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Decommissioning of Mature Oil Fields and Artisanal Fisheries： The Case of Todosos Santos Bay, Brazil

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第1期1卷 73-81页

作者： Henrique de barros Marise Paranagua Viviane Almeida Mauro MeloJunior Patricia Ribeiro DLCH-Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife 52171-900Brazil Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife 52171-900Brazil Secretaria de MeioAmbiente Prefeitura do Recife 50030-230Brazil UAST-Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife 52171-900Brazil

Consequences of decommissioning oil fields on artisanal fishing activities are still little known in the literature. This paper is intended to shed some light on a process of dismantling and sinking of oil and gas structures in shallow waters, with severe disturbing impacts on low income artisanal fishing activities. From a socio-economic perspective, the relationship of oil industry with local communities is described, with the main perceived problems pointed out in local fishermen leadership perspective. The notions of ＂damages＂ and ＂mitigation＂ used by the oil industry are discussed in connection to the expansion and dismantling of oil installations during the past 20 yrs. A comparative view of oil fields decommissioning in Europe and Brazil during the late 1990s suggests the need to review transparency and social commitment standards which have been far less prominent in this Brazilian case. The authors believe that the Brazilian oil industry has acquired a social and environmental debt towards the whole society, as far as it has been unable to establish a clear and effective process for decommissioning their oil installations within the artisanal fishing areas of the Todosos Santos Bay. Furthermore, the discussion of fair and specific compensations has been avoided, which otherwise would be instrumental to regain local economic conditions found among fishermen just few decades ago.

关键词： Decommissioning oil fields mature oil fields environmental damages fishing communities Todosos Santos Bay.

Epidemiological Profile of Mental Health Program Patients in a Health Unit

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2020年第1期10卷 15-24页

作者： Amanda Maués Ramos Elisa Maria Novaes barros Juliana Manoella Monteiro de Oliveira Francisco Ipslon Terezo Rosas Junior Andrew Moraes Monteiro Vanessa Novaes barros Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA) Belém Brazil Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) Belém Brazil Neurology/Neuroscience from UNIFESP Estacio de Castanhal University Castanhal Brazil

Aim: To verify the epidemiological profile of patients enrolled in the Mental Health Program at a Family Health Unit, as well as the most prevalent disorders, age and comorbidities. Methods: After analyzing the medical records, the following variables were obtained: diagnosis of mental health status, gender, age group, associated comorbidities and medication in use. Results: There was a prevalence of 61.3% in women and 38.7% in men;patients aged 30 to 39 years were the most affected (22.6%);the most common disorders were epilepsy (36%), depression (14%), anxiety disorder (8.6%) and schizophrenia (8.6%);the most common comorbidities were systemic arterial hypertension (30%) and insomnia (15%) and the most commonly used psychotropic drugs were amitriptyline, carbamazepine and phenobarbital (10.2% each). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of females, mainly at 30 to 39 years old and the most prevalent diagnoses were epilepsy, depression and anxiety disorder. About medications, antidepressants and anticonvulsants were the most prescribed.

关键词： Mental Health Mental Disorders Comorbidity Epidemiology Prevalence Primary Health Care

Influence of the Freshwater Discharge on the Hydrodynamics of Patos Lagoon, Brazil

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第9期5卷 925-942页

作者： Gustavo Pessoa de barros Wiliam Correa Marques Eduardo de Paula Kirinus Institute of Mathematics Statistics and Physics Federal University of Rio Grande Rio Grande Brazil Institute of Oceanography Federal University of Rio Grande Rio Grande Brazil

