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Prenatal programing of motivated behaviors:can innate immunity prime behavior?

Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 280-283页

作者： Larisa Montalvo-Martínez Gabriela Cruz-Carrillo Roger Maldonado-Ruiz Luis ATrujillo-Villarreal Eduardo AGarza-Villarreal Alberto Camacho-Morales Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Department of BiochemistryCollege of MedicineMonterreyMéxico Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Neurometabolism UnitCenter for Research and Development in Health SciencesMonterreyMéxico Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla Instituto de NeurobiologíaQueretaroMéxico

Prenatal programming during pregnancy sets physiological outcomes in the offspring by integrating external or internal stimuli.Accordingly,pregnancy is an important stage of physiological adaptations to the environment where the fetus becomes exposed and adapted to the maternal milieu.Maternal exposure to high-energy dense diets can affect motivated behavior in the offs p ring leading to addiction and impaired sociability.A high-energy dense exposure also increases the pro-inflammatory cytokines profile in plasma and brain and favors microglia activation in the offspring.While still under investigation,prenatal exposure to high-energy dense diets promotes structural abnormalities in selective brain regions regulating motivation and social behavior in the offspring.The current review addresses the role of energy-dense foods programming central and peripheral inflammatory profiles during embryonic development and its effect on motivated behavior in the offspring.We provide preclinical and clinical evidence that supports the contribution of prenatal programming in shaping immune profiles that favor structural and brain circuit disruption leading to aberrant motivated behaviors after birth.We hope this minireview encourages future research on novel insights into the mechanisms underlying maternal programming of motivated behavior by central immune networks.

关键词： addiction autism behavior cytokines diet maternal immune activation prenatal programming sociability trained immunity western-diets

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C/Mn7C3和C/Mn3O4纳米复合材料的制备及电化学性能

C/Mn7C3和C/Mn3O4纳米复合材料的制备及电化学性能

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作者： Ramon alberto Paredes camacho 大连理工大学

学位级别：硕士

化石资源的过度使用,供水短缺及全球变暖导致的能源和环境问题,使得环境友好型科技不断提升。能量储存是解决清洁能源发展的关键,而超级电容器在未来能源存储中具有巨大的发展潜能。超级电容器根据其储能形式主要分为双电层电容器(EDCL... 详细信息

化石资源的过度使用,供水短缺及全球变暖导致的能源和环境问题,使得环境友好型科技不断提升。能量储存是解决清洁能源发展的关键,而超级电容器在未来能源存储中具有巨大的发展潜能。超级电容器根据其储能形式主要分为双电层电容器(EDCL)和法拉第准电容器(也叫赝电容器)本论文主要研究了Mn7C3-C和Mn3O4-C纳米复合粒子的制备和作为高性能超级电容器的电极材料的电化学性能。我们采用一种简单、低成本、环境友好和面向工业制备的直流电弧法与不同温度下空气中退火技术相结合。我们详细研究了在不同活性气体与惰性气体流量比下,碳对Mn7C3-C纳米复合粒子微结构的影响,结果发现：仅在0.02 MPa (CH4)作为活性气体的条件下可以合成碳纳米笼结构。Mn7C3-C纳米笼的电化学测试结果显示：比电容高达189 Fg-1,能量密度达13 Wh/Kg并具有良好的循环稳定性,1000次CV循环后,比电容保持为初始时的88%。对于Mn7C3-C纳米复合材料,氧化温度对其微结构和电化学性能有极大地影响。研究结果发现：Mn3O4-C-200℃纳米笼具有最高的比电容为422 Fg-1,能量密度达36 Wh/Kg,明显提高很多。同时具有良好的循环稳定性,1000次CV循环后比电容保持率为81%。电化学性能的提升归因于良好的核壳结构-纳米笼结构以及赝电容和双电层电容的协同储能模式。

关键词： Mn3O4 Mn7C3 核壳超级电容器双模式

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Sex and habitat differences in size and coloration of an amphibian’s poison glands match differential predator pressures

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第5期17卷 764-776页

作者： Francisco Javier ZAMORA-camacho Department of Phisical Chemical and Natural SystemsPablo de Olavide UniversitySevilleSpain Department of Biodiversity Ecology and EvolutionComplutense University of MadridMadridSpain

