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Biochar from grape pomace,a waste of vitivinicultural origin,is effective for root-knot nematode control

Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 519-541页

作者： Ángela Martínez-Gómez Maria Fe Andrés Ángel Barón-Sola Fernando E.Díaz-Manzano Ibraheem Yousef Ismael F.Mena Elena Díaz Óscar Gómez-Torres Azucena gonzález-Coloma Luis E.Hernández Carolina Escobar Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaToledoSpain Departamento de Protección Vegetal Instituto Ciencias Agrarias CSICMadridSpain Departamento de Biología Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain CELLS alba Carrer del Llum 2-2608290Cerdanyola del VallèsBarcelonaSpain Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Faculty of Chemical Sciences&Technologies Chemical Engineering DepartmentAv.Camilo JoséCela1213071University of Castilla-La ManchaCiudad RealSpain

Root-knot nematodes(RKns)are obligate endoparasites that feed on their host plants to complete its life cycle,representing a major threat to agriculture and economy *** development of new management strategies becomes essential as effective chemical nematicides are progressively being ***,we analysed grape pomace-derived biochars,pyrolysed at 350°C(BC350)and 700°C(BC700),focusing on their potential for RKn *** thermal treatment of grape pomace caused an increase in the concentration of carbon and plant macro-and micronutrients,which were largely present in a water-soluble *** radiation-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy data showed a general loss of carboxylic functional groups during pyrolysis,partially contributing to the alkalinisation of both biochars,mostly in *** electron microscopy coupled with energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis revealed a highly porous structure filled with different crystals composed of elements such as K,Ca,Mg,P,Si or Al,which could be a suitable environment for the growth of ***-derived aqueous extracts showed phytotoxicity to tomato seedlings at high concentrations,and disappeared upon dilution,but no toxic effect was observed on the nematode’s infective ***,the infective and reproductive traits of a Meloidogyne javanica population in tomato were significantly reduced(*** masses and eggs per plant)in washed-biochar-treated soil in pots(0.75%;BC350W).Therefore,the large amount of grape waste generated after wine production can be transformed into a valuable product such as biochar,effective for RKns control,thus reducing the waste management problem and contributing to a circular economy.

关键词： Biochar Grape pomace Tomato Root-knot nematode control Meloidogyne spp.

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The therapeutic potential of targeting exchange protein directly activated by cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate(Epac)for central nervous system trauma

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neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 460-469页

作者： alba Guijarro-Belmar Dominik Mateusz Domanski Xuenong Bo Derryck Shewan Wenlong Huang Institute of Medical Sciences School of MedicineMedical Sciences&NutritionUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK Center for neuroscience Surgery and TraumaQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK Sainsbury Wellcome Centre University College LondonLondonUK

Millions of people worldwide are affected by traumatic spinal cord injury,which usually results in permanent sensorimotor *** to the spinal cord leads to a series of detrimental events including ischaemia,haemorrhage and neuroinflammation,which over time result in further neural tissue ***,at chronic stages of traumatic spinal cord injury,the formation of a glial scar,cystic cavitation and the presence of numerous inhibitory molecules act as physical and chemical barriers to axonal *** is further hindered by a lack of intrinsic regrowth ability of adult neurons in the central nervous *** intracellular signalling molecule,cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate(cAMP),is known to play many important roles in the central nervous system,and elevating its levels as shown to improve axonal regeneration outcomes following traumatic spinal cord injury in animal ***,therapies directly targeting cAMP have not found their way into the clinic,as cAMP is ubiquitously present in all cell types and its manipulation may have additional deleterious effects.A downstream effector of cAMP,exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 2(Epac2),is mainly expressed in the adult central nervous system,and its activation has been shown to mediate the positive effects of cAMP on axonal guidance and ***,using ex vivo modelling of traumatic spinal cord injury,Epac2 activation was found to profoundly modulate the post-lesion environment,such as decreasing the activation of astrocytes and *** data with Epac2 activation also suggested functional improvement assessed by in vivo models of traumatic spinal cord ***,targeting Epac2 in traumatic spinal cord injury could represent a novel strategy in traumatic spinal cord injury repair,and future work is needed to fully establish its therapeutic potential.

关键词： astrocytes axonal regeneration cAMP central nervous system regeneration Epac glial scar microglia neuroinflammation neurons spinal cord spinal cord injury traumatic spinal cord injury

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Large Brunner's gland adenoma:Case report and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第12期12卷 1966-1968页

作者： alba Rocco PasqualeBorriello Debora Compare Patrizia DeColibus LoredanaPica Gerardonardone Alessandro Iacono Department University"Federico Ⅱ" NaplesItaly

Brunner＇s gland adenoma （BGA） is a very rare benign tumour of the duodenum, which is usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally at endoscopy. Occasionally, this lesion may be large, causing upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage or intestinal obstruction. The case had a large Brunner＇s gland adenoma, presenting melena that was managed by endoscopic excision.

