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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 526-529页

作者： Alessandro Fancellu Mario Maiore Lavinia grasso Miriam Ferrara alberto Porcu Department of Medicine Surgery and PharmacyUnit of General Surgery 2-Clinica ChirurgicaUniversity of SassariSassari 07100Italy Department of Medicine Surgery and PharmacyUnit of RadiologyUniversity of SassariSassari 07100Italy

Total pancreatectomy(TP) is a surgical procedure which includes the complete removal of the pancreatic gland, the spleen, the duodenum, the gallbladder, and the distal part of the stomach. TP represents the curative treatment of pancreatic cancer which simultaneously involves the head and the body/tail of the pancreas. Other possible indications for TP comprise multifocal parenchymal diseases, such as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, multiple endocrine neoplasms, and chronic pancreatitis. Sometimes, TP is carried out in patients scheduled for pancreaticoduodenectomy(where only the head of the pancreas is removed) when a cancer located in the pancreatic head is intraoperatively found to also extend to the pancreatic body [1].

关键词： neoplasms stomach spleen

Physical activity and amyloid beta in middle-aged and older adults:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 133-144页

作者： María Rodriguez-Ayllon Patricio Solis-Urra Cristina Arroyo-ávila Miriam álvarez-Ortega Pablo Molina-garcía Cristina Molina-Hidalgo Manuel gómez-Río Belinda Brown Kirk I.Erickson Irene Esteban-Cornejo Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamGD 3015the Netherlands Department of Physical Education and Sports Faculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute(iMUDS)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Faculty of Education and Social Sciences Universidad Andres BelloVina del Mar 2531015Chile Department of Nuclear Medicine Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalInstitute of Biosanitary Research of Granada(IBS)Granada 18014Spain Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalInstitute of Biosanitary Research of Granada(IBS)Granada 18014Spain Department of Psychology University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA Centre for Healthy Ageing Health Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia Advent Health Research Institute Neuroscience Institute OrlandoOrlandoFL 32803USA Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Research Center(CIBERobn) Institute of Health Carlos Ⅲ(ISCⅢ)Madrid 28029Spain

Background:One of the pathological hallmarks distinguishing Alzheimer’s disease from other dementias is the accumulation of amyloid beta(Aβ).Higher physical activity is associated with decreased dementia risk,and one potential path could be through Aβlevels *** aimed to explore the relationship between physical activity and Aβin middle-aged and older ***:A systematic search of PubMed,Web of Science,PsycINFO,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and SPORTDiscus was performed from inception to April 28,*** were eligible if they included physical activity and Aβdata in adults aged 45 years or ***-level metaanalyses of intervention and observational studies were performed to examine the role of physical activity in modulating Aβ***:In total,37 articles were included(8 randomized controlled trials,3 non-randomized controlled trials,4 prospective longitudinal studies,and 22 cross-sectional studies).The overall effect size of physical activity interventions on changes in blood Aβwas medium(pooled standardized mean difference=-0.69,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.41 to 0.03;I^(2)=74.6%).However,these results were not statistically significant,and there were not enough studies to explore the effects of physical activity on cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and brain Aβ.Data from observational studies were examined based on measurements of Aβin the brain using positron emission tomography scans,CSF,and *** physical activity was positively associated with Aβonly in the CSF(Estimate r=0.12;95%CI:0.05-0.18;I^(2)=38.00%).Conclusion:Physical activity might moderately reduce blood Aβin middle-aged and older ***,results were only near statistical significance and might be interpreted with caution given the methodological limitations observed in some of the included *** observational studies,higher levels of physical activity were positively associated with Aβonly in ***,further research is needed t

关键词： Aging Cognitive impairment Dementia Exercise PET

Assessment of Water Quality in High-Pressure Peruvian Anthropic Sectors of Lake Titicaca Using a Calibrated Index

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Journal of geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第8期12卷 97-114页

作者： Stive Flores-gómez Adilson Ben Da Costa Eduardo A. Lobo graduate Program in Environmental Technology University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC) Santa Cruz do Sul Brazil