Chemical defenses are frequently accompanied by salient color patterns actively avoided by predators,a phe-nomenon referred to as aposematism.However,the production of both chemical defenses and pigments is costly,and is thus expected to be reduced under mild predator pressure.In this work,I compared the size and coloration of parotoid glands(2 dorsal,external swollen structures that secrete toxins in toads)of male and female Epidalea calamita toads from agrosystems and from pine groves.I also quantiﬁed the predator attacks received by plas-ticine toad models,whose“parotoid glands”differed in size and color conspicuousness,exposed in each habitat.Predators avoided models with large and conspicuous parotoid glands,but models in agrosystems were more of-ten attacked.Concerning actual toads,agrosystem and male individuals had larger parotoid glands,presumably implying greater production of chemical defenses than in pine grove and female conspeciﬁcs.Theseﬁndings are aligned with previous research suggesting that both agrosystem toads and males in this system are subjected to a more intense predator pressure.Difference between parotoid gland and dorsum coloration was greater in agrosys-tem toads.A marked internal pattern could function as an aposematic signal,which could counteract increased predator pressure.

关键词： anuran agrosystem aposematism Epidalea calamita plasticine model

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Mn_7C_3@C核壳型纳米粒子制备及其超级电容器电极特性

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大连理工大学学报 2016年第6期56卷 567-574页

作者： Ramon alberto Paredes camacho 冯晨辰吴爱民黄昊大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院三束材料改性教育部重点实验室辽宁大连116024

以甲烷作为碳源气体，块体锰作为原料，采用一种简单的直流电弧等离子体法成功制备了Mn7Cs@C核壳型纳米粒子，用于高性能超级电容器的电极材料．所制备的Mn，C3@C核壳型纳米粒子平均直径为30-35nm．拉曼光谱结果显示石墨碳壳具有良好的... 详细信息

以甲烷作为碳源气体，块体锰作为原料，采用一种简单的直流电弧等离子体法成功制备了Mn7Cs@C核壳型纳米粒子，用于高性能超级电容器的电极材料．所制备的Mn，C3@C核壳型纳米粒子平均直径为30-35nm．拉曼光谱结果显示石墨碳壳具有良好的导电性．通过循环伏安、恒电流充放电及电化学交流阻抗谱对Mn7C3@C核壳型纳米粒子电极材料进行电化学性能分析，结果表明其具有高比电容、快速充放电等优异的电化学性能．在扫描速率为1mV／s时，比电容最高可达185．8F／g．同时具有良好的循环稳定性，在100mV／s扫描速率下l000次循环伏安测试后，比电容仍保持为最初的88％，与单纯Mn7C3（79％）相比，有明显提高．Mn7C3@C核壳型纳米粒子电极材料优异的电化学性能归因于其良好的核壳结构，富缺陷碳层具有良好的导电性，有助于离子的传输和结构的稳定，而内核Mn，C。主要产生赝电容，在C和Mn7C3的协同作用下产生双电层和赝电容双模式储能机制．

关键词：直流电弧等离子体 Mn7C3@C 高比电容循环稳定性

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Experimental model for the description of the behaviour of a 9-mm projectile at a target

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第1期6卷 67-74页

作者： Patricia morales-Vega Daniel Esteban Jaramillo-Arango Jaime alberto Osorio-Velez David Norena-Blandon Instituto de Fısica Universidad de AntioquiaMedellınColombia

Analysis of crime scenes involving single-fire-gun projectiles requires the determination of the direction of arrival of a projectile at the target and other factors to reconstruct events.The movement of a projectile can be analyzed by applying Euler’s equations to a solid symmetrical rigid body.The present work starts from a Newtonian reformulation of these equations to show that,in the presence of a gravitational field,the system can be expressed with a complex variable nonlinear equation,where the inclusion of small nutation variables allows us to find possible solutions.As a particular case,we analyzed the movement of a 9-mm projectile fired from distances greater than 1 m to demonstrate that the direction of arrival of the projectile at the target cannot be traced by a stick placed in the target hole,as is usually performed in crime investigations.A series of shots were fired from distances varying between 1 m and 7 m.Impact data were recorded on Riemann planes of projection for the description of nutation and precession motions,allowing the observation of the motion dynamics of the projectile.We show that the direction of arrival at the target can be determined approximately from the analysis of the nutation and precession curves through Riemann planes of projection.The results presented in this work will allow more accurate judgements to be made in judicial investigations.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic ballistics firearm gyroscopic motion Euler equations nutation precession projectile motion

