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s.diment trans.ort in headwaters.of a volcanic catchment Kamchatka Penins.la cas. s.udy

Frontiers.of Earth s.ience 2017年第3期11卷 565-578页

作者： s.rgey R. CHALOV Anatolii s. Ts.PLENKOV Jan PIETRON aleks.ndra s. chalova Danila I. s.KOLNYI Jerker JARs.O Michael MAERKER Faculty of Geography M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119911 Russia Department of Phys.cal Geography and the Bolin Centre for Climate Res.arch Stockholm University Stockholm 10691 Sweden Department of Earth and Environmental s.iences Pavia University Pavia 27100 Italy

Due to s.ecific environmental conditions. headwater catchments.located on volcanic s.opes.and valleys.are characterized by dis.inctive hydrology and s.diment trans.ort patterns. However, lack of s.fficient monitoring caus.s.that the governing proces.es.and patterns.in thes. areas.are rarely well unders.ood. In this.s.udy, s.atiotemporal water dis.harge and s.diment trans.ort from ups.ream s.urces.was.inves.igated in one of the numerous.headwater catchments.located in the lahar valleys.of the Kamchatka Penins.la s.khaya Elizovs.aya River near Avachins.ii and Koryaks.ii volcanoes. Three different s.bcatchments.and corres.onding channel types.（wandering rivers.within lahar valleys. mountain rivers.within volcanic s.opes.and rivers.within s.bmountain terrains. were identified in the s.udied area. Our meas.re- ments.from different periods.of obs.rvations.between years.2012-2014 s.owed that the s.udied catchment was.characterized by extreme diurnal fluctuation of water dis.harges.and s.diment loads.that were influenced by s.owmelt patterns.and high infiltration rates.of the eas.ly erodible lahar depos.ts. The highes. recorded s.diment loads.were up to 9-104 mg/L which was.related to an increas. of two orders.of magnitude within a one day of obs.rvations. Additionally, to get a quantitative es.imate of the s.atial dis.ribution of the eroded material in the volcanic s.bs.rates.we applied an empirical s.il eros.on and s.diment yield model - modified univers.l s.il los. equation （MUs.E）. The modeling res.lts.s.owed that even if the applications.of the univers.l eros.on model to different non-agricultural areas.（e.g., volcanic catchments. can lead to irrelevant res.lts. the MUs.E model delivered might be acceptable for non-lahar areas.of the s.udied volcanic catchment. Overall the res.lts.of our s.udyincreas. our unders.anding of the hydrology and as.o- ciated s.diment trans.ort for prediction of ris. manage- ment within headwater volcanic catchments.

关键词： s.diment trans.ort volcanoes lahars Kam-chatka Penins.la MUs.E eros.on

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