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Sengstaken-Blakemore tube for non-variceal distal esophageal bleeding refractory to endoscopic treatment:a case report&review of the literature

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Gastroenterology Report 2014年第4期2卷 313-315页

作者： Yen-I Chen alastair P.Dorreen Paul j.Warshawsky jonathan m.Wyse Division of Gastroenterology McGill UniversityJewish General HospitalMontrealCanada Internal medicine McGill UniversityJewish General HospitalMontrealCanada Critical Care medicine McGill UniversityJewish General HospitalMontrealCanada

Non-variceal upper-gastrointestinal bleeding(NVUGIB)refractory to therapeutic endoscopy is a challenging *** following details a novel use for the Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in a case of severe ulcerative esophagitis after failure of conventional medical and endoscopic treatment.A 77-year-old man with a history of peptic ulcer disease developed massive hematemesis during a hospital *** gastroscopy revealed an adherent blood clot occupying the distal esophagus,extending to the gastric cardia and proximal *** was injected into and surrounding the clot;however,following the endoscopy the patient was hemodynamically unstable,requiring aggressive *** gastroscopy,following saline lavage,revealed active bleeding within severely ulcerated esophageal mucosa,immediately proximal to the gastro-esophageal(GE)*** apparent hemostasis following injection of epinephrine and electrocautery,the patient displayed clinical signs of continued ***,surgical and radiological interventions were precluded by the patient’s hemodynamic *** an attempt to tamponade blood supply to the GE junction,a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube was inserted and placed under *** hemostasis was subsequently achieved and the patient remained *** is the first case to describe use of a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in severe ulcerative esophagitis refractory to standard endoscopic management.

关键词： Esophagus therapeutics endoscopy gastrointestinal hemorrhage

The effect of tailing lipidation on the bioactivity of antimicrobial peptides and their aggregation tendency Special Issue:Emerging Investigators

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聚集体(英文)

聚集体(英文) 2023年第4期4卷 195-209页

作者： Bruce Lin Andrew Hung William Singleton Kevion K.Darmawan Rachael moses Bicheng Yao Hongkang Wu Anders Barlow marc-Antoine Sani alastair j.Sloan mohammed Akhter Hossain john D.Wade Yuning Hong Neil m.O’Brien-Simpson Wenyi Li The Bio21 Institute of molecular Science and Biotechnology University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia ACTV Research group Melbourne Dental SchoolCentre for Oral Health ResearchUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia melbourne Dental School Division of Basic and Clinical Oral SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and mental Health University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia School of Chemistry University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia materials Characterisation and Fabrication Platform University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

Antimicrobial peptides(AmPs)are potentially powerful alternatives to conven-tional antibiotics in combating multidrug resistance,given their broad spectrum of *** mainly interact with cell membranes through surface electrostatic potentials and the formation of secondary structures,resulting in permeability and destruction of target microorganism *** earlier work showed that two leading AmPs,mSI-78(4–20)and pardaxin(1–22),had potent antimicrobial activ-ity against a range of *** is known that the attachment of moderate-length lipid carbon chains to cationic peptides can further improve the functionality of these peptides through enhanced interactions with the membrane lipid bilayer,inducing membrane curvature,destabilization,and potential ***,in this work,we aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity,oligomerization propensity,and lipid-membrane binding interactions of a range of N-terminal lipidated analogs of mSI-78(4–20)and pardaxin(1–22).molecular modeling results suggest that aggregation of the N-lipidated AmPs may impart greater structural stability to the peptides in solu-tion and a greater depth of lipid bilayer insertion for the N-lipidated AmPs over the parental *** experimental and computationalfindings provide insights into how N-terminal lipidation of AmPs may alter their conformations,with subsequent effects on their functional properties in regard to their self-aggregation behavior,membrane interactions,and antimicrobial activity.

关键词： aggregation antimicrobial peptide lipidation membrane active peptide

Can the Iberian Floristic Diversity Withstand Near-Future Climate Change?

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Open journal of Ecology 2014年第17期4卷 1089-1101页

作者： marshall j. Heap alastair Culham jonathan Lenoir Rosario G. Gavilán Centre for Plant Diversity and Systematics School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Berkshire UK Unité de Recherche “Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés” (EDYSAN FRE3498 CNRS-UPJV) Jules Verne University of Picardie Amiens France Departamento de Biología Vegetal II F. Farmacia Universidad Complutense Madrid Spain

