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Conformational dynamics as an intrinsic determinant of prion protein misfolding and neurotoxicity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2095-2096页

作者： Alessandro Cembran Pedro fernandez-Funez Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Minnesota DuluthDuluthMNUSA Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Minnesota Medical SchoolDuluth CampusDuluthMNUSA

The prion protein(PrP) is the key molecular and pathological mediator of prion diseases,a heterogeneous group of brain disorders with fatal *** diseases are rare but deserve special attention because of their unique f... 详细信息

关键词： folding intrinsic dynamics

Moment Maps and Equivariant Volumes

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第12期23卷 2155-2188页

作者： alberto DELLA VEDOVA Roberto PAOLETTI Dipartimento di Matematica Università degli Studi di Parma Viale Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca

The study of the volume of big line bundles on a complex projective manifold M has been one of the main veins in the recent interest in the asymptotic properties of linear series. In this article, we consider an equiv... 详细信息

关键词： big line bundle asymptotic invariant moment map GIT quotient

Nanomechanical hydrodynamic force sensing using suspended microfluidic channels

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第3期9卷 95-102页

作者： alberto Martín-Pérez Daniel Ramos Optomechanics Lab Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid(ICMMCSIC)3 Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz(Madrid)E-28049 MadridSpain

Microfluidics has demonstrated high versatility in the analysis of in-flow particles and can even achieve mechanical properties measurements of biological cells by applying hydrodynamic ***,there is currently no available technique that enables the direct measurement and tracking of these hydrodynamic forces acting on a flowing *** this work,we introduce a novel method for the direct measurement of the hydrodynamic force actuating on an in-flow particle based on the analysis of the induced resonance changes of suspended microchannel resonators(SMRs).This hydrodynamic force sensitivity depends on the device used;therefore,we considered the geometry and materials to advance this dependency on the SMR resonance frequency.

关键词： hydrodynamic applying flow

The reaction of cinnamaldehyde and cinnam(o)yl derivatives with thiols

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2017年第4期7卷 523-526页

作者： Alessandro Autelitano alberto Minassi alberto Pagani Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati Giovanni Appendino Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco Università del Piemonte Orientale Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli Federico Ⅱ

Spurred by the alleged relevance of the thia-Michael reaction in the bioactivity of various classes of cinnam(o)yl natural products and by the development of a quick NMR assay to study this reaction, we have carried out a systematic study of the "native" reactivity of these compounds with dodecanethiol and cysteamine as models, respectively, of simple thiols and reactive protein thiols that can benefit from iminium ion catalysis in Michael reactions. Cinnamoyl esters and amides, as well as cinnamyl ketones and oximes, did not show any reactivity with the two probe thiols, while cinnamaldehyde(1a) reacted with cysteamine to afford a mixture of a thiazoline derivative and compounds of multiple addition, and with aliphatic thiols to give a single bis-dithioacetal(6). Chalchones and their vinylogous C5-curcuminoid derivatives were the only cinnamoyl derivatives that gave a thiaMichael reaction. From a mechanistic standpoint, loss of conjugation in the adduct might underlie the lack of a native Michael reactivity. This property is restored by the presence of another conjugating group on the carbonyl, as in chalcones and C5-curcuminoids. A critical mechanistic revision of the chemical and biomedical literature on cinnamaldehyde and related compounds seems therefore required.

关键词： Cinnmaldeyde Michael addition Electrophiles Conjugation Cysteamine Chalcones

Distribution network reconfiguration using feasibility-preserving evolutionary optimization

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第3期7卷 589-598页

作者： alberto LANDEROS Slawomir KOZIEL Mohamed FABDEL-FATTAH School of Science and Engineering Reykjavik University101 ReykjavikIceland Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and InformaticsGdansk University of Technology80-233Gdan′skPoland

