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Endoscopic response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors predicts long term benefits in Crohn's disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第14期25卷 1764-1774页

作者： Ignacio Alfaro Maria Carme Masamunt Nuria Planell Alicia López-García Jesús Castro Marta Gallego Rebeca Barastegui Angel Giner Alejandro Vara Azucena salas Elena Ricart Julián Panés Ingrid Ordás Gastroenterology Department Hospital Clínic de Barcelona Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) University of Barcelona

BACKGROUND Identifying predictors of therapeutic response is the cornerstone of personalized *** To identify predictors of long-term mucosal healing(MH) in patients with Crohn's disease(CD) treated with tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) *** Prospective single center study. Consecutive patients with clinically active CD requiring treatment with a TNF-α inhibitor were included. A baseline segmental CD Endoscopic Index of Severity(CDEIS) ≥ 10 in at least one segment or the presence of ulcerations were required for inclusion. Clinical, biological and endoscopic data were obtained at baseline, weeks 14 and 46. Endoscopic response(ER) was defined as a decrease ≥ 50% from baseline CDEIS and MH as partial CDEIS ≤ 5 in all *** Of 62 patients were included. At baseline, median CD Activity Index and CDEIS were 201 and 6.7, respectively with a significant reduction after one year of treatment(53 and 3.0 respectively, P < 0.001). At week 14, 56% of patients achieved ER and 34% MH. At week 46, the corresponding percentages were 52%and 44%. Baseline disease characteristics or biomarkers did not predict MH. A decrease from baseline CDEIS at week 14 of at least 80% was the best predictor of MH at week 46(59% sensitivity and 91% specificity; area under the curve =0.778).CONCLUSION Clinical and biomarker data are not useful predictors of response to TNF-αinhibitors in CD, whereas ER to induction therapy, defined as 80% reduction in global CDEIS, is a robust predictor of long-term MH. Achievement of this endoscopic endpoint may be considered as a therapeutic target for anti-TNF-αtherapy.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Endoscopy Mucosal healing Crohn’s Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity Tumor necrosis factor

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Tacrolimus confers lower acute rejection rates and better renal allograft survival compared to cyclosporine

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World Journal of Transplantation 2016年第4期6卷 697-702页

作者： Mahmoud Kamel Manish Kadian Titte Srinivas David Taber Maria Aurora Posadas salas Department of Medicine Medical University of South Carolina Department of Surgery Medical University of South Carolina

AIM To compare the impact of tacrolimus(FK) and cyclosporine(CYA) on acute rejection and graft survival and to assess the predominant causes of graft loss between patients receiving these two calcineurin inhibitors(CNIs).METHODS Retrospective review of 1835 patients who received a kidney transplant(KTX) between 1999-2012. Patients were grouped based on initial CNI utilized: 1195 in FK group, 640 in CYA group. Data on baseline characteristics, clinical outcomes, and causes of graft loss in both groups were analyzed. RESULTS Cumulative acute rejection rates were 14% in the FK vs 24% in the CYA group. Despite more marginal donor characteristics in the FK group, these patients had better graft survival rates compared to the CYA group. Three and five year graft survival rates were 88% and 84% respectively in the FK group compared to 79% and 70% respectively in the CYA group(P < 0.001). After multivariate analysis, which controlled for confounders, FK use was a strong predictor for lower acute rejectionrates [odds ratio(OR) 0.60, 95%CI: 0.45-0.79] and better renal allograft survival(OR 0.740, 95%CI: 0.58-0.94). Death with a functioning graft was the most common cause of graft loss in both groups. Common causes of death included cardiovascular disease, infections, and malignancies. Chronic allograft nephropathy was also found to be an important cause of graft loss, being more prevalent in the CYA group. CONCLUSION The use of FK-based maintenance immunosuppression therapy is associated with a significantly lower rate of acute rejection and better graft survival compared to CYA-based regimen. Individualizing immunosuppression through risk-stratified CNI choice may lead to improved outcomes across all spectra of KTX patients.

关键词： Tacrolimus Cyclosporine Renal allograft survival

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Biofilm and Helicobacter pylori:From environment to human host

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第19期20卷 5632-5638页

作者： Apolinaria García María José salas-Jara Carolina Herrera Carlos González Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana Departamento de MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepción 4030000Chile

Helicobacter pylori(***)is a Gram negative pathogen that selectively colonizes the human gastric *** 50%of the world population is infected with *** reaching up to 90%of infected individuals in developing *** the increased impact upon public health care,its reservoir and the transmission pathway of the species has not been clearly established *** studies allowed the detection of *** in various aquatic environments,even forming biofilm in tap water distribution systems in several countries,suggesting a role of water as a possible reservoir of the *** persistence of human infection with *** and the resistance of clinical isolates to commonly used antibiotics in eradication therapy have been related to the genetic variability of the species and its ability to develop biofilm,demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro ***,during the last years,experimental work with this pathogen has been focused in the search for biofilm inhibitors and biofilm destabilizing ***,only two *** biofilm disrupting agents have been successfully used:Curcumin-a natural dye-and N-acetyl cysteine-a mucolytic agent used in respiratory *** main goal of this review was to discuss the evidences available in the literature supporting the ability of *** to form biofilm upon various surfaces in aquatic environments,both in vivo and in *** results published and our own observations suggest that the ability of *** to form biofilm may be important for surviving under stress conditions or in the spread of the infection among humans,mainly through natural water sources and water distribution systems.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Biofilm,Water Infection

