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Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian simulations of highly electrically charged micro-droplet Coulomb explosion deformation pathways

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International journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第3期7卷 136-149页

作者： alastair Radcliffe CIMAP unit´e mixte CEA-CNRS-ENSICAEN-UCBN 6252 BP 5133F-14070 CaenCedex 05France University of Warwick Coventry CV47ALUK.

Numerical simulation results of the Coulomb explosion pathways of cooled water and heated glycol droplets electrically charged to the critical Rayleigh limit are presented,calculated using an axi-symmetric finite element scheme previously used for the same problem[Radcliffe A.j.,Non-conforming finite elements for axisymmetric charged droplet deformation dynamics and Coulomb explosions,*** 71:249–268,(2013),doi:10.1002/fld.3667.]which has been adapted to use arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian(ALE)methods and a novel tip reconstruction technique in order to greatly improve its accuracy in matching available experimental data.

关键词： Electrohydrodynamics finite elements droplet deformations.

Omics Approaches to Identify PotentialBiomarkers of Inflammatory Diseases in the FocalAdhesion Complex

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第2期15卷 101-109页

作者： johanne Brooks alastair Watson Tamas Korcsmaros Gut Health and Food Safety Institute Strategic Programme Institute of Food Research Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UA United Kingdom Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7T J United Kingdom Gastroenterology Department Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital Norwich NR4 7UY United Kingdom Earlham Institute Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UZ United Kingdom

Inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) require recurrent invasive tests, including blood tests, radiology, and endoscopic evaluation both to diagnose and assess disease activity, and to determine optimal therapeutic strategies. Simple ‘bedside’ biomarkers could be used in all phases of patient management to avoid unnecessary investigation and guide further management. The focal adhesion complex(FAC) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple inflammatory diseases, including IBD, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. Utilizing omics technologies has proven to be an efficient approach to identify biomarkers from within the FAC in the field of cancer medicine. Predictive biomarkers are paving the way for the success of precision medicine for cancer patients, but inflammatory diseases have lagged behind in this respect. This review explores the current status of biomarker prediction for inflammatory diseases from within the FAC using omics technologies and highlights the benefits of future potential biomarker identification approaches.

关键词： Focal adhesion complex Biomarkers Inflammation Omics Systems biology

The overview of antimicrobial peptide-coated implants against oral bacterial infections

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聚集体(英文)

聚集体(英文) 2023年第3期4卷 3-18页

作者： Zhe Sun Li Ma Xiaodong Sun alastair j.Sloan Neil M.O’Brien-Simpson Wenyi Li Department of Stomatology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongChina Department of Endodontics Gaoxin branch of Jinan Stomatological HospitalJinanShandongChina Melbourne Dental School Division of Basic and Clinical Oral SciencesThe University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia ACTV Research Group Melbourne Dental SchoolDivision of Basic and Clinical Oral SciencesThe Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and BiotechnologyThe University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia

Dental implants are the most common therapeutic approach for resolving tooth loss and *** technical advances in treatment,implant failure rates can be as high as 23%with the major cause of peri-implantitis:a multi-species bacterial *** an annual growth rate in implant placements of 8.78%per annum,implant failure caused by bacterial infection is a significant oral and general health *** rise in antibiotic resistance in oral bacteria further adds pressure to implant failure;thus,there is a need for adjunctive therapy to improve implant *** to the broad spectrum of activity and a low risk of inducing bacterial resistance,peptide antibiotics are emerging as a promising implant coating material to reduce/prevent peri-implantitis and improve dental implant success *** this review,we summarised the current strategies of coating antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)onto dental implant material surfaces with multi-functional properties to enhance osteoblast growth and prevent bacterial *** review compared the recent reported literature on dental implant coating with AMPs,which will provide an overview of the current dental implant coating strategies using AMPs and insights for future clinical applications.