关键词： Brunner's gland adenoma Endoscopic resection Giant brunneroma

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Assessment of aerobic biodegradation of lower-chlorinated benzenes in contaminated groundwater using field-derived microcosms and compound-specific carbon isotope fractionation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期34卷 204-213页

作者： alba Trueba-Santiso Jordi Palau Jesica M.Soder-Walz Teresa Vicent Ernest Marco-Urrea Department of Chemical Biological and Environmental EngineeringUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona(UAB)08193 BellaterraSpain MAiMA group SGR Applied MineralogyGeochemistry and GeomicrobiologyDepartment of MineralogyPetrology and Applied GeologyFaculty of Earth SciencesUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)MartiFranques s/n08028 BarcelonaSpain

Biodegradation of lower chlorinated benzenes(tri-, di-and monochlorobenzene) was assessed at a coastal aquifer contaminated with multiple chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons. Field-derived microcosms, established with groundwater from the source zone and amended with a mixture of lower chlorinated benzenes, evidenced biodegradation of monochlorobenzene(MCB) and 1,4-dichlorobenzene(1,4-DCB) in aerobic microcosms,whereas the addition of lactate in anaerobic microcosms did not enhance anaerobic reductive dechlorination. Aerobic microcosms established with groundwater from the plume consumed several doses of MCB and concomitantly degraded the three isomers of dichlorobenzene with no observable inhibitory effect. In the light of these results, we assessed the applicability of compound stable isotope analysis to monitor a potential aerobic remediation treatment of MCB and 1,4-DCB in this site. The carbon isotopic fractionation factors(ε) obtained from field-derived microcosms were-0.7‰ ± 0.1 ‰ and-1.0‰ ± 0.2 ‰ for MCB and1,4-DCB, respectively. For 1,4-DCB, the carbon isotope fractionation during aerobic biodegradation was reported for the first time. The weak carbon isotope fractionation values for the aerobic pathway would only allow tracing of in situ degradation in aquifer parts with high extent of biodegradation. However, based on the carbon isotope effects measured in this and previous studies, relatively high carbon isotope shifts(i.e., Δδ13C > 4.0 ‰) of MCB or 1,4-DCB in contaminated groundwater would suggest that their biodegradation is controlled by anaerobic reductive dechlorination.

关键词： Groundwater Isotope fractionation Chlorobenzenes Aerobic biodegradation Anaerobic reductive dehalogenation natural attenuation

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Effect of snow on mountain river regimes： an example from the Pyrenees

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2017年第3期11卷 515-530页

作者： alba SAnMIGUEL-VALLELADO Enrique MORAn-TEJEDA Esteban ALOnSO-gonzAlez Juan Ignacio LOPEZ-MOREnO Pyrenean Institute of Ecology CSIC (Spanish Research Council) Zaragoza Spain Department of Geography University of the Balearic Islands Palma de Mallorca Spain

The purpose of this study was to characterize mountain river regimes in the Spanish Pyrenees and to assess the importance of snow accumulation and snowmelt on the timing of river flows. Daily streamflow data from 9 gauging stations in the Pyrenees were used to characterize river regimes. These data were analyzed by hydrological indices, with a focus on periods when snow accumulation and snowmelt occurred. These results were combined with data on Snow Water Equivalent （SWE）（from measure- ments of depth and density of snow in the main river basins and also simulated by a process-based hydrological model）, snowmelting （simulated by a process-based hydrological model）, precipitation （from observations）, and temperature （from observations）. Longitude. and elevation gradients in the Pyrenees explain the transition of river regimes from those that mostly had low nival signals （in the west and at low elevations） to those that mostly had high nival signals （low winter runoff and late spring peakflow, in the east and at high elevations）. Although trend analyses indicated no statistically signifi- cant changes, there was a trend of decreased nival signal over time in most of the analyzed rivers. Our results also demonstrated that snow processes cannot explain all of the interannual variability of river regimes, because the temporal distribution of liquid precipitation and tempera- ture play key roles in hydrography.