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Low Voltage Daily Energy Demand Temperature Dependent Representation by Using Circular Statistics

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Applied Mathematics 2019年第3期10卷 61-74页

作者： Pucheta Julián salas Carlos Piumetto Miguel Herrera Martín Rodriguez Rivero Cristian Departamento de Electrónica-FCEFyN-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Córdoba Argentina FTyCA-Universidad Nacional de Catamarca San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca Argentina Center for Neuroscience University of California at Davis-EEUU Davis Argentina

In this work, a tool that allows visualizing the probability of the power demand according to the temperature and the hours of the day is presented. This aim contributes to the decision making support for the transformer and its service administration. The objective is to represent the demand accurately as a color statistical map based on two variables: the time of day and the ambient temperature. Since the daily energy consumption is periodic regarding the hours of the day in terms of several days, its representation with Gaussian models becomes difficult, but it is simplified when working with circular statistics. The circular statistics used here is the Von Mises distribution, which has the parameters mean address and kappa concentration. Results obtained from measurements made over a year in a medium-voltage transformer with intervals of 60 minutes are shown.

关键词： Distribution Transformers Charge Estimation Time Series Dynamic Process Circular Statistics

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Estimation of Timber Production of Five Species of the Tamaulipas Thorny Shrubs Growing in Native Stands and Plantations

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Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第3期4卷 239-248页

作者： Ngangyo Heya Maginot Foroughbakhch Pournavab Rahim Carrillo-Parra Artemio salas Cruz Lidia-Rosaura Department of Botany Faculty of Biological Sciences University Autonomous of Nuevo León University Town San Nicolás de los Garza Mexico Laboratory of Wood Tecnology Faculty of Forestry Sciences University Autonomous of Nuevo León Linares Mexico

Shrub species have a great capacity to develop in extreme climatic conditions;this ability has a direct influence on their development and productivity in timber and firewood. In this paper, the timber’s production of experimental plantation aged 28 years of Acacia berlandieri (Benth.), Havardia pallens (Benth.) Britton & Rose, Helietta parvifolia (Gray) Benth., Ebenopsis ebano (Berl.) Barneby and Acacia wrightii (Benth.) species is quantified and compared with the production of the same species developed naturally in the native bush. The variables recorded were the number of shoots per tree, total height, basal diameter and diameter at breast height of each tree to determine the volume of wood with the Smalian equation. The results indicate that the volume of usable wood was higher in experimental plantation than that on native vegetation for H. parvifolia, A. berlandieri and H. pallens. The species that produced the highest volume of timber were H. parvifolia (0.396 m3·ha-1·year-1) in plantations and E. ebano (0.118 m3·ha-1·year-1) in native shrubs, species with lower production were H. pallens (0.059 m3·ha-1·year-1) and A. berlandieri (0.052 m3·ha-1·year-1) in the native area. The highest number of shoots was registered for A. berlandieri and H. parvifolia, with eight shoots per tree in experimental plantations of both species compared with native vegetation, which was five and three shoots per tree respectively. These results high-light the importance of developing plantations in degraded areas of scrub, which can increase timber volume production.

关键词： Timber Shoots Tamaulipas Thorny Scrub Plantation Native Vegetation

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低功耗:芯片与系统设计初探

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电子设计技术 EDN CHINA 2010年第9期17卷 50-50,52,54,55页

作者： Mike salas Silicon Labs公司

要理清各家微控制器供应商提出的低功耗数值是一个极具挑战性的工作，对于多数应用，用一个通过占空比来确定基本功耗的公式就可以方便地解决问题。

关键词：低功耗设计系统芯片微控制器挑战性供应商占空比

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Finite Element CAD Experiments on the Effect of Magnetic Loss in Power Transformers with Laminated Cores

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2021年第1期13卷 1-19页

作者： Antônio Flavio Licarião Nogueira Rodolfo Lauro Weinert Leonardo José Amador salas Maldonado Department of Electric Engineering Santa Catarina State University Joinville Santa Catarina Brazil

The paper describes a simulated experiment that focuses on the numeric computation of magnetic loss in the laminated core of a single-phase power transformer. The students’ laboratory work is part of the library of experiments of the Electrical Machines virtual laboratory and makes use of the two-dimensional open-access electromagnetic field analysis software Finite Element Method Magnetics. The idea of the simulated exercise is to demonstrate how the magnetic loss caused by time-varying excitations affects the magnetic permeability, μ, of the laminated core and the terminal quantities of the energizing winding. A parametric analysis employing different values for the electrical conductivity and maximum hysteresis-induced angle of the laminated material yields five different field problems with increasing magnetic loss. Electric circuits characterized by the (I-V) operating point and reflected impedance of the energizing winding provide the information required to compute the changes in real power ΔP, reactive power ΔQ and magnetically stored energy ΔWm between successive problems characterized by increasing magnetic loss. The concept of reflected impedance helps to explain the physical meaning of the changes in power dissipation and energy storage in the laminated core.