Patos Lagoon is a very dynamic environment presenting hydrodynamic fluctuations from synoptic to decadal timescales. Thus, understanding the processes that determine the long term variability is fundamental for the correct coastal planning and management of this region. The main objective of this study is to understand how the freshwater discharge of the main tributaries controls the estuarine hydrodynamics of the Patos Lagoon, when considering long term timescales. Two numerical simulations were carried out using the TELEMAC3D numerical model, the former using freshwater discharge from 1940 to 1973 year (simulation A), and the second simulation using data between 1974 and 2006 year (simulation B). These two periods were selected because before (after) 1973 year, the annual mean freshwater discharge was lower (higher) than the mean value for the whole period (1080 m3/s). The navigational channel discharge, water level, salinity and current velocity differences between both simulations were analyzed. Ebb conditions prevailed over flood conditions for both simulations, but simulation B presented a higher volume of freshwater exported through the coastal zone. Water level differences demonstrated higher values (0.08 meters) close to the Guaiba River, which is the main tributary of the study region, and lower values were observed near to the Patos Lagoon mouth (0 meters). The most significant differences in the mean bottom and surface salinity were observed in the central zone of the estuary and at the Barra Breakwaters. Simulation A presented higher saline intrusion due to lower freshwater discharge, while simulation B showed an increase in the coastal plume intensity, caused by the higher freshwater discharge. The hydrodynamical simulations demonstrated with precision that the freshwater discharge intensity determine the vertical stratification of the estuary.

关键词： Estuarine Hydrodynamics Freshwater Discharge Hydrodynamical Modeling

Rainfall variability in the Brazilian northeast biomes and their interactions with meteorological systems and ENSO via CHELSA product

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Big Earth Data 2019年第4期3卷 315-337页

作者： Washington Luiz Félix Correia Filho JoséFrancisco De Oliveira-Júnior Dimas De barros Santiago Paulo Miguel De Bodas Terassi Paulo Eduardo Teodoro Givanildo De Gois Claudio JoséCavalcante Blanco Pedro Henrique De Almeida Souza Micejane da Silva Costa Heliofábio barros Gomes Paulo JoséDos Santos Institute of Atmospheric Sciences(ICAT) Federal University of Alagoas(UFAL)MaceióBrazil Postgraduate Program in Biosystems Engineering(PGEB) Federal Fluminense University(UFF)NiteróiBrazil Postgraduate Program in Meteorology Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Atmosféricas(UACA)Federal Universityof Campina Grande(UFCG)Campina GrandeBrazil Postgraduate Program in Physical Geography University of São Paulo(USP)São PauloBrazil Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS) Chapadão do SulBrazil fSchool of Industrial Metallurgical Engineering of Volta Redonda Technological CenterUniversidade Federal Fluminense(UFF)Volta RedondaBrazil Faculty of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering(FAESA/ITEC) Federal University of Pará(UFPA)BelémBrazil

Brazilian biomes are home to a significant portion of the world’s biodiversity,with a total of 14%of existing species and still concentrate 20%of the world’s water ***,changes in biomes have a direct impact on rainfall patterns and water *** on this,the objective was to evaluate the variability of rainfall in the four existing biomes in the Northeast Brazil(NEB)and their interaction with the ENSO climate variability mode and regional scale meteorological systems via CHELSA *** this,monthly rainfall data were used from 1979 to 2013,with a spatial resolution of 1 km×1 km of the CHELSA product,and seasonal and annual rainfall patterns were extracted via *** was found that the rainy season in the Amazon,Caatinga and Cerrado biomes occurred between January and April,with varying intensities,except for the Atlantic *** seasonality patterns are associated with the NEB meteorological systems,with emphasis on ITCZ(all Biomes),UTCV(Amazon,Caatinga and Cerrado),Frontal Systems(extreme south of Caatinga,Cerrado and Atlantic Forest)and EWD/TWD in the(Atlantic Forest).In the inter-annual scale,the remarkable influence of ENSO was verified,mainly in the years 1983,1985,1989,1993,1998,2009 and *** is noteworthy that 1985 was the wettest year of the period,with a surplus in all biomes,while the driest year differs between the Amazon(1983),Atlantic Forest and Caatinga(1993)and Cerrado(2012)*** study via orbital product in NEB showed that anthropogenic processes and natural variability interfere with the forms of rain interception in the biomes and hence in rainfall patterns and water recycling in NEB.

