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Influence of free fatty acid content and degree of fat saturation on production performance,nutrient digestibility,and intestinal morphology of laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 313-323页

作者： María Palomar Carlos Garces-Narro Olga Piquer Roser Sala Alba Tres Jose AGarcía-bautista María D.Soler AviFeed Science Department of Animal Production and HealthFacultad de VeterinariaUniversidad CEU Cardenal Herrera e CEU UniversitiesE-46115Alfara de PatriarcaValenciaSpain Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service Department of Animal and Food ScienceFacultat de VeterinariaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaE-08193BellaterraBarcelonaSpain Departament de Nutrici Ciencies de l’Alimentaci i GastronomiaFacultat de Farmacia i Ciencies de l’AlimentaciUniversitat de BarcelonaE-08921Santa Coloma de GramenetBarcelonaSpain

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary free fatty acid(FFA)content and degree of fat saturation on production performance,lipid and calcium digestibility,and intestinal function of laying *** a 15-week period,a total of 144 laying hens(19 weeks old)were randomly assigned to 8 dietary treatments,which were obtained by gradually replacing crude soybean oil with soybean acid oil(AO),or crude palm oil with palm fatty acid distillate(FAD).Thus,there were 4 soybean and 4 palm diets with 6%added fat varying in their FFA percentage(10%,20%,30%,and 45%),following a 2×4 factorial *** treatment included 6 replicates with 3 birds per *** daily feed intake and final body weight were significantly higher in palm diets(P<0.001),while no differences were found in egg mass and feed conversion *** levels of FFA in soybean diets resulted in lower egg production and higher egg weight(linear,P<0.01).Regarding the degree of fat saturation,hens fed soybean diets presented higher digestibility of ether extract(EE),fatty acids,and calcium than palm diets(P<0.001).The dietary FFA percentage negatively affected the digestibility of EE and calcium(P<0.01),while having little effect on FA *** was a significant interaction in the AME;lower values were reported in soybean diets as the dietary FFA percentage increased(linear,P<0.01),whereas palm diets remained *** experimental diets had little effect on gastrointestinal weight and ***,the jejunum of soybean diets showed higher villus height and higher villus height-to-crypt depth ratio than palm diets(P<0.05),and the dietary FFA percentage increased the crypt depth and decreased the villus height-to-crypt depth ratio(linear,P<0.05).It was concluded that varying dietary FFA content did not affect fat utilization as much as the degree of saturation did,supporting the use of AO and FAD as alternative fat ingredients.

关键词： Acid oil Fat by-product Fatty acid distillate Lipid Calcium

Habitat use in eight populations of Sceloporus grammicus(Squamata:Phrynosomatidae)from the Mexican Plateau

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第3期12卷 198-210页

作者： Adrian LEYTE-MANRIQUE Uriel HERNÁNDEZ-SALINAS Aurelio RAMÍREZ-bautista Vicente MATA-SILVA Jonathon C.MARSHALL Laboratorio de Biología Instituto Tecnológico Superior de SalvatierraSalvatierraGuanajuatoMexico Instituto Politécnico Nacional CIIDIR Unidad DurangoSigma 119Fraccionamiento 20 de Noviembre IIDurangoDurango 34220México Laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones Centro de Investigaciones BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de HidalgoKm 4.5 carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo42184Mineral de la ReformaHidalgoMexico Department of Biological Sciences The University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTexasUSA Department of Zoology Weber State University1415 Edvalson StreetOgdenUtahUSA

Studies on habitat use have often helped explain observed variation in morphology,behavior and reproductive characteristics among populations within a single *** we analyze morphological and ecological characteristics of individuals from the Sceloporus grammicus species complex from 7 different localities(CER,El Cerezo;PAC,Pachuca;HUI,Huichapan;EZA,Emiliano Zapata;SMR,san Miguel Regla;LMJ,La Mojonera;and LMZ,La Manzana)in the state of Hidalgo,and one locality(Cahuacán)in the State of Mexico.A canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)showed that females from PAC,EZA,LMZ,HUI,SMR and CAH populations use similar microhabitats characterized mostly by bare soil,in females from LMJ and CER use microhabitats characterized primarily by vegetation and *** were observed using 12 different types of *** regard to perch height use,the CCA showed that females from PAC,LMJ,LMZ,SMR,CER and CAH populations were correlated with height to nearest perch(HNP),in the rest of the females were not related to any perch use *** contrast,the CCA showed that males from PAC,LMJ and CAH were characterized by microhabitats with higher vegetal coverage,while males from LMZ and CER used microhabitats composed of bare soil,but males from HUI and SMR populations used microhabitats composed chiefly of bare soil and *** respect to perch height use,the CCA showed that males from PAC,LMJ,EZA and LMZ were correlated with distance to the nearest perch,but the rest of the males were not correlated with any perch use *** were observed in 9 different perch *** males were larger than the females in all morphological variables ***,in both sexes the snout-vent length is positively correlated with all morphological variables,and although both the slope and ordinate of the origin of all morphological variables were larger in males than females,the analysis of covariance indicated that there is no increase in the morphological variables with inc