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Engineering magnetic nanostructures with inverse hysteresis loops

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Nano Research 2016年第8期9卷 2347-2353页

作者： Beatriz Mora Nastassia Soriano Carolina Redondo alberto Arteche David Navas Rafael morales Dpto. de Quimica-Fisica Universidad del Pais Vasco UPWEHU 48940 Leioa Spain IFIMUP-IN and Dept. Fisica e Astronomia Universidade do Porto 4169007 Porto Portugal Dpto. de Qulmica-Ffsica & BCMaterials Universidad del Pals Vasco UPV/EHU 48940 Leioa Spain IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science 48011 Bilbao Spain

Top-down lithography techniques allow the fabrication of nanostructured elements with novel spin configurations, which provide a new route to engineer and manipulate the magnetic response of sensors and electronic devices and understand the role of fundamental interactions in materials science. In this study, shallow nanostructure-patterned thin films were designed to present inverse magnetization curves, i.e., an anomalous magnetic mechanism characterized by a negative coercivity and negative remanence. This procedure involved a method for manipulating the spin configuration that yielded a negative coercivity after the patterning of a single material layer. Patterned NiFe thin films with trench depths between 15%-25% of the total film thickness exhibited inverse hysteresis loops for a wide angular range of the applied field and the trench axis. A model based on two exchange-coupled subsystems accounts for the experimental results and thus predicts the conditions for the appearance of this magnetic behavior. The findings of the study not only advance our understanding of patterning effects and confined magnetic systems but also enable the local design and control of the magnetic response of thin materials with potential use in sensor engineering.

关键词： magnetic nanostructures,magnetic patterning effects,inverted loops,negative coercivity,negative remanence

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Plumbing System of Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha'apai Volcano

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第3期34卷 706-716页

作者： Román Alvarez Miguel camacho Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas(IIMAS) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCoyoacán CDMX 04510Mexico Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCoyoacán CDMX 04510Mexico

The Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha’apai submarine volcano has experienced repeated eruptions in the latest decades.The recent one,in January 2022,released an enormous amount of energy inducing global perturbations,as tsunamis and atmospheric waves.The structure of the volcano is poorly understood,especially its internal structure.Deep-seated magmatic connections are difficult to define or visualize.We use a high-resolution gravity data set obtained via satellite to calculate the Bouguer anomaly over its structure,to perform a preliminary exploration of its interior.Executing 3D gravity inversions,we find a complex plumbing system with various exhaust trajectories and multiple surface pockets of low-density material within the volcanic edifice;some appear to be associated with ring fractures.This is in line with the report of the 2009 eruption,described as beginning from multiple vents.We found no signs of a magma chamber within 6 km depth,although several volcanic conduits are identified from such depth to the surface.Density variations occur within a plumbing conduit or may vary from one conduit to another in the same volcano.These models yield quantitative estimates for areas of magma-water interaction,constituting a baseline to compare with structural changes to be induced in future eruptions.

关键词： Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha'apai satellite gravity data 3D inversions volcano Tofua Island

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MgO-based adsorbents for CO2 adsorption:Influence of structural and textural properties on the CO_2 adsorption performance

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 418-428页

作者： Gutiérrez-Bonilla Elvira Granados-Correa Francisco Sánchez-Mendieta Víctor morales-Luckie Raúl alberto National Institute of Nuclear Research Department of ChemistryA.P.18-1027Col.EscandonMigud Hidalgo DelegationZip Code 1180 Mexico D.F.Mexico Autonomous University of Mexieo State Faculty of ChemistryColon avenueintersection with ride Tollocan s/n TolucaMexicoMexico