关键词： antimicrobial coating antimicrobial peptides dental implants implant-associated infection peptide release peri-implant disease

Sengstaken-Blakemore tube for non-variceal distal esophageal bleeding refractory to endoscopic treatment:a case report&review of the literature

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Gastroenterology Report 2014年第4期2卷 313-315页

作者： Yen-I Chen alastair P.Dorreen Paul j.Warshawsky jonathan M.Wyse Division of Gastroenterology McGill UniversityJewish General HospitalMontrealCanada Internal Medicine McGill UniversityJewish General HospitalMontrealCanada Critical Care Medicine McGill UniversityJewish General HospitalMontrealCanada

Non-variceal upper-gastrointestinal bleeding(NVUGIB)refractory to therapeutic endoscopy is a challenging *** following details a novel use for the Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in a case of severe ulcerative esophagitis after failure of conventional medical and endoscopic treatment.A 77-year-old man with a history of peptic ulcer disease developed massive hematemesis during a hospital *** gastroscopy revealed an adherent blood clot occupying the distal esophagus,extending to the gastric cardia and proximal *** was injected into and surrounding the clot;however,following the endoscopy the patient was hemodynamically unstable,requiring aggressive *** gastroscopy,following saline lavage,revealed active bleeding within severely ulcerated esophageal mucosa,immediately proximal to the gastro-esophageal(GE)*** apparent hemostasis following injection of epinephrine and electrocautery,the patient displayed clinical signs of continued ***,surgical and radiological interventions were precluded by the patient’s hemodynamic *** an attempt to tamponade blood supply to the GE junction,a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube was inserted and placed under *** hemostasis was subsequently achieved and the patient remained *** is the first case to describe use of a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in severe ulcerative esophagitis refractory to standard endoscopic management.

关键词： Esophagus therapeutics endoscopy gastrointestinal hemorrhage

Management of hypertension in COVID-19

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World journal of Cardiology 2020年第5期12卷 228-230页

作者： Daniel Antwi-Amoabeng Bryce D Beutler alastair E Moody Zahara Kanji Nageshwara Gullapalli Christopher j Rowan Department of Internal Medicine Reno School of MedicineUniversity of NevadaRenoNV 89052United States Department of Anesthesiology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84132United States Renown Institute for Heart and Vascular Health RenoNV 89512United States

The ACE2 receptor plays a central role in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 host cell entry and *** has therefore been postulated that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may upregulate ACE2 expression and thus increase susceptibility to *** suggest that alternative anti-hypertensive agents should be preferred among individuals who may be exposed to this increasingly common and potentially lethal virus.

关键词： Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor Angiotensin receptor blocker Carvedilol Coronavirus disease-19 COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Verapamil

Methane Emissions from Grazing Holstein-Friesian Heifers at Different Ages Estimated Using the Sulfur Hexafluoride Tracer Technique

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Engineering 2017年第5期3卷 753-759页

作者： Steven j. Morrisonn judith McBride Alan W. Gordon alastair R. G. Wylie Tianhai Yan Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Hillsborough County Down BT26 6DR UK Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Belfast BT9 5PX UK

Although the effect of animal and diet factors on enteric methane （CH4） emissions from confined cattle has been extensively examined, less data is available regarding CH4 emissions from grazing young cattle. A study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of the physiological state of Holstein-Friesian heifers on their enteric CH4 emissions while grazing a perennial ryegrass sward. Two experiments were conducted： Experiment 1 ran from May 2011 for 11 weeks and Experiment 2 ran from August 2011 for 10 weeks. In each experiment, Holstein-Friesian heifers were divided into three treatment groups （12 animals/group） consisting of calves, yearling heifers, and in-calf heifers （average ages： 8.5, 14.5, and 20.5 months, respectively）. Methane emissions were estimated for each animal in the final week of each experiment using the sulfur hexafluoride tracer technique. Dry matter （DM） intake was estimated using the calculated metabolizable energy （ME） requirement divided by the ME concentration in the grazed grass. As expected, live weight increased with increasing animal age （P 〈 0.001）; however, there was no difference in live weight gain among the three groups in Experiment 1, although in Experiment 2, this variable decreased with increasing animal age （P 〈 0.001 ）. In Experiment 1, yearling heifers had the highest CH4 emissions （g·d^-1） and in-calf heifers produced more than calves （P 〈 0.001 ）. When expressed as CH4 emissions per unit of live weight, DM intake, and gross energy （GE） intake, yearling heifers had higher emission rates than calves and in-calf heifers （P 〈 0.001）. However, the effects on CH4 emissions were different in Experiment 2, in which CH, emissions （g·d^-1） increased linearly with increasing animal age （P 〈 0.001）, although the difference between yearling and in-calf heifers was not significant. The CH4/live weight ratio was lower in in-calf heifers than in the other two groups （P 〈 0.001 ）, while CH4 energy output as a proportion of GE intake was lower