关键词： canonical correspondence analyses habitat use morphology populations Sceloporus grammicus

Hepatoprotective effect of Geranium schiedeanum against ethanol toxicity during liver regeneration

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第25期21卷 7718-7729页

作者： Eduardo Madrigal-santillán Mirandeli bautista Juan A Gayosso-De-Lucio Yadira Reyes-Rosales Araceli Posadas-Mondragón ángel Morales-González Marvin A Soriano-Ursúa Jazmín García-Machorro Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar Iselaálvarez-González JoséA Morales-González Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservación Escuela Superior de MedicinaInstituto Politécnico NacionalPlan de San Luis y Díaz MirónMéxico DF 11340México área Académica de Farmacia ICSaUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de HidalgoPachuca de Sotoestado de HidalgoCP 42000México Escuela Superior de Cómputo Instituto Politécnico NacionalAv.Juan de Dios Bátiz s/n esquina Miguel Othón de MendizabalUnidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos Departamento de Fisiología Escuela Superior de MedicinaInstituto Politécnico NacionalPlan de San Luis y Díaz MirónColonia Casco de Santo TomasDel.Miguel HidalgoMéxico DF 11340México Laboratorio de Genética Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalAv.Wilfrido MassieuUnidad A.López MateosZacatencoMéxico DF 07700México

AIM: To evaluate the effect of an extract of Geranium schiedeanum(Gs) as a hepatoprotective agent against ethanol(Et OH)-induced toxicity in rats. METHODS: Male Wistar rats weighing 200-230 g were subjected to a 70% partial hepatectomy(PH); they were then divided into three groups(groups 1-3). During the experiment, animals in group 1 drank only water. The other two groups(2-3) drank an aqueous solution of Et OH(40%, v/v). Additionally, rats in group 3 received a Gs extract daily at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight intragastically. Subsequently, to identify markers of liver damage in serum, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin and bilirubin were measured by colorimetric methods. Glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were also determined. In addition, oxidative damage was estimated by measuring lipid peroxidation [using thiobarbituric-acid reactive substances(TBARS)] in both plasma and the liver and by measuring the total concentration of antioxidants in serum and the total antioxidant capacity in the liver. In addition, a liver mass gain assessment, total DNA analysis and a morpho-histological analysis of the liver from animals in all three groups were performed and compared. Finally, the number of deaths observed in the three groups was ***: Administration of the Geranium shiedeanum extract significantly reduced the unfavorable effect of ethanol on liver regeneration(restitution liver mass: PHEt OH group 60.68% vs PH-Gs-Et OH group 69.22%). This finding was congruent with the reduced levels of hepatic enzymes and the sustained or increased levels of albumin and decreased bilirubin in serum. The extract also modified the metabolic processes that regulate glucose and lipid levels, as observed from the serum measurements. Lower antioxidant levels and the liver damage induced by Et OH administration appeared to be mitigated by the extract, as observed from the TBARs(PH-Et OH group 200.14 mmol/mg vs PH-Gs-Et OH group 5

关键词： Geranium schiedeanum Liver regeneration Ethanol Free radicals Nuclear factor erythroid-2-relatedfactor 2

Site-Specific Conjugation of Cell Wall Polyrhamnose to Protein SpyAD Envisioning a Safe Universal Group A Streptococcal Vaccine

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2021年第2期3卷 87-100页

作者： Nina J.Gao Satoshi Uchiyama Lucy Pill Samira Dahesh Joshua Olson Leslie bautista Shilpa Maroju Aym Berges Janet ZLiu Raymond HZurich Nina Mvan Sorge Jeff Fairman Neeraj Kapoor Victor Nizet Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics Department of PediatricsUC San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Vaxcyte Inc.Foster CityCaliforniaUSA Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Netherlands Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Meningitis Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences UC San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA

