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The effects of soil properties, cropping systems and geographic location on soil prokaryotic communities in four maize production regions across China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第7期21卷 2145-2157页

作者： TIAN Xue-liang LIU Jia-jia LIU Quan-cheng XIA Xin-yao PENG Yong alejandra I.HUERTA YAN Jian-bing LI Hui LIU Wen-de State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193P.R.China Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide&Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application Henan Institute of Science and TechnologyXinxiang 453003P.R.China School of Biological Science and Technology University of JinanJinan 250022P.R.China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070P.R.China Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh 27606USA

The diversity of prokaryotic communities in soil is shaped by both biotic and abiotic ***,little is known about the major factors shaping soil prokaryotic communities at a large scale in *** this end,we undertook a study to investigate the impact of maize production cropping systems,soil properties and geographic location(latitude and longitude)on soil prokaryotic communities using metagenomic techniques,across four distinct maize production regions in *** all study sites,the dominant prokaryotes in soil were Alphaproteobacteria,Gammaproteobacteria,Betaproteobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,Acidobacteria,and ***-metric multidimensional scaling revealed that prokaryotic communities clustered into the respective maize cropping systems in which they *** analysis(RDA)showed that soil properties especially pH,geographic location and cropping system jointly determined the diversity of the prokaryotic *** functional genes of soil prokaryotes from these samples were chiefly influenced by latitude,soil pH and cropping system,as revealed by RDA *** abundance of genes in some metabolic pathways,such as genes involved in microbe–microbe interactions,degradation of aromatic compounds,carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes and microbial metabolism were markedly different across the four maize production *** study indicated that the combination of soil pH,cropping system and geographic location significantly influenced the prokaryotic community and the functional genes of these *** work contributes to a deeper understanding of the composition and function of the soil prokaryotic community across large-scale production systems such as maize.

关键词： metagenome cropping system maize soil prokaryotes

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Polymer and Surfactant-Polymer Emulsion Comparative Behavior Analysis Pre and Post Flooding through Porous Medium

Polymer and Surfactant-Polymer Emulsion Comparative Behavior...

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作者：兰婷婷（Rossmir alejandra Mujica Escalona）中国石油大学（北京）

学位级别：硕士

聚合物以及复合驱过程中的乳化现象对提高采收率起到重要作用,尽管付出了很多的努力,但是对于这些流体,尤其是乳状液,在孔隙中的详细流动机理仍然不清晰。本次研究将关注点放在油包水型乳状液和聚合物溶液上,研究在室内岩心典型驱替过... 详细信息

聚合物以及复合驱过程中的乳化现象对提高采收率起到重要作用,尽管付出了很多的努力,但是对于这些流体,尤其是乳状液,在孔隙中的详细流动机理仍然不清晰。本次研究将关注点放在油包水型乳状液和聚合物溶液上,研究在室内岩心典型驱替过程条件下化学体系性质及流动状态的变化,包括乳状液流动压力,粒径分布,流变性以及不同注入量下乳状液的微观形态。同时配置与乳状液粘度相近的聚合物,比较它们在多孔介质中流动规律的差异。结果表明在流经孔隙介质之后,乳状液的性质相较于聚合物彻底发生了改变了。压力方面,聚合物在两种流速条件下(0.2mL/min和0.4mL/min)的压力很稳定,但是乳状液的压力并不稳定,8个小时后还是会有快速的变化。乳状液粒径在4个PV后变小,仍然保持乳化,粘度增加。聚合物始终保持的稳定的流变性。综上所述,乳状液和聚合物相比,在多孔介质中流动时仍具有不稳定性,但仍是目前提高采收率的主要方法。

关键词：乳状液聚合物相变行为粒径流变性

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Update on the applications and limitations of alpha-fetoprotein for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第2期28卷 216-229页

作者： Hira Hanif Mukarram Jamat Ali Ammu T Susheela Iman Waheed Khan Maria alejandra Luna-Cuadros Muzammil Muhammad Khan Daryl Tan-Yeung Lau Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215United States Internal Medicine Loyola MacNeal HospitalBerwynPA 60402United States

Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)is an oncofetal glycoprotein that has been used as a tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in combination with ultrasound and other imaging *** utility is limited because of both low sensitivity and specificity,and discrepancies among the different methods of ***,its accuracy varies according to patient characteristics and the AFP cut-off values *** of AFP with novel biomarkers such as AFP-L3,Golgi specific membrane protein(GP73)and des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin significantly improved its accuracy in detecting *** AFP level could also signify severity of hepatic destruction and subsequent regeneration and is commonly observed in patients with acute and chronic liver conditions and *** and other non-hepatic disorders can also cause AFP elevation.

关键词： Alpha-fetoprotein Hepatocellular carcinoma Alpha-fetoprotein-L3 Cirrhosis Tumor markers Hereditary persistence of alpha-fetoprotein

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The Pedagogic Capacity of Architecture the Macro Project University Citadel—University of Atlántico Barranquilla—Colombia

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2018年第2期8卷 129-141页

作者： Carlos Bell Lemus Mayra alejandra Rivero Bueno National University of Colombia Bogot&aacute D.C. Colombia University of Atlá ntico Barranquilla Colombia

Urban agenda nowadays puts pedestrians as the axis of urban design, and pedestrians are the most important thing in the city. The architect takes that idea and applies it in the project, and he focuses on prioritizing the pedestrian over the cars. Public spaces filled with green zones are a main element, water treatment is a design determinant, buildings use natural illumination as much as possible and culture and arts are reinforced through new scenarios.

关键词： University Project Urban Design Pedestrian Public Architecture

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Hospital Delivery Room versus Outdoor Birthing Place: Differences in Airborne Microorganisms and Their Impact on the Infant

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2013年第1期3卷 25-38页

作者： Tobias C. Olofsson alejandra Vàsquez Division of Medical Microbiology Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden

The incidence of allergic airway diseases continues to increase in industrial countries while remaining much more stable in developing countries. Allergens inhaled are eventually also swallowed and evidently the gastrointestinal immune system has a role in regulating allergic responses in the pulmonary as well as the GI system. While some studies have pointed out the role of probiotic bacteria as a supplementary protection against the early development of various allergies, little attention has been paid to the composition of the airborne microflora first and continuosly inhaled by newborns and infants. This study compares the composition of two airborne microbial communities, one from hospital delivery rooms and the other from a nature reserve, evidently in use as a birthing place as early as 7500 B.C. around the air from the outdoor birthing place was marked by a far greater variation in microbial composition and a much higher representation of fungi than the air from the hospitals. The dominant bacterial species from the delivery rooms were Staphylococcus areus and Micrococcus luteus, originating from the staff and the hospital environment;the outdoor flora, however, was dominated by Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. In addition, 56% of all the bacterial isolates from the delivery rooms were most closely related to strains previously associated with clinical infections, whereas only 15% of isolates in the outdoor bacterial sample had such relationships. The role of airborne microorganisms could be important to infants with developing immune systems considering the microbial bias of hospital air presented in this study.

关键词： Allergy Newborns Airborne Microflora Delivery Rooms Outdoor Birthing Place

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Finite Element Structural Analysis of Buried Pipelines

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Modern Mechanical Engineering 2022年第2期12卷 27-44页

作者： Casanova-del-Angel Francisco Córdova-Castillo alejandra Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Arquitectura UP ALM SEPI of the Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico City Mexico

This document uses previous results (which we call the first stage), for the development of a computer model based on finite elements under the FEAP programmer, to carry out a structural analysis of a pipeline. For this purpose, we used environmental variables that we believe influence the failure of buried pipelines such as the internal pressure of fluid, the type of support used, the temperature at which the pipelines work, the type of soil and the stiffness of the soil acting on it. Once the model was finalized, analyses were made with each of the variables separately and combined to observe the behavior of the pipeline, finding the most unfavorable case that indicates the main causes that led to its failure.