A series of MgO-based adsorbents were prepared through solution–combustion synthesis and ball-milling process.The prepared MgO-based powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,N_2 physisorption measurements,and employed as potential adsorbents for CO_2 adsorption.The influence of structural and textural properties of these adsorbents over the CO_2 adsorption behaviour was also investigated.The results showed that MgO-based products prepared by solution–combustion and ball-milling processes,were highly porous,fluffy,nanocrystalline structures in nature,which are unique physico-chemical properties that significantly contribute to enhance their CO_2 adsorption.It was found that the MgO synthesized by solution combustion process,using a molar ratio of urea to magnesium nitrate（2：1）,and treated by ball-milling during 2.5 hr（MgO-BM2.5h）,exhibited the maximum CO_2 adsorption capacity of 1.611 mmol/g at 25℃ and 1 atm,mainly via chemisorption.The CO_2 adsorption behaviour on the MgO-based adsorbents was correlated to their improved specific surface area,total pore volume,pore size distribution and crystallinity.The reusability of synthesized MgO-BM2.5h was confirmed by five consecutive CO_2adsorption–desorption times,without any significant loss of performance,that supports the potential of MgO-based adsorbent.The results confirmed that the special features of MgO prepared by solution–combustion and treated by ball-milling during 2.5 hr are favorable to be used as effective MgO-based adsorbent in post-combustion CO_2 capture technologies.

关键词： CO_2 adsorption MgO-based adsorbents Porous materials Solution–combustion synthesis Ball-milling process Textural properties

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Integrating time progression in ecoimmunology studies: beyond immune response intensity

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Current Zoology 2019年第2期65卷 205-212页

作者： Francisco Javier ZAMORA-camacho Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth College Hanover New Hampshire USA Department of Biogeography and Global Change Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Madrid Spain

Habitat alterations in agroecosystems may damage amphibian immune capacity. As agroecosystem extension is increasing worldwide, broader-context knowledge on the effects of agroecosystem stressful conditions on amphibian immune capacity is crucial for understanding and management of amphibian global declines. However, most studies on ecoimmunology assume synchronal amonggroup immune-response peaks, and focus on immune response after standardized time lapses, neglecting its progress!on. Herein, I compared inflamatory response short-term progression of agro ecosystem and n atural-habitat female and male n atterjack toads Epi da lea calamita, by measuri ng swelling response, once per hour, 6 h following an artificial immune challenge with innocuous antigen phytohemagglutinin. I also compared maximum magnitude of swelling response, irrespective of the moment when it was reached. Habitat differences arose only 3 h after challenge, when naturalhabitat toads showed greater swelling response. Maximum magnitude of swelling response was similar in toads from both habitats. However, agroecosystem toads showed a delayed swelling response as compared with natural-habitat conspecifics, probably as a consequenee of agroecosystem stressful conditions. Such a delay suggests a weaker immune capacity, and consequently impaired anti-pathogen performance. Regarding sex, swelling response magnitude did not differ between males and females. Female swelling response peaked earlier, but that of males was more sustai ned in time, which con tradicts general across-taxa fin dings that males show impaired immune response. Interestingly, results suggest that measuring swelling response only after some standardized period following stimulation may be a simplistic approach and produce unrealistic results. Consequently, studies on ecoimmunology should implement swelling response progression in order to produce unbiased science.

关键词： agroecosystem amphibian immunocompetence natural habitat immune response progressi on

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Efficient metallization of magnetite concentrate by reduction with agave bagasse as a source of reducing agents

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第4期28卷 603-611页

作者： Diana Cholico-González NoemíOrtiz Lara Mario alberto Sánchez Miranda Ricardo morales Estrella Ramiro Escudero García Carlos ALeón Patiño CONACYT-Metallurgy and Materials Research Institute Michoacana University of San Nicolás de HidalgoMorelia CP 58030Mexico Metallurgy and Materials Research Institute Michoacana University of San Nicolás de HidalgoMorelia CP 58030Mexico

The reduction behavior and metallization degree of magnetite concentrate with agave bagasse were investigated in an inert atmosphere.The effects of temperature,biomass content,and residence time on reduction experiments and metallization degree were investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.Compared with other types of biomass,agave bagasse had lower contents of nitrogen,sulfur,and ash.X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the metallization degree improved with increasing temperature and biomass content.Complete metallization was achieved at 1100℃ for 30 min with 65:35 and 50:50 ratios of the magnetite concentrate to the agave bagasse.These results demonstrate that agave bagasse promotes the efficient metallization of magnetite concentrate without the external addition of a reducing agent.Therefore,this biomass is a technical suitable alternative to replace fossil fuels in steelmaking.

关键词： magnetite concentrate agave bagasse biomass reduction metallization degree

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