Development of an effective vaccine against the leading human bacterial pathogen group A Streptococcus(GAS)is a public health *** species defining group A cell wall carbohydrate(GAC,Lancefield antigen)can be engineered to remove its immunodominant N-acetylglucosamine(GlcNAc)side chain,implicated in provoking autoimmune cross-reactivity in rheumatic heart disease,leaving its polyrhamnose core(GACPR).Here we generate a novel protein conjugate of the GACPR and test the utility of this conjugate antigen in active *** of conjugation to a standard carrier protein,we selected SpyAD,a highly conserved GAS surface protein containing both B-cell and T-cell epitopes relevant to the bacterium that itself shows promise as a vaccine *** was synthesized using the XpressTM cell-free protein expression system,incorporating a non-natural amino acid to which GACpr was conjugated by site-specific click chemistry to yield high molecular mass SpyAD-GACPR conjugates and avoid disruption of important T-cell and B-cell immunological *** conjugated SpyAD-GACPR elicited antibodies that bound the surface of multiple GAS strains of diverse M types and promoted opsonophagocytic killing by human *** immunization of mice with a multivalent vaccine consisting of SpyAD-GACPR,together with candidate vaccine antigens streptolysin O and C5a peptidase,protected against GAS challenge in a systemic infection model and localized skin infection model,without evidence of cross reactivity to human heart or brain tissue *** general approach may allow GAC to be safely and effectively included in future GAS subunit vaccine formulations with the goal of broad protection without autoreactivity.

关键词： group A Streptococcus Streptococcus pyogenes group A carbohydrate Lancefield antigen conjugate vaccine XpressCFTM non-natural amino acids SpyAD Introduction

Review of natural products with hepatoprotective effects

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14787-14804页

作者： Eduardo Madrigal-santillán Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar Isela álvarez-González María Teresa Sumaya-Martínez José Gutiérrez-Salinas Mirandeli bautista ángel Morales-González Manuel García-Luna y González-Rubio J Leopoldo Aguilar-Faisal José A Morales-González Laboratorio Medicina de Conservación Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico Nacional Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón Col. Casco de Santo Tomás Del. Miguel Hidalgo México DF 11340 México Laboratorio de Genética Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Unidad profesional Adolfo López Mateos Col. Lindavista Delegación Gustavo A. Madero México DF 07738 México Secretaria de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit "Ciu-dad de la Cultura Amado Nervo" Nayarit 28000 México Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Medicina Experimental División de Investigación Biomédica Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre" ISSSTE México DF 03100 México área Académica de Farmacia Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud UAEH Pachuca Hidalgo 42000 México Escuela Superior de Cómputo Instituto Politécnico Nacional Av. Juan de Dios Bátiz s/n esquina Miguel Othón de Mendizabal Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos México DF 07738 Mexico Facultad de Odontología UNAM México DF 04510 Mexico

The liver is one of the most important organs in the body,performing a fundamental role in the regulationof diverse processes,among which the metabolism,secretion,storage,and detoxification of endogenous and exogenous substances are *** to these functions,hepatic diseases continue to be among the main threats to public health,and they remain problems throughout the *** enormous advances in modern medicine,there are no completely effective drugs that stimulate hepatic function,that offer complete protection of the organ,or that help to regenerate hepatic ***,it is necessary to identify pharmaceutical alternatives for the treatment of liver diseases,with the aim of these alternatives being more effective and less *** use of some plants and the consumption of different fruits have played basic roles in human health care,and diverse scientific investigations have indicated that,in those plants and fruits so identified,their beneficial effects can be attributed to the presence of chemical compounds that are called *** present review had as its objective the collecting of data based on research conducted into some fruits(grapefruit,cranberries,and grapes)and plants[cactus pear(nopal)and cactus pear fruit,chamomile,silymarin,and spirulina],which are consumed frequently by humans and which have demonstrated hepatoprotective capacity,as well as an analysis of a resin(propolis)and some phytochemicals extracted from fruits,plants,yeasts,and algae,which have been evaluated in different models of hepatotoxicity.