关键词： Duct Finite Element Buried Pipeline Material Creep Thermal Conditions Soil Springs

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Assessment of drug-induced hepatotoxicity in clinical practice: A challenge for gastroenterologists

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第3期13卷 329-340页

作者： Raúl J Andrade Mercedes Robles alejandra Fernández-Castaer Susana López-Ortega M Carmen López-Vega M Isabel Lucena Liver Unit Gastroenterology Service "Virgen de la Victoria" University Hospital and School of Medicine Mlaga Spain Clinical Pharmacology Service "Virgen de la Victoria" University Hospital and School of Medicine Mlaga Spain

Currently, pharmaceutical preparations are serious contributors to liver disease; hepatotoxicity ranking as the most frequent cause for acute liver failure and post-commercialization regulatory decisions. The diagnosis of hepatotoxicity remains a difficult task because of the lack of reliable markers for use in general clinical practice. To incriminate any given drug in an episode of liver dysfunction is a step-by-step process that requires a high degree of suspicion, compatible chronology, awareness of the drug’s hepatotoxic potential, the exclusion of alternative causes of liver damage and the ability to detect the presence of subtle data that favors a toxic etiology. This process is time-consuming and the final result is frequently inaccurate. Diagnostic algorithms may add consistency to the diagnostic process by translating the suspicion into a quantitative score. Such scales are useful since they provide a framework that emphasizes the features that merit attention in cases of suspected hepatic adverse reaction as well. Current efforts in collecting bona fide cases of drug-induced hepatotoxicity will make refinements of existing scales feasible. It is now relatively easy to accommodate relevant data within the scoring system and to delete low-impact items. Efforts should also be directed toward the development of an abridged instrument for use in evaluating suspected drug-induced hepatotoxicity at the very beginning of the diagnosis and treatment process when clinical decisions need to be made. The instrument chosen would enable a confident diagnosis to be made on admission of the patient and treatment to be fine-tuned as further information is collected.

关键词： Drug-induced hepatotoxicity Causality assessment Diagnostic algorithms Clinical scales

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Allicin neuroprotective effect during oxidative/inflammatory injury involves AT1-Hsp70-iNOS counterbalance axis

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BIOCELL 2020年第4期44卷 671-681页

作者： LUCIANA MAZZEI MARÍA BELÉN RUIZ-ROSO NATALIA DE LAS HERAS SANDRA BALLESTEROS CAROLINA TORRESPALAZZOLO LEÓN FERDER alejandra BEATRIZ CAMARGO WALTER MANUCHA Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo(IMBECU) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas(CONICET)Mendoza5500Argentina Área de Farmacología Departamento de PatologíaFacultad de Ciencias MédicasUniversidad Nacional de Cuyo Centro UniversitarioMendoza5500Argentina Departamento de Fisiología Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad ComplutenseMadrid34523España IBAM Universidad Nacional de CuyoCONICETFacultad de Ciencias AgrariasMendozaM5528AHBArgentina Department of Pediatrics Nephrology DivisionMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiami33012USA

The ancestral cultures have described many therapeutic properties of garlic,therefore,it is of central interest to elucidate the molecular basis explaining this millenary empirical ***,it has been demonstrated a neuroprotective effect of allicin–a phytochemical present in garlic-linked to oxidative-inflammatory *** improved neuronal injury by heat shock protein 70(Hsp70)and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)***,allicin exerts renal protection involving a possible angiotensin type 1 receptor(AT1)*** connection,AT1 overexpression has been recognized as a central deleterious factor in many brain ***,there are no studies that evaluate AT1-Hsp70-iNOS interaction as a mechanism linked to ***,our central aim is to evaluate if the allicin protective effect is associated with an AT1-Hsp70-iNOS counterbalance *** this study,a murine microglial cell line(BV-2)was injured with lipopolysaccharides and treated or not with ***,it was evaluated cell viability,proinflammatory cytokine levels,cellular oxidative stress,iNOS,Hsp70,and AT1 protein expression(cellular and mitochondrial fractions),nitrite levels,and protein-protein *** results demonstrated that allicin could prevent neuronal injury due to a reduction in oxidative stress and inflammatory status mediated by an AT1-Hsp70-iNOS counterbalance axis linked to direct protein-protein interaction.