关键词： Eddy Currents Electromagnetic Engineering Education Finite Element Analysis Hysteresis Magnetic Loss Transformer Cores

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Temperature changes in the root ecosystem affect plant functionality

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Plant Communications 2023年第3期4卷 197-214页

作者： Mary Paz González-García Carlos M.Conesa alberto Lozano-Enguita Victoria Baca-González Bárbara Simancas Sara Navarro-Neila María Sánchez-Bermúdez Isai salas-González Elena Caro Gabriel Castrillo Juan C.del Pozo Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas(UPM-INIA/CSIC) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agrariay Alimentaria-CSIC(INIA/CSIC)Campus Montegancedo28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón(Madrid)Spain Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería AgronómicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)28040 MadridSpain Undergraduate Program in Genomic Sciences Center for Genomics SciencesUniversidad Nacional Autonóma de MéxicoAv.Universidad s/n.Col.ChamilpaCuernavaca 62210MorelosMéxico Future Food Beacon of Excellence&School of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton BoningtonUK

Climate change is increasing the frequency of extreme heat events that aggravate its negative impact on plant development and agricultural *** experiments designed to study plant adaption to heat stress apply homogeneous high temperatures to both shoot and ***,this treatment does not mimic the conditions in natural fields,where roots grow in a dark environment with a descending temperature *** high temperatures severely decrease cell division in the root meristem,compromising root growth,while increasing the division of quiescent center cells,likely in an attempt to maintain the stem cell niche under such harsh ***,we engineered the TGRooZ,a device that generates a temperature gradient for in vitro or greenhouse growth *** root systems of plants exposed to high shoot temperatures but cultivated in theTGRooZ grow efficiently and maintain their functionality to sustain proper shoot growth and ***,gene expression and rhizosphere or root microbiomecomposition are significantly less affected in TGRooZ-grown roots than in high-temperature-grown roots,correlating with higher root *** data indicate that use of the TGRooZ in heat-stress studies can improve our knowledge of plant response to high temperatures,demonstrating its applicability from laboratory studies to the field.

关键词： heat stress root temperature gradient nutrition gene expression microbiome

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Short and Long-Term Time Series Forecasting Stochastic Analysis for Slow Dynamic Processes

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Applied Mathematics 2019年第8期10卷 704-717页

作者： Julián Pucheta Carlos salas Martín Herrera Cristian Rodriguez Rivero Gustavo Alasino FCEFyN-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Córdoba Argentina FTyCA-Universidad Nacional de Catamarca Catamarca Argentina Cristian University of California Los Angeles USA Universidad Torcuato Di Tella Buenos Aires Argentina

This paper intends to develop suitable methods to provide likely scenarios in order to support decision making for slow dynamic processes such as the underlying of agribusiness. A new method to analyze the short- and long-term time series forecast and to model the behavior of the underlying process using nonlinear artificial neural networks (ANN) is presented. The algorithm can effectively forecast the time-series data by stochastic analysis (Monte Carlo) of its future behavior using fractional Gaussian noise (fGn). The algorithm was used to forecast country risk time series for several countries, both for short term that is 30 days ahead and long term 350 days ahead scenarios.

关键词： Stochastic Analysis Time Series Forecasting Decision Making Dynamic Process Process Modelling

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An Introductory Note on Finite Element Problems Based on the Eddy Current Testing Approach

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2021年第11期13卷 145-159页

作者： Antônio Flavio Licarião Nogueira Rodolfo Lauro Weinert Leonardo José Amador salas Maldonado Department of Electric Engineering Santa Catarina State University Joinville Brazil

The paper addresses the first eddy current benchmark problem proposed by the World Federation of Nondestructive Evaluation Centers (WFNDEC). The problem simulates the eddy current response to the presence of an axisymmetric circumferential defect in an Inconel-600 tube. All simulations employ the axisymmetric code of the electromagnetic field simulator Finite Element Method Magnetics. For three different frequencies of excitation, it is explained how the displacement of the detecting coil inside the tube leads to a variation in the impedance of the eddy current coil. Variations of the resistive and inductive components of the impedance with distance from the defect region are used to build the impedance trajectory for each frequency of analysis.

关键词： Eddy Current Testing Finite Element Analysis Nondestructive Inspection Methods

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