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Genetic and epigenetic targets of natural dietary compounds as anti-Alzheimer's agents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 846-854页

作者： Willian Orlando Castillo-Ordoñez Nohelia Cajas-Salazar Mayra Alejandra Velasco-reyes Facultad de Ciencias Naturales-Exactas y de la Educación Departamento de Biología.Universidad del Cauca Departamento de Estudios Psicológicos Universidad Icesi

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia that principally affects older adults.Pathogenic factors,such as oxidative stress,an increase in acetylcholinesterase activity,mitochondrial dysfunction,genotoxicity,and neuroinflammation are present in this syndrome,which leads to neurodegeneration.Neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease are considered late-onset diseases caused by the complex combination of genetic,epigenetic,and environmental factors.There are two main types of Alzheimer’s disease,known as familial Alzheimer’s disease(onsetaldominantly fashion with closely 100%penetrance.In contrast,a different picture seems to emerge for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease,which exhibits numerous non-Mendelian anomalies suggesting an epigenetic component in its etiology.Importantly,the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms driving Alzheimer’s disease are interfaced with epigenetic dysregulation.However,the dynamic nature of epigenetics seems to open up new avenues and hope in regenerative neurogenesis to improve brain repair in Alzheimer’s disease or following injury or stroke in humans.In recent years,there has been an increase in interest in using natural products for the treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses such as Alzheimer’s disease.Through epigenetic mechanisms,such as DNA methylation,non-coding RNAs,histone modification,and chromatin conformation regulation,natural compounds appear to exert neuroprotective effects.While we do not purport to cover every in this work,we do attempt to illustrate how various phytochemical compounds regulate the epigenetic effects of a few Alzheimer’s disease-related genes.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease epigenetics genes methylation natural products

Optimizing nutrition in hepatic cirrhosis:A comprehensive assessment and care approach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1313-1328页

作者： Osvely Mendez-Guerrero Anaisa Carranza-Carrasco Luis Alberto Chi-Cervera aldo Torre Nalu Navarro-Alvarez Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico Clínica de Especialidades Gastrointestinales y Hepáticas Hospital Star MedicaMerida 97133YucatanMexico Molecular Biology Universidad Panamericana School of MedicineCampus MéxicoMexico City 03920Mexico Department of Surgery University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusDenverCO 80045United States

Cirrhosis is considered a growing cause of morbidity and mortality,which represents a significant public health problem.Currently,there is no effective treatment to reverse cirrhosis.Treatment primarily centers on addressing the underlying liver condition,monitoring,and managing portal hypertension-related complications,and evaluating the potential for liver transplantation in cases of decompensated cirrhosis,marked by rapid progression and the emer-gence of complications like variceal bleeding,hepatic encephalopathy,ascites,malnutrition,and more.Malnutrition,a prevalent complication across all disease stages,is often underdiagnosed in cirrhosis due to the complexities of nutritional assessment in patients with fluid retention and/or obesity,despite its crucial impact on prognosis.Increasing emphasis has been placed on the collaboration of nutritionists within hepatology and Liver transplant teams to deliver compre-hensive care,a practice that has shown to improve outcomes.This review covers appropriate screening and assessment methods for evaluating the nutritional status of this population,diagnostic approaches for malnutrition,and context-specific nutrition treatments.It also discusses evidence-based recommendations for supplementation and physical exercise,both essential elements of the standard care provided to cirrhotic patients.

