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Mending the broken in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: DNA damage and repair in motor neuron degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 104-105页

作者： Byung Woo Kim Lee j.martin Department of Pathology Division of Neuropathologythe Pathobiology Graduate Training ProgramJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Neuroscience Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that causes paralysis and respiratory failure(Petrov et al.,2017).The driving mechanisms are unknown,and there are no effective treatments(Petrov et al.,2017).Aging and a few gene mutations,a common one being missense mutations in superoxide dismutase-1(SOD1),are risk factors for ALS(Figure 1).The recent Food and Drug Administration approval of edaravone for the treatment of ALS putatively supports a role for oxidative and nitrative stresses in the disease processes(Figure 1A).DNA damage,abnormalities in DNA repair,and other nuclear abnormalities are implicated also in the pathogenesis of human ALS(Bradley and Krasin,1982;Kim et al.,2020).

关键词： al. damage degeneration

Bank erosion in an Andean páramo river system: Implications for hydro-development and carbon dynamics in the neotropical Andes

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journal of Mountain Science 2019年第2期16卷 243-255页

作者： Derek j.martin Christopher ELY Beverley C.WEMPLE Department of Geography and Planning Appalachian State University Department of Geography University of Vermont

The páramo of the Northern Andes provide critically important ecosystem services to the Northern Andean region in the form of water provisioning and carbon sequestration, both of which are a result of the páramo?s organic-rich soils. Little is known, however, about the hydro-geomorphic characteristics of the rivers that drain these ecosystems. With impending plans for widespread hydro-development and increasing implementation of carbon-sequestering compensation for ecosystem services programs in the region it is imperative that we develop a thorough understanding of the hydrogeomorphic role that rivers play in this unique ecosystem. The objective of this study was to quantify bank erosion along an Amazonian headwater stream draining a small, relatively undisturbed páramo catchment to gain a better understanding of the natural erosion regime and the resulting sediment contributions from this unique ecosystem. This study implemented a combination of field, laboratory, and Geographic Information Systems techniques to quantify bank erosion rates and determine a bank erosion sediment yield from the Ningar River, a small páramo catchment(22.7 km^2) located in the eastern Andean cordillera of Ecuador. Results show that bank erosion rates range from 3.0 to ≥ 390.0 mm/yr, are highly episodic, and yield at least 487 tons of sediment annually to the Ningar River. These results imply that 1) páramo ecosystems substantially contribute to the sediment load of the Amazon River basin; 2) bank erosion is a potentially significant flux component of basin-scale carbon cycles in páramo ecosystems; and 3) hydrologic alteration campaigns(dam building) will likely critically alter these contributions and concomitantly disconnect a critical source of sediment and nutrients to downstream ecosystems.

关键词： Bank erosion Páramo Fluvial geomorphology Andes

Lowest-lying spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 baryon magnetic moments in chiral perturbation theory

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第9期34卷 1307-1311页

作者：耿立升 j.martin-Camalich L.Alvarez-Ruso M.j.Vicente-Vacas Departamento de Física Teórica and IFIC Universidad de Valencia-CSIC Centro de Física Computacional Departamento de FísicaUniversidade de Coimbra

We review some recent progress in our understanding of the lowest-lying spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 baryon magnetic moments （MMs） in terms of Chiral Perturbation Theory （ChPT）.In particular,we show that at next-to-leading-order ChPT can describe the MMs of the octet baryons quite *** also make predictions for the decuplet MMs at the same chiral *** them,the MMs of the Δ＋＋ and Δ ＋ are found to agree well with data within the experimental uncertainties.

关键词： magnetic moments octet baryons decuplet baryons chiral perturbation theory

A mixed acid methodology to produce thermally stable cellulose nanocrystal at high yield using phosphoric acid

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journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第2期7卷 17-26页

作者： Khairatun Najwa Mohd Amin Alireza Hosseinmardi Darren j.martin Pratheep K.Annamalai Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology(AIBN) the University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072 Australia Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology College of Engineering TechnologyUniversiti Malaysia PahangLebuhraya Tun Razak26300 Gambang KuantanPahang D.M.Malaysia

Cellulose nanocrystal(CNC)with distinctive shape-morphology,enhanced thermal stability and dispersibility is essential for overcoming the challenges in processing polymer/CNC nanocom-posites through melt compounding at elevated *** study shows a mixed acid hy-drolysis method to produce CNC with improved thermal stability and high *** use of phosphoric acid(H_(3)PO_(4)),as a mild acid,in combination with a strong acid either sulphuric acid(H_(2)SO_(4))or hydrochloric acid(HCl)leads to reduced use of strong acids and low impact on our *** influences of acid combination and sequence of addition on the production yield were investigated by retaining the proportion of H_(3)PO_(4)to corrosive acid(H_(2)SO_(4)and HCl)4 to 1,and solid to liquid ratio 1꞉*** methodology has enabled to isolate CNC with higher thermal stability,dispersibility and productivity in terms of amount acid used 1 g of CNC,as compared with single acid *** CNC produced using the combination of H_(3)PO_(4)and HCl exhibits high thermal stability,dispersibility and rod-like shape morphology with length and width of(424±86)and(22±3)nm,***,this approach has reduced H_(3)PO_(4)consumption by 54%as compared with single acid hydrolysis method for the production of same amount of CNC.