Distribution network reconfiguration(DNR) can significantly reduce power losses, improve the voltage profile, and increase the power quality. DNR studies require implementation of power flow analysis and complex optimization procedures capable of handling large combinatorial problems. The size of distribution network influences the type of the optimization method to be applied. Straightforward approaches can be computationally expensive or even prohibitive whereas heuristic or meta-heuristic approaches can yield acceptable results with less computation cost. In this paper, a customized evolutionary algorithm has been introduced and applied to power distribution network reconfiguration. The recombination operators of the algorithm are designed to preserve feasibility of solutions(radial structure of the network) thus considerably reducing the size of the search space. Consequently, improved repeatability of results as well as lower overall computational complexity of the optimization process have been achieved. The optimization process considers power losses and the system voltage profile, both aggregated into a scalar cost function. Power flow analysis is performed with the Open Distribution System Simulator,a simple and efficient simulation tool for electric distribution systems. Our approach is demonstrated using several networks of various sizes. Comprehensive benchmarking indicates superiority of the proposed technique over state-of-the-art methods from the literature.

关键词： Distribution network reconfiguration(DNR) Feasibility-preserving evolutionary optimization Power loss reduction Radial networks Voltage profile

Synthesis of palladium-rhodium bimetallic nanoparticles for formic acid dehydrogenation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第1期30卷 301-309,I0010页

作者： Ilaria Barlocco Sofia Capelli Elisa Zanella Xiaowei Chen Juan JDelgado alberto Roldan Nikolaos Dimitratos alberto Villa Dipartimento di Chimica Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoMilan I-20133Italy Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química InorgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de CádizCampus Río San PedroPuerto Real(Cádiz)E-11510Spain School of Chemistry Cardiff UniversityMain BuildingPark PlaceCF103AT CardiffUnited Kingdom Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale e dei Materiali Alma Mater Studiorum Universitàdi BolognaViale Risorgimento 4I-40136 BolognaItaly

Herein,we report for the first time the synthesis of preformed bimetallic Pd-Rh nanoparticles with different Pd:Rh ratios(nominal molar ratio:80-20,60-40,40-60,20-80) and the corresponding Pd and Rh monometallic ones by sol immobilization using polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) as protecting agent and NaBH4 as reducing agent,using carbon nanofibers with high graphitization degree(HHT) as the desired *** synthesized catalysts were characterized by means of Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy(ICP-OES).TEM shows that the average particle size of the Pd-Rh nanoparticles is the range of 3-4 nm,with the presence of few large agglomerated *** bimetallic catalysts,EDX-STEM analysis of individual nanoparticles demonstrated the presence of random-alloyed nanoparticles even in all cases Rh content is lower than the nominal one(calculated Pd:Rh molar ratio:90-10,69-31,49-51,40-60).The catalytic performance of the Pd-Rh catalysts was evaluated in the liquid phase dehydrogenation of formic acid to *** was found that Pd-Rh molar ratio strongly influences the catalytic ***-rich catalysts were more active than Rh-rich ones,with the highest activity observed for Pd90:Rh10(1792 h^(-1)),whereas Pd69:Rh31(921 h^(-1)) resulted the most stable during recycling ***,Pd90:Rh10 was chosen as a representative sample for the liquid-phase hydrogenation of muconic acid using formic acid as hydrogen donor,showing good yield to adipic acid.

关键词： Palladium Rhodium Alloy Formic acid Hydrogen Muconic acid

Therapeutic approaches for portal biliopathy: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第45期22卷 9909-9920页

作者： Irene Franceschet alberto Zanetto alberto Ferrarese Patrizia Burra Marco Senzolo Gastroenterology Unit Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology University Hospital of Padua Multivisceral Transplant Unit Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology University Hospital of Padua