The world’s lakes are in the process of degradation, with loss of water quality as a result of anthropic influences. This research aimed to evaluate water quality in high-pressure Peruvian anthropic sectors of Lake Titicaca using a calibrated index. The study considered ten important bays with influence from urban sectors. In each bay, surface waters were monitored for six years, considering physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. Water quality was assessed using the NSF Water Quality Index (NSF-WQI) and the one calibrated for Lake Titicaca (WQIT). Comparing the efficiency of these two indices, the WQIT showed a variation from moderately polluted bays to bad quality bays, such as Desaguadero and Yunguyo. These two bays were classified as hypereutrophic, therefore, the uses attributable to this condition are only irrigation and energy production. Applying the NSF-WQI, the results were not able to identify this significative difference, as all bays were classified as moderate quality waters. This result indicates that the WQIT calibration was adequate, as it allows inferring and estimating the water quality of Lake Titicaca with greater precision. According to Peru’s water quality standard for category 4, established for the conservation of the country’s lakes, the parameters that exceeded the standard values were PO4-P (0.035 mg∙L−1) and BOD5 (5 mg∙L−1) in all bays, and TC (1000 MPN mL−1) in Yunguyo bay. These high values indicate eutrophication processes, one of the main problems in the study area. The WQIT calibrated for Lake Titicaca can be used as an efficient tool to assess water quality in high Andean lentic waterbodies in South America.

关键词： Andean Lakes Water Quality Assessment Eutrophication Water Quality Index (WQIT)

Current challenges in the treatment of gliomas:The molecular era

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第8期15卷 982-986页

作者： Castalia Fernández Juan zafra-Martín Felipe Couñago Department of Radiation Oncology GenesisCare MadridMadrid 28043Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Universitario Vithas La MilagrosaGenesisCareMadrid 28010Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Universitario San Francisco de AsísGenesisCareMadrid 28002Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaMálaga 29010Spain

gliomas originate from glial cells in the central nervous *** 80%-85%of malignant brain tumors in adults are *** most common central nervous system tumor in children is low-grade pediatric *** was determined by histological features until 2016 when the World Health Organization classification integrated molecular data with anatomopathological information to achieve a more integral *** characterization has led to better diagnostic and prognostic staging,which in turn has increased the precision of *** efforts are focused on more effective therapies to prolong survival and improve the quality of life of adult and pediatric patients with ***,improvements in survival have been ***,clinical guidelines,as well as the article by Mohamed et al accompanying this editorial piece,are adapting treatment recommendations(surgery,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy)according to diagnosis and prognosis guided by molecular ***,this paves the way for the design of clinical trials with new therapies,which is especially important in pediatric gliomas.

关键词： gliomas Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Isocitrate dehydrogenase-type mutant Pediatric gliomas Astrocytoma Oligodendroglioma 1p/19q-codeleted

“城市矿产”资源产生及其供给潜力:以金属铌为例

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第8期54卷 2625-2632页

作者：曾现来 Moisés gÓmez Mahmoud BAKRY 耿涌李金惠清华大学环境学院北京100084 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院上海200240 上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院上海200030

“碳中和”战略正在重塑全球资源流动和循环利用的格局,迅速增长的“城市矿产”(也称为二次资源)作为地质矿产的延伸,在资源供给和平衡方面发挥着越来越重要的作用.铌是一种关键金属,但目前缺乏对其可持续性的研究.循环利用的基本原则... 详细信息

“碳中和”战略正在重塑全球资源流动和循环利用的格局,迅速增长的“城市矿产”(也称为二次资源)作为地质矿产的延伸,在资源供给和平衡方面发挥着越来越重要的作用.铌是一种关键金属,但目前缺乏对其可持续性的研究.循环利用的基本原则是尽可能的在其全生命周期过程中高效利用该金属,对此,我们评估了含铌材料在报废过程中的损耗,揭示了最大限度减少此类损耗的必要性,阐明了全生命周期中含“城市矿产”和合金的利用过程.根据对大多数铌应用产生的“城市矿产”预测,如果不进行回收利用,到2090年可能会损失16.8万吨.相反,如果金属铌的回收利用率增至90%,预计其损失将减少到1.6万吨.因此,需要探索各种措施,以实现从线性经济到循环经济的无缝过渡,促进铌资源的可持续利用.