关键词： Cirrhosis Nutritional diagnosis Treatment Diet Guidelines

The effects of data aggregation on long-term projections of forest stands development

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 381-389页

作者： Kobra Maleki Rasmus Astrup Nicolas Cattaneo Wilson lara Henao Clara Anton-Fernandez Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research Division of Forestry and Forest ResourcesP.O.Box 115ÅsNO-1431Norway

Forest management planning often relies on Airborne Laser Scanning(ALS)-based Forest Management Inventories(FMIs)for sustainable and efficient decision-making.Employing the area-based(ABA)approach,these inventories estimate forest characteristics for grid cell areas(pixels),which are then usually summarized at the stand level.Using the ALS-based high-resolution Norwegian Forest Resource Maps(16 m×16 m pixel resolution)alongside with stand-level growth and yield models,this study explores the impact of three levels of pixel aggregation(standlevel,stand-level with species strata,and pixel-level)on projected stand development.The results indicate significant differences in the projected outputs based on the aggregation level.Notably,the most substantial difference in estimated volume occurred between stand-level and pixel-level aggregation,ranging from-301 to+253 m^(3)·ha^(-1)for single stands.The differences were,on average,higher for broadleaves than for spruce and pine dominated stands,and for mixed stands and stands with higher variability than for pure and homogenous stands.In conclusion,this research underscores the critical role of input data resolution in forest planning and management,emphasizing the need for improved data collection practices to ensure sustainable forest management.

关键词： Growth and yield models Dominant species Norway spruce Scots pine Broadleaves Forest resource map Stand variability

Testosterone replacement therapy and vascular thromboembolic events: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 144-154页

作者： Rossella Cannarella Carmelo Gusmano Claudia Leanza Vincenzo Garofalo Andrea Crafa Federica Barbagallo Rosita A Condorelli Sandro La Vignera aldo E Calogero Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of CataniaCatania 95123Italy Glickman Urological&Kidney Institute Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH44195USA

To evaluate the relationship between testosterone replacement therapy(TRT)and arterial and/or venous thrombosis in patients with pre-treatment total testosterone(TT)<12 nmol I^(-1),we performed a meta-analysis following the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome model.Population:men with TT<12 nmol I^(-1) or clear mention of hypogonadism in the inclusion criteria of patients;intervention:TRT;comparison:placebo or no therapy;outcomes:arterial thrombotic events(stroke,myocardial infarction[MI],upper limbs,and lower limbs),VTE(deep vein thrombosis[DVT],portal vein thrombosis,splenic thrombosis,and pulmonary embolism),and mortality.A total of 2423 abstracts were assessed for eligibility.Twenty-four studies,including 14 randomized controlled trials(RCTs),were finally included,with a total of 4027 and 310288 hypotestosteronemic male patients,from RCTs and from observational studies,respectively.Based on RCT-derived data,TRT did not influence the risk of arterial thrombosis(odds ratio[OR]=1.27,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.47-3.43,P=0.64),stroke(OR=1.34,95%CI:0.09-18.97,P=0.83),MI(OR=0.51,95%CI:0.11-2.31,P=0.39),VTE(OR=1.42,95%CI:0.22-9.03,P=0.71),pulmonary embolism(OR=1.38,95%CI:0.27-7.04,P=0.70),and mortality(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.20-2.38,P=0.56).Meanwhile,when only observational studies are considered,a significant reduction in the risk of developing arterial thrombotic events,Ml,venous thromboembolism,and mortality was observed.The risk for DVT remains uncertain,due to the paucity of RCT-based data.TRT in men with TT<12 nmol I^(-1) is safe from the risk of adverse cardiovascular events.Further studies specifically assessing the risk of DVT in men on TRT are needed.

关键词： hypogonadism testosterone testosterone replacement therapy thromboembolism thrombosis TRT

Metal-Halide Perovskite Submicrometer-Thick Films for Ultra-Stable Self-Powered Direct X-Ray Detectors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 410-431页