关键词： Hepatoprotection Grapefruit Vaccinium spp Vitis vinifera L Opuntia ficus-indica Spirulina Propolis Glucans Alcoholic liver disease

Clinical and microbiological features of vulvovaginitis in Mexican girls

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第2期3卷 243-248页

作者： Mario I.Ortiz Edna J.Arreola-bautista Beatriz A.Sánchez-Reyes Georgina Romo-Hernández Marco A.Escamilla-Acosta Area Académica de Medicina del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo PachucaHidalgoMexico Universidad del Futbol y Ciencias del Deporte San Agustín TlaxiacaHidalgoMexico Hospital del Nino DIF Hidalgo PachucaHidalgoMexico

Study Objective: To determine the prevalence of vulvovaginitis, predisposing factors, microbial etiology and therapy in patients treated at the Hospital del Nino DIF, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. Design. This was an observational and descriptive study from 2006 to 2009. Setting: Hospital del Nino DIF, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. Participants. Patients from 0 to 16 years, with vulvovaginitis and/or vaginal discharge were included. Interventions: None. Main Outcome Measures: Demographic data, etiology, clinical features, risk factors and therapy were analyzed. Results: Four hundred twenty seven patients with diagnosis of vulvovaginitis were included. The average prevalence to 4 years in the study period was 0.19%. The age group most affected was schoolchildren (225 cases: 52.69%). The main signs and symptoms presented were leucorrhea (99.3%), vaginal hyperemia (32.6%), vulvar itching (32.1%) and erythema (28.8%). Identified risk factors were poor hygiene (15.7%), urinary tract infection (14.7%), intestinal parasites (5.6%) and obesity or overweight (3.3%). The main microorganisms found in vaginal cultures were enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and Enterococcus faecalis), Staphylococcus spp, and Gardnerella vaginalis. Several inconsistent were found in the drug prescription of the patients. Conclusion: Vulvovaginitis prevalence in Mexican girls is low and this was caused mainly by opportunist microorganisms. The initial treatment of vulvovaginitis must include hygienic measure and an antimicrobial according to the clinical features and microorganism found.

关键词： Vulvovaginitis Prevalence Etiologic Microorganisms Mexican Children and Adolescents

Hexavalent Chromium Removal by Citrus limonium Shell

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Open Journal of Inorganic Non 2012年第3期2卷 19-24页

作者： Juan Manuel Vargas-Morales Diana bautista-Mata Juan F. Cárdenas-González Víctor Manuel Martínez-Juárez Ismael Acosta-Rodríguez área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Instituto de Ciencias AgropecuariasUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Tulancingo de Bravo México Laboratorio de Micología Experimental Centro de Investigación y de Estudios de Posgrado Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí México

We studied the Chromium(VI) removal capacity in aqueous solution by the lemon shell, using the diphenylcarbazide method to evaluate the metal concentration. So, the highest biosorption of the metal (50 mg/L) occurs within 100 minutes, at pH of 1.0, and 28°C. According to temperature, the highest removal was observed at 60°C, in 11 minutes, when the metal (1 g/L) is completely adsorbed. At the analyzed concentrations of Cr(VI), lemon shell, showed excellent removal capacity, besides it removes efficiently the metal in situ (97.2% removal, 7 days of incubation, 5 g of biomass). After 1 hour of incubation the studied biomass reduces 1.0 g of Cr(VI) with the simultaneous production of Cr(III);so it can be used to eliminate it from industrial wastewater.

关键词： Chromium(VI) Biosorption Remotion Biomass Chromium(III)

Corrosion Behavior of API 5L X52 Steel under High Concentrations of H₂S/CO₂ Gases

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2016年第10期7卷 623-643页

作者： Mónica Jazmín Hernández Gayosso Gerardo Zavala Olivares Saúl bautista Fragoso Gabriel Ernesto Blanco del Valle Daniel Mauricio Godínez Oidor Víctor Ángel Rodríguez Gómez Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Norte 152 San Bartolo Atepehuacan Gustavo A. Madero Ciudad de México México Pemex Exploración Producción Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real Km 4.5 Colonia Renovación Edificio Kaxan Campeche México

In the present work, the susceptibility of API 5L X52 steel to corrosion processes was evaluated in the presence of high contents of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. Gravimetric tests and surface analyses were carried out to establish both the corrosion rate and damage type exhibited by the metal. The obtained results indicate that the hydrogen sulfide is the most active gas in the corrosion processes that took place, quite above carbon dioxide. The main observed corrosion products were iron sulfides and the typical damage associated with hydrogen sulfide presence was Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC). The surface damage evidences the presence of cracks with considerable magnitude and metal loss as consequences of the corrosion processes. Likewise, the presence of oxygen in the system modifies the displayed corrosion type, where corrosion products such as iron oxides and reduction in the number and extent of cracks are observed. On the other hand, the addition of a film-forming corrosion inhibitor based on modified imidazolines eliminates completely the development of cracks, although under certain test conditions, it can favor localized pitting corrosion.

关键词： H2S Corrosion Cracking Corrosion Inhibition