关键词： Phytophysiognomy rainfall inter-annual variability water recycling climate change land use and occupation

Bench for Vibration Study in an Unbalanced Motor Using Arduino

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2015年第2期5卷 82-87页

作者： Thayanne barros Bandeira Andre Souza da Cruz Wellington Fonseca da Silva Faeuldade de Engenharia El~trica Universidade Federal do Para Campus Tucurui Tucurui 68464-000 Brazil Faculdade de Ciencia e Tecnologia Universidade Federal do Para Campus Ananindeua Ananindeua 67020-000 Brazil

Part of the difficulty in engineering education is to achieve aggregate theoretical knowledge to practice what therefore discourages the student. Trying to alleviate this difficulty, practical problems are created to encourage students to apply their knowledge in different ways; these problems can be computational order, resolved by programs through simulation, or physical, with the realization of models, prototypes, benches or interactive platforms with visual practical approach. From this, it was proposed to students of the Federal University of Pardi--Campus Tucurui through the Electric Power Systems and Mechanics Research Group, in order to apply knowledge arising from multidisciplinary fields of engineering in the construction of a prototype with reused materials and low cost enabling studies and analysis of vibrations in unbalanced motors. This system features an open source prototyping embedded platform Arduino to read values from the sensors used： accelerometers and potentiometers coupled to the engine, aiming to collect values and vary the supply voltage. The results are read by Arduino and computationally processed to be printed on an LCD display. Therefore, the aim of this is to provide an accessible way using simple techniques a prototype linking the theoretical and practical knowledge as the system of the bench that performs vibration analysis in an unbalanced motor interactively, and encourage research and development technologies in the Amazon region.

关键词： Arduino engineering engines vibrations.

Methodology for the Determination of Trace and Minor Elements in Minerals and Fused Rock Glasses with Laser Ablation Associated with Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-Q-ICPMS)

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014年第11期5卷 701-721页

作者： Sandra Andrade Horstpeter Herberto Ulbrich Celso de barros Gomes Lucelene Martins Department of Mineralogy and Geotectonics Institute of Geosciences University of S&atilde o Paulo S&atilde o Paulo Brazil

The laser ablation technique, coupled with the use of quadrupole ICPMS equipment, proved a powerful tool for determination of trace elements in minerals. At the University of S?o Paulo, the technique was implemented for the study of minerals such as olivines, pyroxenes and biotites. The main problem to be tackled is the availability of proper multi-element reference materials usually prepared synthetically as glasses with various compositions by NIST and fused rock glasses by the Max Planck Institute (MPI) and USGS (basalts, andesite, quartz diorite, komatiites). The best tested ones are the NIST glasses, with good homogeneity and reliable compositional data for over 40 elements. Results are here presented that test additional RM’s. NIST 612 and 610 were used for calibration purposes. The best results were obtained for rock glasses USGS basalts BHVO-2G, BIR- 1G and BCR-2G (better homogeneity and recommended values). Our contribution tests especially the MPI komatiites glasses GOR-128 and GOR-132G, basalts KL-2G and ML-3BG, andesite StHs-6/ 80G and quartz diorite T-1G, discussing homogeneity issues and providing new data. There is a need for additional preparation of reliable reference materials.

关键词： Laser Ablation Mass Spectrometry Geological Reference Materials Fused Rock Glasses

Residual Stress and Fracture Toughness Study in A516 Gr70 Steel Joints Welded and Repaired by Arc Processes

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Engineering（科研） 2023年第11期15卷 749-758页

作者： Régis de Matos Curvelo de barros Mauricio David Martins das Neves Center for Materials Science and Technology-IPEN Energetyc and Nuclear Research Institute (IPEN) S&atildeo Paulo University S&atildeo Paulo Brazil