We assess how effectively the current network of protected areas (PAs) across the Iberian Peninsula will conserve plant diversity under near-future (2020) climate change. We computed 3267 mAXENT environmental niche models (ENms) at 1-km spatial resolution for known Iberian plant species under two climate scenarios (1950-2000 baseline & 2020). To predict near-future species distributions across the network of Iberian and Balearics PAs, we combined projections of species’ ENms with simulations of propagule dispersal by using six scenarios of annual dispersal rates (no dispersal, 0.1 km, 0.5 km, 1 km, 2 km and unlimited). mined PA grid cell values for each species were then analyzed. We forecast 3% overall floristic diversity richness loss by 2020. The habitat of regionally extant species will contract on average by 13.14%. Niche movement exceeds 1 km per annum for 30% of extant species. While the southerly range margin of northern plant species retracts northward at 8.9 km per decade, overall niche movement is more easterly and westerly than northerly. There is little expansion of the northern range margin of southern plant species even under unlimited dispersal. Regardless of propagule dispersal rate, altitudinal niche movement of +25 m per decade is strongest for northern species. Pyrenees flora is most vulnerable to near-future climate change with many northern plant species responding by shifting their range westerly and easterly rather than northerly. Northern humid habitats will be particularly vulnerable to near-future climate change. Andalusian National Parks will become important southern biodiversity refuges. With limited human intervention (particularly in the Pyrenees), we conclude that floristic diversity in Iberian PAs should withstand near-future climate change.

关键词： Biodiversity Climate Change mAXENT Plants Portugal Spain Species Distribution model

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科研道德委员会面临的挑战:一些实际建议

英国医学杂志中文版 1998年第1期1卷 45-47页

作者： jennifer Blunt julian Savulescu alastair j m Watson 陶涛 manchester m45 7PR former chairman salford Research Ethics Committee Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals Oxford OX3 9RP clinical ethicist Department of medicine University of Manchester Hope Hospital Salford M6 8HD senior lecturer

本文要点地方性科研道德委员会面临几个挑战:研究的规模、类型和复杂性不断增加;建立一个多中心科研道德委员会系统;缺乏对研究结果的汇总;发现科研失误和欺骗。面对这些挑战,地方性委员会必须有受过良好训练、具备多种技能的会员,充足... 详细信息

本文要点地方性科研道德委员会面临几个挑战:研究的规模、类型和复杂性不断增加;建立一个多中心科研道德委员会系统;缺乏对研究结果的汇总;发现科研失误和欺骗。面对这些挑战,地方性委员会必须有受过良好训练、具备多种技能的会员,充足的人力及财力资源,以及一个监督已批准的研究项目进程的体系。在多中心研究中,道德评估由多中心委员会和地方性委员会共同承担,后者只保留本地承认的决定权。假如地方性和多中心科研道德委员会采用共同的道德审查标准,其效果和效率将得到提高。

关键词：科研道德审查标准项目进程财力资源监督质量科研结果科研人员科研项目研究项目欺骗行为

脑干背侧迷走神经复合体中星形胶质细胞对食物摄取的调节

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神经损伤与功能重建 2020年第1期15卷 F0003-F0003页

作者： alastair j.m.cdonald Fiona E.Holmes Craig Beall Anthony E.Pickering Kate L.j.Ellacott 杜一星(编译) Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences University of Exeter Medical SchoolExeterUK. School of Physiology Pharmacology and NeuroscienceUniversity of BristolBiomedical Sciences BuildingUniversityWalkBristolUK. Anaesthesia Pain and Critical Care SciencesTranslational Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK. 不详

随着下丘中与调节能量稳态有关的脑星形胶质细胞信号传导的发现,星形胶质细胞在控制摄食的脑回路中的作用正逐渐被认识。脑干背侧迷走神经复合体(DVC)内的孤束核(NTS)整合了来自内脏的迷走神经传入信息,并起调节摄食的作用。我们假定该... 详细信息

随着下丘中与调节能量稳态有关的脑星形胶质细胞信号传导的发现,星形胶质细胞在控制摄食的脑回路中的作用正逐渐被认识。脑干背侧迷走神经复合体(DVC)内的孤束核(NTS)整合了来自内脏的迷走神经传入信息,并起调节摄食的作用。我们假定该核团中的星形胶质细胞对食物摄入做出反应并影响食物摄入。在黑暗期喂食高脂食物12 h的小鼠出现NTS星形胶质细胞活化,表现为与对照饲料喂养的小鼠相比,极后区(AP)邻近的神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)免疫反应性细胞数量增加(65%)和形态复杂性增高。为了检测星形胶质细胞活化对食物摄入的影响,我们使用腺相关病毒(AAV)载体(AAV-GFAPh m3Dq-m Cherry)将设计药物激活的设计受体(DREADDs)导入DVC星形胶质细胞(包括孤束核、极后区和迷走神经背运动核)。使用氯氮平-N-氧化物(0.3 mg/kg)进行化学遗传激活星形胶质细胞使其产生了比平行处理组星形细胞更复杂的形态,并在注射后4 h使动物在黑暗期进食减少84%。与表达AAV-GFAPm Cherry的对照小鼠相比,DVC星形胶质细胞的h m3Dq激活在禁食过夜后仍然减少黑暗期摄食(注射后4 h降低71%)。DREADD介导的星形胶质细胞激活不影响运动功能。DVC中星形胶质细胞的h m3Dq激活引起邻近的摄食神经回路(包括臂旁核)中c-FOS的表达。这表明NTS星形胶质细胞能对急性营养过剩做出反应,参与外周饱腹感信号的整合,并且在其激活后可以减少食物摄入。

关键词：星形胶质细胞化学遗传技术摄食新陈代谢孤束核