作者： Marco Girolami Fabio Matteocci Sara Pettinato Valerio Serpente Eleonora Bolli Barbara Paci Amanda Generosi Stefano Salvatori aldo Di Carlo Daniele M.Trucchi CNR‑ISM Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheIstituto di Struttura della MateriaSede Secondaria di MontelibrettiDiaTHEMA LabStrada Provinciale 35D900010 MontelibrettiRomeItaly CHOSE–Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy Department of Electronic EngineeringUniversity of Rome“Tor Vergata”Via del Politecnico 100133 RomeItaly Faculty of Engineering Universita degli Studi Niccolo CusanoVia don Carlo Gnocchi 300166 RomeItaly SpecXLab CNR‑ISMConsiglio Nazionale Delle RicercheIstituto di Struttura Della MateriaArea della Ricerca di Tor VergataVia del Fosso del Cavaliere 10000133 RomeItaly

Metal-halide perovskites are revolutionizing the world of X-ray detectors,due to the development of sensitive,fast,and cost-effective devices.Self-powered operation,ensuring portability and low power consumption,has also been recently demonstrated in both bulk materials and thin films.However,the signal stability and repeatability under continuous X-ray exposure has only been tested up to a few hours,often reporting degradation of the detection performance.Here it is shown that self-powered direct X-ray detectors,fabricated starting from a FAPbBr_(3)submicrometer-thick film deposition onto a mesoporous TiO_(2)scaffold,can withstand a 26-day uninterrupted X-ray exposure with negligible signal loss,demonstrating ultra-high operational stability and excellent repeatability.No structural modification is observed after irradiation with a total ionizing dose of almost 200 Gy,revealing an unexpectedly high radiation hardness for a metal-halide perovskite thin film.In addition,trap-assisted photoconductive gain enabled the device to achieve a record bulk sensitivity of 7.28 C Gy^(−1)cm^(−3)at 0 V,an unprecedented value in the field of thin-film-based photoconductors and photodiodes for“hard”X-rays.Finally,prototypal validation under the X-ray beam produced by a medical linear accelerator for cancer treatment is also introduced.

关键词： Metal-halide perovskite thin films Direct X-ray detectors Self-powered devices Operational stability Medical linear accelerator

Sol-gel derived B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate bioactive glasses with hemostatic,antibacterial and pro-angiogenic activities

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 108-118页

作者： Kai Zheng Faina Bider Mahshid Monavari Zhiyan Xu Christina Janko Christoph Alexiou Ana M.Beltran aldo R.Boccaccini Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine College of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Institute of Biomaterials University of Erlangen-Nuremberg91058 ErlangenGermany Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck SurgerySection of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine(SEON)Else Kroener-Fresenius-Stiftung ProfessorshipUniversitaetsklinikum Erlangen91058 ErlangenGermany Departamento de Ingenier�ıa y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte Escuela Politecnica

Sol-gel borate bioactive glasses(BGs)are promising ion-releasing biomaterials for wound healing applications.Here,we report the synthesis of a series of binary B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate BGs(CaO ranging from 50 to 90mol%)using a sol-gel-based method.The influence of CaO content in B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate BG on morphology,structure and ion release behavior was investigated in detail.Reduced dissolution(ion release)and crystallization could be observed in borate BGs when CaO content increased,while the morphology was not significantly altered by increasing CaO content.Our results evidenced that the ion release behavior of borate BGs could be tailored by tuning the B_(2)O_(3)/CaO molar ratio.We also evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity,hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic activities of borate BGs.Cytocompatibility was validated for all borate BGs.However,borate BGs exhibited composition-dependent hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic activities.Generally,higher contents of Ca in borate BGs facilitated hemostatic activity,while higher contents of B_(2)O_(3) were beneficial for pro-angiogenic activity.The synthesized sol-gel-derived borate BGs are promising materials for developing advanced wound healing dressings,given their fast ion release behavior and favorable hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic activities.