关键词： river regime precipitation snow indices,Spanish Pyrenees streamflow

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Alcoholic disease: Liver and beyond

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14652-14659页

作者： alba Rocco Debora Compare Debora Angrisani Marco Sanduzzi Zamparelli Gerardo nardone Gastroenterology Unit Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University Federico Ⅱ of Naples 80131 Naples Italy

The harmful use of alcohol is a worldwide problem. It has been estimated that alcohol abuse represents the world’s third largest risk factor for disease and disability; it is a causal factor of 60 types of diseases and injuries and a concurrent cause of at least 200 others. Liver is the main organ responsible for metabolizing ethanol, thus it has been considered for long time the major victim of the harmful use of alcohol. Ethanol and its bioactive products, acetaldehyde-acetate, fatty acid ethanol esters, ethanol-protein adducts, have been regarded as hepatotoxins that directly and indirectly exert their toxic effect on the liver. A similar mechanism has been postulated for the alcohol-related pancreatic damage. Alcohol and its metabolites directly injure acinar cells and elicit stellate cells to produce and deposit extracellular matrix thus triggering the “necrosis-fibrosis” sequence that finally leads to atrophy and fibrosis, morphological hallmarks of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis. Even if less attention has been paid to the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, ethanol produces harmful effects by inducing: (1) direct damaging of the mucosa of the esophagus and stomach; (2) modification of the sphincterial pressure and impairment of motility; and (3) alteration of gastric acid output. In the intestine, ethanol can damage the intestinal mucosa directly or indirectly by altering the resident microflora and impairing the mucosal immune system. notably, disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier of the small and large intestine contribute to liver damage. This review summarizes the most clinically relevant alcohol-related diseases of the digestive tract focusing on the pathogenic mechanisms by which ethanol damages liver, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Alcoholic pancreatitis Alcohol and gastrointestinal tract

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Impact of comorbidity in elderly prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2013年第3期25卷 274-280页

作者： Costanza Chiumento alba Fiorentino Mariella Cozzolino Rocchina Caivano Stefania Clemente Piernicola Pedicini Vincenzo Fusco Department of Radiation Oncology IRCCS-CROBRionero in Vulture 85028 Italy

Objective： To analyze the correlations among comorbidity and overall survival （OS）, biochemical progression-free survival （b-PFS） and toxicity in elderly patients with localized prostate cancer treated with 125I brachytherapy. Methods： Elderly men, aged ≥65 years, with low-intermediate risk prostate cancer, were treated with permanent 125I brachytherapy as monotherapy. Comorbidity data were obtained from medical reports using age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index （a-CCI）. The patients were categorized into two age groups （〈75 and 〉75 years old）, and two comorbidity score groups （a-CCI ≤3 and 〉3）. Toxicity was scored with Radiation Therapy Oncology Group （RTOG） scale. Results： From June 2003 to October 2009, a total of 92 elderly patients underwent prostate brachytherapy, including 57 men （62%） with low-risk prostate cancer, and 35 men （38%） with intermediate-risk prostate cancer. The median age of patients was 75 years （range, 65-87 years）. Forty-seven patients （51%） bad a-CCI _〈3 and 45 patients （49%） a-CCI 〉3. With a median follow-up period of 56 months （range, 24-103 months）, the 5-year actuarial OS and b-PFS were 91.3% and 92.4% respectively, without statistical significance between two Charlson score groups. Toxicity was mild. none of the patients experienced gastrointestinal （GI） toxicity, and only 4 patiens （4%） experienced late genitourinary （GU） grade-3 （G3） toxicity. no correlation between acute GU and GI toxicity and eomorbidity was showed （P=0.50 and P=0.70, respectively）. Conclusions： Our data suggest that elderly men with low-intermediate risk prostate cancer and comorbidity can be considered for a radical treatment as 12Sl low-dose rate brachytherapy.

关键词： Prostate cancer braehytherapy elderly comorbidity toxicity overall survival biochemical control

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Effect of intensity and duration of anthropic noises on European mink locomotor activity and fecal cortisol metabolite levels

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Current Zoology 2022年第6期68卷 688-699页

作者： Lorena ORTIZ-JIMEnEZ Carlos IGLESIAS-MERCHAn alba Itzel MARTınEZ-SALAZAR Isabel BARJA Department of Biology Zoology UnitUniversidad Autonoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain Department of Forest and Environmental Engineering and Management Universidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain Geographic Information Systems Laboratory Institute of BiologyUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico CityMexico Biodiversity and Global Change Research Centre(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadridSpain

Human activities involving noise emission can affect wild *** mink was exposed to road noise and human voice playbacks to analyze how sound intensity level and duration of both noises altered the time that individuals were active and if their fecal cortisol metabolite(FCM)levels varied.A Hierarchical Analysis Cluster was performed to establish 2 mink groups with respect to both noise source type:short duration/low intensity(SL)and long duration/high intensity(LH).We performed general linear mixed models to evaluate the variation in locomotor activity duration(s)and FCM(nanogram per gram)levels,*** results showed both road noise and human voices decreased locomotor activity duration in SL more sharply compared with LH,and human voices were the triggers that induced the most pronounced response to both exposure ***(ng/g)levels increased in SL compared with LH during road noise while the opposite happened during human *** based on sex and age of individuals were *** conclusion,noise characteristics given by the sound type determined the variations in locomotor activity duration while noise exposure level determined the variations in FCM(ng/g)*** should be paid to noisy activities(e.g.,recreational activities for visitors in protected natural areas)and loud groups of people to conserve wildlife,especially noise sensitive species.