关键词：铌 “城市矿产” 循环经济回收利用可持续性

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generic singularities for 2D pressureless flows

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Science China Mathematics 2024年

作者： alberto Bressan geng Chen Shoujun Huang Department of Mathematics Penn State University University Park Department of Mathematics University of Kansas College of Mathematical Medicine Zhejiang Normal University

In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem for pressureless gases in two space dimensions with the generic smooth initial data(density and velocity). These equations give rise to singular curves, where the mass has a positive density with respect to the 1-dimensional Hausdorff measure. We observe that the system of equations describing these singular curves is not hyperbolic. For analytic data, local solutions are constructed by using a version of the Cauchy-Kovalevskaya theorem. We then study the interaction of two singular curves in the generic position. Finally, for a generic initial velocity field, we investigate the asymptotic structure of the smooth solution up to the first time when a singularity is formed.

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Coke behavior with H_(2)O in a hydrogen-enriched blast furnace:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 959-976页

作者： Feng Zhou Daosheng Peng Kejiang Li alberto N.Conejo Haotian Liao Zixin Xiong Dongtao Li Jianliang Zhang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Baosteel Central Research Institute(R&D Center of Wuhan Iron&Steel Co. Ltd.)Wuhan 430080China Shougang Research Institute of Technology Shougang Group Corporation Ltd.Beijing 100043China Beijing Key Laboratory of green Recyclable Process for Iron and Steel Production Technology Beijing 100043China

Hydrogen-enriched blast furnace ironmaking has become an essential route to reduce CO_(2)emissions in the ironmaking ***,hydrogen-enriched reduction produces large amounts of H_(2)O,which places new demands on coke quality in a blast *** a hydrogen-rich blast furnace,the presence of H_(2)O promotes the solution loss *** result improves the reactivity of coke,which is 20%-30%higher in a pure H_(2)O atmosphere than in a pure CO_(2)*** activation energy range is 110-300 kJ/mol between coke and CO_(2)and 80-170 kJ/mol between coke and H_(2)***_(2)and H_(2)O are shown to have different effects on coke degradation *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the effect of H_(2)O on the structure and properties of *** exploring the interactions between H_(2)O and coke,several unresolved issues in the field requiring further research were *** review aims to provide valuable insights into coke behavior in hydrogen-rich environments and promote the further development of hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking processes.

关键词： hydrogen ironmaking coke behavior blast furnace gasification microstructure kinetics

A review of recent advances of kesterite thin films based on magnesium, iron and nickel for photovoltaic application: insights into synthesis, characterization and optoelectronic properties

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CLEAN ENERgY 2024年第2期8卷 217-238页

作者： Perez, Nelson Mauricio Espinel Lopez, Enrique Vera Cuaspud, Jairo alberto gomez Castello, Juan Bautista Carda Univ Pedag & Tecnol Colombia Grp Invest Integridad & Evaluac Mat GIEM Inst Invest & Innovac Ciencia & Tecnol Mat INCITEM Ave Cent Norte 39-115 Tunja Boyaca Colombia Ctr Minero Serv Nacl Aprendizaje Sena Vereda Morca Sect Bata Sogamoso Boyaca Colombia Univ Jaume 1 Grp Quim Inorgan & Organ Campus Riu Sec Castellon De La Plana Castellon De La Spain

This review emphasizes the recent advancements and prospects of thin-film kesterite-based photovoltaic (PV) applications using magnesium, iron and nickel. The quest for novel materials employed in solar cells has resulted in incorporating these elements into the composition of kesterite as substitutes or modifiers (dopants) for zinc. This integration has induced notable repercussions on the structural, optoelectronics and morphological properties, which are reviewed. The first section of this paper offers a comprehensive review of the general characteristics of kesterite minerals. These crucial materials exhibit a high absorption coefficient (104 cm-1) and an optical band gap of 1.0-1.8 eV. Moreover, they are free of critical raw materials, non-toxic and sustainable. The second section depicts the substitution or modification of zinc by magnesium in kesterite. Additionally, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the quaternary and pentanary systems Cu2MgSn(S,Se)4 and Cu2Zn1-xMgxSnS4, highlighting their advantages and drawbacks. In the last section, a review of the quaternary or pentanary systems is conducted, namely Cu2ZnxFe1-xSnS4 and Cu2ZnxNi1-xSnS4, along with their effects on optoelectronic properties. In conclusion, various methods for obtaining modified or substituted kesterite materials using magnesium, iron and nickel have demonstrated sustainability, scalability for industrial production and potential candidacy as substitutes for conventional PV materials. The prospects for pentanary materials (Cu2Zn1-xMgxSnS4, Cu2Zn1-xFexSnS4 and Cu2Zn1-xNixSnS4) are to overcome the efficiency record of kesterite reported in 2014, which was 12.6 % for Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4, and to enhance its optoelectronic properties through synthesis conditions that comply with the principles of green chemistry. Recent advancements and prospects for thin-film kesterite-based materials for photovoltaic applications are reviewed in which magnesium, iron and nickel are used as substitutes o