关键词： borate glasses sol-gel processing glass composition wound healing

Breaking paradigms: Long non-coding RNAs forming gene fusions with potential implications in cancer

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 311-323页

作者： David Sanchez-Marin Macrina Beatriz Silva-Cazares Fany Iris Porras-reyes Rebeca Garcia-Roman Alma D.Campos-Parra Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad de MexicoC.P.04360Mexico Unidad Academica Multidisciplinaria Region Altiplano Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potost(UASLP)Carretera a Cedral Km 5+600Ejido San Jose de la TrojesMatehualaSan Luis PotosiC.P.78760Mexico Servicio de Anatomia Patologica Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia(INCan)Nino JesuisTlalpanCiudaddeMexicoC.P.14080Mexico Instituto de Salud Publica Universidad Veracruzana(UV)Av.Dr LuisDr.Castelazo Ayala s/nCol.Industrial AnimasXalapaVeracruzC.P.91190Mexico

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are non-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides with dynamic regulatory functions.They interact with a wide range of molecules such as DNA,RNA,and proteins to modulate diverse cellular functions through several mechanisms and,if deregulated,they can lead to cancer development and progression.Recently,it has been described that IncRNAs are susceptible to form gene fusions with mRNAs or other IncRNAs,breaking the paradigm of gene fusions consisting mainly of protein-coding genes.However,their biological significance in the tumor phenotype is still uncertain.Therefore,their recent identification opens a new line of research to study their biological role in tumor-igenesis,and their potential as biomarkers with clinical relevance or as therapeutic targets.The present study aimed to review the IncRNA fusions identified so far and to know which of them have been associated with a potential function.We address the current challenges to deepen their study as well as the reasons why they represent a future therapeutic window incancer.

关键词： Cancer Genefusions IncRNAs ncRNAs Therapy

La modernización con caracteristicas chinas

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今日中国（西文版） 2024年第3期 40-41页

作者： MILTON reyes HERRERA 不详

Highly sensitive ratiometric fluorescent fiber matrices for oxygen sensing with micrometer spatial resolution

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 292-306页

作者： Giuliana Grasso Valentina Onesto Stefania Forciniti Eliana D’Amone Francesco Colella lara Pierantoni Valeria Famà Giuseppe Gigli Rui L.Reis J.Miguel Oliveira Loretta L.del Mercato nstitute of Nanotechnology National Research Council(CNR-NANOTEC)c/o Campus Ecoteknevia Monteroni73100 LecceItaly Department of Mathematics and Physics“Ennio De Giorgi” University of Salentoc/o Campus Ecoteknevia Monteroni73100 LecceItaly 3B’s Research Group I3Bs–Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal Department of Experimental Medicine University of Salentoc/o Campus Ecoteknevia Monteroni73100 LecceItaly

Oxygen(O_(2))-sensing matrices are promising tools for the live monitoring of extracellular O_(2) consumption levels in long-term cell cultures.In this study,ratiometric O_(2)-sensing membranes were prepared by electrospinning,an easy,low-cost,scalable,and robust method for fabricating nanofibers.Poly(ε-caprolactone)and poly(dimethyl)siloxane polymers were blended with tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)dichloride,which was used as the O_(2)-sensing probe,and rhodamine B isothiocyanate,which was used as the reference dye.The functionalized scaffolds were morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy,and their physicochemical profiles were obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,and water contact angle measurement.The sensing capabilities were investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy,performing photobleaching,reversibility,and calibration curve studies toward different dissolved O_(2)(DO)concentrations.Electrospun sensing nanofibers showed a high response to changes in DO concentrations in the physiological-pathological range from 0.5%to 20%and good stability under ratiometric imaging.In addition,the sensing systems were highly biocompatible for cell growth promoting adhesiveness and growth of three cancer cell lines,namely metastatic melanoma cell line SK-MEL2,breast cancer cell line MCF-7,and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line Panc-1,thus recreating a suitable biological environment in vitro.These O_(2)-sensing biomaterials can potentially measure alterations in cell metabolism caused by changes in ambient O_(2)content during drug testing/validation and tissue regeneration processes.

关键词： Electrospinning Ruthenium(II)dichloride Oxygen sensors Ratiometric imaging Fluorescence