Structural components made of steel are used in several areas and require welding for assembly. In some situations, repair of the weld bead, also performed by electric arc welding, can be used to correct, and eliminate any discontinuities. However, electric arc welding causes the presence of residual stresses in the joint, which can impair its performance and not meet specific design requirements. In this paper, welded joints made of ASTM A 516 GR 70 steel plates, with a thickness of 30.5 mm, welded by the MAG—Metal Active Gas process (20% CO2) and using a “K” groove were analysed. The joints were manufactured with seven welding passes on each side of the groove. After welding, one batch underwent repair of the bead by TIG welding (Tungsten Insert Gas) and another batch underwent two repairs by TIG welding. Were presented results of the behaviour of the residual stress profile measured by X-ray diffraction and the Vickers microhardness profile in the joints as well the fracture toughness in the conditions only welded and submitted to repairs. The results indicated that the greater number of repair passes reduced the residual compressive stress values obtained in the material manufacturing process and caused a stabilization on the Vickers hardness values. It was concluded that compressive residual stresses did not play a major role in the R-curve results. The presence of discontinuities in the welded joint caused greater influence on the behaviour of the R curve.

关键词： Weld Repair Weld Fatigue Weld J Integral Residual Stress Microharness

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定多金属硫化矿中的锑、砷、铋、镉、钴和银

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有色矿冶 1991年第3期7卷 60-62页

作者： Joao S.barros 许孙曲

介绍了一种测定多金属硫化矿矿石、精、残渣和有关材料中的锑、砷、铋、镉、钴和银的方法。用水直接分解后,用空气-乙炔火焰的原子吸收光谱法测定各种元素,而砷是用氧化二氮乙炔火焰测定的。绘制了在3.5M盐酸中配制的溶液的校准图。未... 详细信息

介绍了一种测定多金属硫化矿矿石、精、残渣和有关材料中的锑、砷、铋、镉、钴和银的方法。用水直接分解后,用空气-乙炔火焰的原子吸收光谱法测定各种元素,而砷是用氧化二氮乙炔火焰测定的。绘制了在3.5M盐酸中配制的溶液的校准图。未观测到有干扰现象。本法被成功地用于测定含有大量铜、铅、锌、或铁的多金属硫化矿物中的这六种元素。用本法获得的某些加拿大检定标准材料机构的矿石与精矿中锑、砷、铋、镉、钴和银的结果与检定值很一致。一般来说,相对标准偏差≤3%。

关键词：多金属硫化矿原子吸收光谱测定

Falls and health-related quality of life (SF-36) in elderly people—ISACAMP 2008

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Health 2013年第12期5卷 49-57页

作者： Iara Guimaraes Rodrigues Margareth Guimaraes Lima Marilisa Berti de Azevedo barros Faculty of Medical Sciences Department of Public HealthState University of CampinasCampinasBrazil

Falls are accidental events and harmful to the healthy elderly. Its consequence can lead to the disability and the death. Accordingly, it becomes important to assess the relation between falls and quality of life. This theme is little studied in Brazil and internationally, especially in areas with large population bases. Objective: To identify the association between occurrence of fall and health-related quality of life (HRQL) using the SF-36 according to gender, age and schooling, among the elderly population of Campinas/Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based study, using data from ISACAMP 2008. The present study analyzed only the population with 60 years old or more, totaling 1432 elderly individuals. The dependent variables were the eight SF-36 scale, version 2. The main independent variables were the falls occurred in the last 12 months and the limitation in activities daily living due to the falls. Analysis were carried out with the simple and multiple linear regression model in order to determine the associations between the dependent and main independent variables, using svy commands of STATA 11.0. Results: The prevalence of falls in the last year was 6.3%. The elderly individuals who referred to fall in the last 12 months exhibited the lowest score in seven of eight SF-36 scales, comparing with non-fallers. The association between fall and HRQL was greater in the male population. The elderly individuals who are older (75 or more) and located in the lower schooling stratum, and experienced falls also exhibited the lowest SF-36 scale scores, in physical and social functioning. Stratifying falls, considering those who cause limitations and those who do not, can be observed with the lowest scores in physical functioning, role physical, role emotion and social functioning, and only in the stratum of people who have limitations in daily living. Conclusion: The occurrence of falls can cause important limitations in the elderly individuals, and the lim

关键词： Falls Elderly Quality of Life