Portal biliopathy(PB) is defined as the presence of biliary abnormalities in patients with non-cirrhotic/nonneoplastic extrahepatic portal vein obstruction(EHPVO) and portal cavernoma(PC). The pathogenesis of PB is due to ab extrinseco compression of bile ducts by PC and/or to ischemic damage secondary to an altered biliary vascularization in EHPVO and PC. Although asymptomatic biliary abnormalities can be frequently seen by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in patients with PC(77%-100%), only a part of these(5%-38%) are symptomatic. Clinical presentation includes jaundice, cholangitis, cholecystitis, abdominal pain, and cholelithiasis. In this subset of patients is required a specific treatment. Different therapeutic approaches aimed to diminish portal hypertension and treat biliary strictures are available. In order to decompress PC, surgical porto-systemic shunt or transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt can be performed, and treatment on the biliary stenosis includes endoscopic(Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with endoscopic sphincterotomy, balloon dilation, stone extraction, stent placement) and surgical(bilioenteric anastomosis, cholecystectomy) approaches. Definitive treatment of PB often requires multiple and combined interventions both on vascular and biliary system. Liver transplantation can be considered in patients with secondary biliary cirrhosis, recurrent cholangitis or unsuccessful control of portal hypertension.

关键词： Portal biliopathy Portal cavernoma Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Porto-systemic shunt

Helicobacter pylori infection in older people

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第21期20卷 6364-6373页

作者： alberto Pilotto Marilisa Franceschi Geriatrics Unit Azienda ULSS 16 PadovaSt. Antonio Hospital71-35127 PadovaItaly Endoscopic Unit Department of SurgeryULSS 4 AltoVicentino36014 - SantorsoItaly

Since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori(***)infection as the major cause of gastroduodenal disorders three decades ago,*** has been the focus of active research and debate in the scientific *** linkage to several diseases,such as peptic ulcer disease,gastritis and gastric malignancy is *** particular,it has been noticed that,as the aged population is increasing worldwide,older people are at increased risk of developing several gastroduodenal diseases and related *** the same time,gastric cancer is definitely more frequent in elderly than in adult and young *** addition,it has been showed that peptic ulcer and related complications occur much more commonly in aged individuals than in young people,resulting in a significantly higher *** this infection plays a crucial role in gastrointestinal disorders affecting all age groups and in particular older people,only a few studies have been published regarding the *** article presents an overview of the epidemiology,diagnosis,clinical manifestations and therapy of *** infection in elderly people.

关键词： Elderly Helicobacter pylori Diagnosis Clinical features Treatment

Post-liver transplant hepatitis C virus recurrence: An unresolved thorny problem

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11095-11115页

作者： alberto Grassi Giorgio Ballardini Internal Medicine and Hepatology Division Department of Internal Medicine "Infermi" Hospital Internal Medicine and Hepatology Division Department of Internal Medicine "Infermi" Hospita

Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis represents the leading cause of liver transplantation in developed, Western and Eastern countries. Unfortunately, liver transplantation does not cure recipient HCV infection: reinfection universally occurs and disease progression is faster after liver transplant. In this review we focus on what happens throughout the peri-transplant phase and in the first 6-12 mo after transplantation: during this crucial period a completely new balance between HCV, liver graft, the recipient’s immune response and anti-rejection therapy is achieved that will deeply affect subsequent outcomes. Nearly all patients show an early graft reinfection, with HCV viremia reaching and exceeding pre-transplant levels; in this setting, histological assessment is essential to differentiate recurrent hepatitis C from acute or chronic rejection; however, differentiating the two patterns remains difficult. The host immune response (mainly cellular mediated) appears to be crucial both in the control of HCV infection and in the genesis of rejection, and it is also strongly influenced by immunosuppressive treatment. At present no clear immunosuppressive strategy could be strongly recommended in HCV-positive recipients to prevent HCV recurrence, even immunotherapy appears to be ineffective. Nonetheless it seems reasonable that episodes of rejection and over-immunosuppression are more likely to enhance the risk of HCV recurrence through immunological mechanisms. Both complete prevention of rejection and optimization of immunosuppression should represent the main goals towards reducing the rate of graft HCV reinfection. In conclusion, post-transplant HCV recurrence remains an unresolved, thorny problem because many factors remain obscure and need to be better determined.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Liver transplantation Hepatitis C antigens Graft rejection Immunosuppression