关键词： kesterite thin film magnesium iron nickel substitutes or modifiers novel materials sustainability SOLAR-CELL TECHNOLOgIES HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES OPTICAL-PROPERTIES CU2ZNSNS4 CU2FESNS4 EFFICIENCY NANOPARTICLES FABRICATION

Academic Stress Assessment Using Virtual Reality as an Educational Tool in Spine Surgery

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 114-123页

作者： Diana Chávez Lizárraga Jesús alberto Pérez Contreras Fernando Alvarado gómez Evelyn Quintero Medina Emmanuel Cantú Chávez Iván Ulises Sámano López Ana Sofía Peña Blesa Department of Neurosurgery ángeles Pedregal Ciudad de México México Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics Hospital Santa Fe Bogotá Colombia

Introduction: The evaluation of academic stress in medical students and residents is a topic of significant interest, given the considerable challenges they face during their learning process with traditional teaching methods. The use of technologies like virtual reality presents an opportunity to enhance their skills through simulations and training. The main objective of this study is to qualitatively assess the stress levels experienced by medical students and residents by integrating virtual reality into their current learning methods, aiming to improve their ability to manage stressors in their practice. Material and Methods: A questionnaire was conducted with 12 medical students and 12 Traumatology and orthopedics residents. The purpose of the questionnaire was to evaluate the levels of academic stress using the SISCO inventory. The stress levels were calculated by transforming average values into percentages, and the following criteria were assigned: 0 to 33% for Mild Stress, 34 to 66% for Moderate Stress, and 67 to 100% for Deep Stress. Then, a virtual reality class focused on spine surgery was provided. Both medical students and residents were trained using the Non Nocere SharpSurgeon software platform and Oculus Quest 2 virtual reality glasses. At the end of the session, a second questionnaire related to the practice with virtual reality was conducted with the same evaluation criteria and a comparative analysis was carried out. Results: 12 undergraduate students from Hospital Angeles Mexico, CDMX and 12 traumatology and orthopedics residents at Hospital Santa Fe, Bogota were evaluated. The students in CDMX reported an average qualitative stress of 28.50% during habitual practices, which decreased to an average of 14.67% after virtual reality practice. Residents in Bogotá experienced an average qualitative stress of 30.50% with their current learning methods but this reduced to an average of 13.92% after using virtual reality. These findings indicate that t

关键词： Virtual Reality Academic Stress Learning Strategies Spine Surgery Training

Astrocytes, reactive astrogliosis, and glial scar formation in traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 973-989页

作者： María Belén Cieri alberto Javier Ramos Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular IBCN UBA-CONICETFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Traumatic brain injury is a global health crisis,causing significant death and disability *** that follows traumatic brain injury has serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive impairments,with astrocytes involved in this *** traumatic brain injury,astrocytes rapidly become reactive,and astrogliosis propagates from the injury core to distant brain *** astroglial proteins are downregulated near the traumatic brain injury core,while pro-inflammatory astroglial genes are *** altered gene expression is considered a pathological remodeling of astrocytes that produces serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive *** addition,glial scar formed by reactive astrocytes is initially necessary to limit immune cell infiltration,but in the long term impedes axonal reconnection and functional *** therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury are focused on preventing acute ***,cannabinoids,progesterone,beta-blockers,and cerebrolysin demonstrate neuroprotective benefits but most of them have not been studied in the context of *** this review,we discuss the cell signaling pathways activated in reactive astrocytes following traumatic brain injury and we discuss some of the potential new strategies aimed to modulate astroglial responses in traumatic brain injury,especially using cell-targeted strategies with miRNAs or lncRNA,viral vectors,and repurposed drugs.

关键词： astrocyte glial scar innate immunity neuroinflammation stab injury Toll-like receptors