关键词： Cellulose nanocrystal(CNC) Acid hydrolysis Thermal stability Mixed acid Crystallinity Production yield

Precise Orientational Control of Electroactive Units Using a Tripodal Triptycene Scaffold to Direct Noncovalent Pairing at the Single Molecular Level

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Precision Chemistry 2023年第6期1卷 388-394页

作者： Colin j.martin Tomoya Fukui Ryosuke Takehara Shintaro Fujii Takanori Fukushima Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science Institute of Innovative ResearchTokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohama 226-8503Japan Department of Chemistry School of ScienceTokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo 152-8551Japan

A break junction technique has been established to explore conductive behavior at the single molecular level,and recent interest has shifted toward the evaluation of bimolecular systems interacting through noncovalent intermolecular *** requires precise control over the orientation of the two molecules so that they can adapt an appropriate face-to-face arrangement between two ***,we present an approach using a tripodal triptycene scaffold that allows for accurate positioning of electroactive subunits with an upright configuration on substrate *** incorporated electron-donating tetrathiafulvalene or electron-accepting anthraquinone into the molecular scaffold and confirmed that the resulting molecules retain the electronic properties particular to their attached ***-assembled monolayers(SAMs)of these molecules were prepared on Au(111)and characterized by XPS and *** break junction techniques were applied to the SAMs,revealing two electrical conduction regimes;one arises from single-molecules sandwiched between two electrodes,and the second from intermolecularly interacting homodimers that bridge between *** observation demonstrates the validity of the approach of using tripodal triptycene scaffolds to precisely direct electroactive subunits to undergo intermolecular *** believe that the present work will provide a new avenue for evaluating the heterodimers at the single molecular level.

关键词： STM break junction self-assembled monolayers supramolecular scaffold noncovalent interactions triptycene

Applying the Socio-Ecological Model to barriers to implementation of ACL injury prevention programs: A systematic review

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第1期8卷 8-16页

作者： DRima L.Bogardus Ryan j.martin Alice R.Richman Anthony S.Kulas Department of Health Education and Promotion East Carolina University

Background: Preventing anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) injuries is important to avoid long-term adverse health consequences. Identifying barriers to implementation of these prevention programs is crucial to reducing the incidence of these injuries. Our purpose was to identify barriers of implementation for ACL injury prevention programs and suggest mechanisms for reducing the barriers through application of a SocioEcological Model(SEM).Methods: Studies investigating ACL prevention program effectiveness were searched in Medline via PubMed and the Cochrane Library, and a subsequent review of the references of the identified articles, yielded 15 articles total. Inclusion criteria encompassed prospective controlled trials, published in English, with ACL injuries as the primary outcome. Studies were independently appraised by 2 reviewers for methodological quality using the PEDro scale. Barriers to implementation were identified when reported in at least 2 separate studies. A SEM was used to suggest ways to reduce the identified ***: Five barriers were identified: motivation, time requirements, skill requirements for program facilitators, compliance, and cost. The SEM suggested ways to minimize the barriers at all levels of the model from the individual through policy ***: Identification of barriers to program implementation and suggesting how to reduce them through the SEM is a critical first step toward enabling ACL prevention programs to be more effective and ultimately reducing the incidence of these injuries.

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention Barriers to implementation Neuromuscular training programs Socio-Ecological Model Sports injury prevention

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复合材料制造与应用的现状及发展趋势

宇航材料工艺 1992年第3期22卷 45-48页

作者： Michael j.martin 董雨达哈尔滨玻璃钢研究所

最近,在第九届复合材料制造会议上,复合材料工业界一些知名人士讨论了与复合材料发展有关的问题。他们是Wright Patterson AFB公司技术经理Tobi cotdell、Chrysler公司塑料技术开发部经理SubiDinda、波音商业飞机制造公司开发部经理Henr... 详细信息

最近,在第九届复合材料制造会议上,复合材料工业界一些知名人士讨论了与复合材料发展有关的问题。他们是Wright Patterson AFB公司技术经理Tobi cotdell、Chrysler公司塑料技术开发部经理SubiDinda、波音商业飞机制造公司开发部经理Henry Fenbert、BASF结构材料公司总裁Dave Forest、Alcoa

关键词：复合材料制造应用

SRS和SBRT的临床疗效:能用经典放射生物学来阐述吗?

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第三军医大学学报 2014年第1期36卷 1-5页

作者：孙建国 j.martin Brown 第三军医大学新桥医院全军肿瘤诊治研究所重庆400037 斯坦福大学医学院放射肿瘤学系美国加利福尼亚州94305

立体定向放射外科（stereotactic radiosurgery,SRS）与体部立体定向放射治疗（stereotactic body radiotherapy,SBRT）又称立体定向消融放疗（stereotactic ablative radiotherapy,SABR）,是放疗界近年来的一项新技术,正逐渐成为某些... 详细信息

关键词：立体定位放射外科体部立体定位放射治疗经典放射生物学线性二次模型

Adaptive optical microscopy: the ongoing quest for a perfect image

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 243-249页

作者： martin j Booth Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxford OX13PJUK Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour University of OxfordOxford OX13SRUnited Kingdom School in Advanced Optical Technologies Friedrich-Alexander Universita¨t Erlangen-Nu¨rnberg91052 ErlangenGermany

Adaptive optics is becoming a valuable tool for high resolution microscopy,providing correction for aberrations introduced by the refractive index structure of *** is proving particularly promising for applications that require images from deep within biological tissue *** review recent developments in adaptive microscopy,including methods and applications.A range of advances in different microscope modalities is covered and prospects for the future are discussed.

关键词： aberrations adaptive optics microscopy