关键词： anthropic disturbances European mink fecal cortisol metabolites noise exposure locomotor activity behavioral response

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Self-assembling protein nanocarrier for selective delivery of cytotoxic polypeptides to CXCR4^(+) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumors

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第5期12卷 2578-2591页

作者： Elisa Rioja-Blanco Irene Arroyo-Solera Patriciaálamo Isolda Casanova Alberto Gallardo Ugutz Unzueta naroa Serna Laura Sánchez-García Miquel Quer Antonio Villaverde Esther Vázquez Ramon Mangues Lorena alba-Castellón Xavier León Institut d'InvestigacióBiomèdica Sant Pau(IIB-Sant Pau) Barcelona 08041Spain Institut de Recerca contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras Barcelona 08025Spain CIBER de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina(CIBER-BBN)Madrid 28029Spain Department of Pathology Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelona 08041Spain Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain Department of Otorhinolaryngology Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelona 08041Spain

Loco-regional recurrences and distant metastases represent the main cause of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HnSCC) mortality. The overexpression of chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4) in HnSCC primary tumors associates with higher risk of developing loco-regional recurrences and distant metastases, thus making CXCR4 an ideal entry pathway for targeted drug delivery. In this context, our group has generated the self-assembling protein nanocarrier T22-GFP-H6, displaying multiple T22 peptidic ligands that specifically target CXCR4. This study aimed to validate T22-GFP-H6 as a suitable nanocarrier to selectively deliver cytotoxic agents to CXCR4^(+)tumors in a HnSCC model. Here we demonstrate that T22-GFP-H6 selectively internalizes in CXCR4^(+)HnSCC cells, achieving a high accumulation in CXCR4^(+)tumors in vivo, while showing negligible nanocarrier distribution in non-tumor bearing organs. Moreover, this T22-empowered nanocarrier can incorporate bacterial toxin domains to generate therapeutic nanotoxins that induce cell death in CXCR4-overexpressing tumors in the absence of histological alterations in normal organs. Altogether, these results show the potential use of this T22-empowered nanocarrier platform to incorporate polypeptidic domains of choice to selectively eliminate CXCR4^(+)cells in HnSCC. Remarkably, to our knowledge, this is the first study testing targeted proteinonly nanoparticles in this cancer type, which may represent a novel treatment approach for HnSCC patients.

关键词： Targeted drug delivery Protein nanoparticles CXCR4 receptor HnSCC Cell targeting Recombinant proteins nanotoxins Cancer therapy

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Effect of nanoparticles on Mechanical Properties of Cement-Sand Mortar Applications

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2017年第3期7卷 270-276页

作者： José Salvador Cavazos Gustavo gonzález Oxana V. Kharissova Beatriz Ortega Laura Pe&ntilde a Mario Osorio Mauricio Garza-Casta&ntilde ón Universidad de Monterrey Physics and Mathematics Department Engineering and Technologies Division San Pedro Garza-García N.L.México Universidad Autónoma de nuevo León Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas Pedro de Alba S/N Ciudad Universitaria San Nicolás de los Garza N.L. Mexico

Cement-sand mortar is a construction material widely used;tile adhesive is one of the main applications where the compressive strength is the key performance metric. nanoparticles like MWCnTs and HnTs are currently being used to improve the mechanical performance of the cement mortar due to their properties. The cost of MWCnTs has limited their application in the construction industry. This study focuses on the effect of two different concentrations of MWCnTs and HnTs in cement mortar;HnTs are proposed in this study to compare performance and cost overall benefits. A common problem with MWCnTs is agglomeration;to achieve a proper dispersion an ultrasonic processor was utilized. Mechanical properties of a cement mortar modified with nanoparticles were investigated with compression and bending tests on specimens performed at the age of 7 days. Results showed that concentrations of 0.1% of MWCnTs increase in compression strength by 56% and concentrations of 0.1% of HnTs performance increased by 31%, both compared to plain cement mortar.

关键词： Mechanical Properties Compressive Strength Cement Cement Manufacture

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