关键词： Allicin neuroinflammation BV-2 cells AT1 receptors iNOS Hsp70

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Improving the Performance of Fixed-Bed Catalytic Reactors by Innovative Catalyst Distribution

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2020年第4期8卷 672-683页

作者： Violeta alejandra Chichique Martínez Farhang Shadman Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos y Ciencias Ambientales Universidad Centroamericana “José Simeón Cañas” (UCA) San Salvador El Salvador

A comprehensive mathematical model is developed to simulate the interactions of the complex processes that take place in typical catalytic chemical reactors. This mathematical model includes correlations representing various modes of mass transport and chemical reactions. To illustrate the application and value of this approach for reactor optimizations, the model is applied to the case of series reactions with a desirable intermediate compound and the risk of degradation of this compound if the process conditions are not optimized. The modeling results show that in such cases, which are very common in practice, replacing the conventional uniform catalyst distribution with a novel non-uniform distribution will significantly improve the performance of the reactor and the production of the desirable compound. Various catalyst distribution options are compared, and a novel non-uniform loading of catalyst is identified that gives a much better performance compared to the conventional approach. The model is versatile and useful for both the design as well as the optimization of the catalytic fixed-bed reactors in a wide variety of reactor and reaction conditions.

关键词： Catalyst Reactor Optimization Series Reactions Uniform Catalyst Distribution Non-Uniform Catalyst Distribution Catalyst Deactivation

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Sleep Deprivation Affects Working Memory in Low but Not in High Complexity for the N-Back Test

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2012年第4期3卷 380-386页

作者： Guadalupe J. Terán-Pérez alejandra E. Ruiz-contreras Rosa O. González-Robles Rosario Tarrago-Castellanos Roberto E. Mercadillo Anabel Jiménez-Anguiano Javier Velázquez-Moctezuma Department of Reproductive Biology Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Iztapalapa México Institute of Neurobiology Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City México Laboratorio de Neurogenómica Cognitiva Laboratorio de Psicofisiología Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City México Mathematic Department Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Iztapalapa México Sleep Disorder Laboratory Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Iztapalapa México

Sleep clearly influences learning and memory since sleep deprivation and stress impairs both cognitive processes. Working memory is an essential cognitive process and refers to a short-term holding of incoming information required to update the long-term mnemonic storage and to manipulate new elements in order to solve problems and make decisions. Nevertheless, the influence of sleep deprivation on working memory has scarcely been studied. In this study we evaluated working memory using the N-back test after increasing periods of wakefulness. Healthy young males were kept awake for 36 hours and the two N-back tasks with low (1-Back) and high (3-Back) levels of complexity were applied every 6 hours. Additionally, salivary cortisol was determined along the study. Unlike the control non-deprived participants, the sleep deprived volunteers showed a significant decrease in their efficiency to solve the 1-Back task after 24 hours of sleep deprivation. However, no differences were observed after 30 and 36 hours of sleep deprivation. Concerning the 3-Back task no differences were observed after sleep deprivation. Regarding reaction time, the deprived group manifested slower responses for the 1-Back task and for the 3-Back task after 30 hours and 36 hours of sleep deprivation, respectively. Cortisol levels presented the normal daily oscillation and no differences were observed between groups. This data suggests that sleep deprivation affects basal states of attention instead of working memory while performing simple tasks. The impact of sleep deprivation on the cognitive performance depends on the moment of day when the task is applied and the complexity of the tests used to assess these mnemonic skills.

关键词： Sleep Deprivation Working Memory Cortisol Levels N-Back Task Stress

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