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第8期28卷 168-173,I0006页

作者： Irene Gatto Ada Sacca Vincenzo Baglio Antonino Salvatore Arico Claudio Oldani Luca Merlo alessandra Carbone CNR-ITAE Institute for Advanced Energy Technologies"N. Giordano" Via S. Lucia Sopra Contesse 5Messina Italy Solvay Specialty Polymers Viale Lombardia 20 20021 Bollate MI Italy

The membrane-electrodes assembly(MEA) is the core of the Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell(PEFC). It consists of a membrane, catalytic(CL) and gas diffusion layers(GDL). In order to manufacture MEAs with suitable performance, a hot-pressing procedure is generally used. The relevant parameters are the temperature, pressure and time of hot-pressing. Such variables need to be adjusted as a function of the type of ionomer used in the catalytic layer and membrane. In this study, an evaluation of the temperature of hot-pressing was carried out and its influence on MEA electrochemical performance was assessed. In particular, preparation trials of MEAs were carried out with reinforced experimental membranes based on Aquivion^■ short-side-chain PFSA(by Solvay Specialty Polymers). The membranes were coupled to gas diffusion electrodes, and MEAs were manufactured using different temperatures for the hot-pressing procedure in order to evaluate their influence on the electrochemical performance of PEFCs, in the temperature range of 80–95 °C, with low relative humidity of the reactant gases. The electrochemical performance of the prepared MEAs was tested in a H2/Air 25 cm^2 single cell in terms of polarization curves and accelerated stress test(AST).

关键词： Aquivion^(■) Short-side chain PEFC Hot-pressing parameters Automotive applications

Direct muscle neurotization after end-to-end and end-to-side neurorrhaphy An experimental study in the rat forelimb model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第29期7卷 2273-2278页

作者： Igor Papalia Giulia Ronchi Luisa Muratori alessandra Mazzucco Ludovico Magaudda Stefano Geuna Department of Biomorphology and Biotechnologies University of MessinaMessina 98100Italy Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO)&Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of TurinTorino 10043Italy

The need for the continuous research of new tools for improving motor function recovery after nerve injury is justified by the still often unsatisfactory clinical outcome in these patients. It has been previously shown that the combined use of two reconstructive techniques, namely end-to-side neurorrhaphy and direct muscle neurotization in the rat hindlimb model, can lead to good results in terms of skeletal muscle reinnervation. Here we show that, in the rat forelimb model, the combined use of direct muscle neurotization with either end-to-end or end-to-side neurorrhaphy to reinnervate the denervated flexor digitorum muscles, leads to muscle atrophy prevention over a long postoperative time lapse （10 months）. By contrast, very little motor recovery （in case of end-to-end neurorrhaphy） and almost no motor recovery （in case of end-to-side neurorrhaphy） were observed in the grasping activity controlled by flexor digitorum muscles. It can thus be concluded that, at least in the rat, direct muscle neurotization after both end-to-end and end-to-side neurorrhaphy represents a good strategy for preventing denervation-related muscle atrophy but not for regaining the lost motor function.

关键词： nerve injury nerve reconstruction microsurgery axonal regeneration denervation muscle atrophy Schwann cells stereology grasping test rats

Effects of CXCL12 isoforms in a pancreatic pre-tumour cellular model:Microarray analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第15期27卷 1616-1629页

作者： Monia Cecati Matteo Giulietti alessandra Righetti Berina Sabanovic Francesco Piva Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences Polytechnic University of MarcheAncona 60126Italy

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is the fourth leading cause of death among cancers,it is characterized by poor prognosis and strong *** the PDAC microenvironment,stromal cells release different extracellular components,including *** CXCL12 is a chemokine promoting the communication between tumour and stromal *** different splicing isoforms of CXCL12 are known(α,β,γ,δ,ε,θ)but their role in PDAC has not yet been *** To investigate the specific role ofα,β,andγCXCL12 isoforms in PDAC *** We used hTERT-HPNE E6/E7/KRasG12D(Human Pancreatic Nestin-Expressing)cell line as a pancreatic pre-tumour model and exposed it to theα,β,andγCXCL12 *** altered expression profiles were assessed by microarray analyses and confirmed by Real-Time polymerase chain *** functional enrichment analyses have been performed by Enrichr tool to highlight Gene Ontology enriched *** addition,wound healing assays have been carried out to assess the phenotypic changes,in terms of migration ability,induced by theα,β,andγCXCL12 *** Microarray analysis of hTERT-HPNE cells treated with the three different CXCL12 isoforms highlighted that the expression of only a few genes was ***,theαandβisoforms showed an alteration in expression of different genes,whereasγisoform affected the expression of genes also common withαandβ***βisoform altered the expression of genes mainly involved in cell cycle *** addition,all isoforms affected the expression of genes assay confirmed that CXCL12 enhanced the migration ability of hTERT-HPNE *** the CXCL12 splicing isoforms,theγisoform showed higher induction of migration thanαandβ*** Our data suggests an involvement and different roles of CXCL12 isoforms in PDAC ***,more investigations are needed to confirm these preliminary observations.

关键词： CXCL12 Splicing isoforms Pancreatic cancer Microarray Migration Wound healing assay