关键词： Methane emission Grazing dairy heifer Prediction Sulfur hexafluoride tracer technique

Can the Iberian Floristic Diversity Withstand Near-Future Climate Change?

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Open journal of Ecology 2014年第17期4卷 1089-1101页

作者： Marshall j. Heap alastair Culham jonathan Lenoir Rosario G. Gavilán Centre for Plant Diversity and Systematics School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Berkshire UK Unité de Recherche “Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés” (EDYSAN FRE3498 CNRS-UPJV) Jules Verne University of Picardie Amiens France Departamento de Biología Vegetal II F. Farmacia Universidad Complutense Madrid Spain

We assess how effectively the current network of protected areas (PAs) across the Iberian Peninsula will conserve plant diversity under near-future (2020) climate change. We computed 3267 MAXENT environmental niche models (ENMs) at 1-km spatial resolution for known Iberian plant species under two climate scenarios (1950-2000 baseline & 2020). To predict near-future species distributions across the network of Iberian and Balearics PAs, we combined projections of species’ ENMs with simulations of propagule dispersal by using six scenarios of annual dispersal rates (no dispersal, 0.1 km, 0.5 km, 1 km, 2 km and unlimited). Mined PA grid cell values for each species were then analyzed. We forecast 3% overall floristic diversity richness loss by 2020. The habitat of regionally extant species will contract on average by 13.14%. Niche movement exceeds 1 km per annum for 30% of extant species. While the southerly range margin of northern plant species retracts northward at 8.9 km per decade, overall niche movement is more easterly and westerly than northerly. There is little expansion of the northern range margin of southern plant species even under unlimited dispersal. Regardless of propagule dispersal rate, altitudinal niche movement of +25 m per decade is strongest for northern species. Pyrenees flora is most vulnerable to near-future climate change with many northern plant species responding by shifting their range westerly and easterly rather than northerly. Northern humid habitats will be particularly vulnerable to near-future climate change. Andalusian National Parks will become important southern biodiversity refuges. With limited human intervention (particularly in the Pyrenees), we conclude that floristic diversity in Iberian PAs should withstand near-future climate change.

关键词： Biodiversity Climate Change MAXENT Plants Portugal Spain Species Distribution Model

Electrical control of quantum emitters in a Van der Waals heterostructure

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第8期11卷 1790-1798页

作者： Simon j.U.White Tieshan Yang Nikolai Dontschuk Chi Li Zai-Quan Xu Mehran Kianinia alastair Stacey Milos Toth Igor Aharonovich School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia School of Physics University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia

Controlling and manipulating individual quantum systems in solids underpins the growing interest in the development of scalable quantum ***,hexagonal boron nitride(hBN)has garnered significant attention in quantum photonic applications due to its ability to host optically stable quantum ***,the large bandgap of hBN and the lack of efficient doping inhibits electrical triggering and limits opportunities to study the electrical control of ***,we show an approach to electrically modulate quantum emitters in an hBN-graphene van der Waals *** show that quantum emitters in hBN can be reversibly activated and modulated by applying a bias across the ***,a significant number of quantum emitters are intrinsically dark and become optically active at non-zero *** explain the results,we provide a heuristic electrostatic model of this unique ***,employing these devices we demonstrate a nearly-coherent source with linewidths of~160 *** results enhance the potential of hBN for tunable solid-state quantum emitters for the growing field of quantum information science.

关键词： quantum hexagonal boron

Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Freshwater Sites in Tasmania （Australia）, a Field Survey

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Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Freshwater Sites ...