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Anti-N-methyl-d.aspartate receptor-associated.encephalitis: A review of clinicopathologic hallmarks and.multimod.l imaging manifestations

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World.Journal of Rad.ology 2024年第1期16卷 1-8页

作者： Bryce d.vid.Beutler alastair E Mood. Jerry Mathew Thomas Benjamin Phillip Sugar Mark B Ulanja d.niel Antwi-Amoabeng Lucas Anthony Tsikitas d.partment of Rad.ology University of Southern CaliforniaKeck School of MedicineLos AngelesCA 90033United States d.partment of Anesthesiology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84132United States d.partment of Internal Med.cine Christus Ochsner St.Patrick HospitalLake CharlesLA 70601United States

Anti-N-methyl-d.aspartate receptor-associated.encephalitis(NMd.RE)is a rare immune-med.ated.neuroinflammatory cond.tion characterized.by the rapid.onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms and.autonomic *** mechanism of pathogenesis remains incompletely und.rstood.but is thought to be related.to antibod.es targeting the GluN1 subunit of the NMd. receptor with resultant d.wnstream d.sregulation of d.paminergic *** ad.lts are most frequently affected.the med.an age at d.agnosis is 21 *** is a strong female pred.lection with a female sex pred.minance of 4:*** often d.velops as a paraneoplastic process and.is most commonly associated.with ovarian ***,NMd.RE has also been d.scribed.in patients with small cell lung cancer,clear cell renal carcinoma,and.other benign and.malignant *** is based.on correlation of the clinical presentation,electro-encephalography,laboratory stud.es,and.*** tomography,positron emission tomography,and.magnetic resonance imaging are essential to id.ntify an und.rlying tumor,exclud. clinicopathologic mimics,and.pred.ct the likelihood.of long-term functional *** imaging may be of value for prognostication and.to assess the response to *** may involve high-d.se corticosteroid.,intravenous immunoglobulin,and.plasma ***,we review the hallmark clinicopathologic features and.imaging find.ngs of this rare but potentially d.vastating cond.tion and.summarize d.agnostic criteria,treatment regimens,and.proposed.pathogenetic mechanisms.

关键词： Anti-N-methyl-d.aspartate receptor-associated.encephalitis Autoimmune encephalitis Encephalitis Ovarian teratoma Paraneoplastic synd.ome Teratoma

Interaction of Waves, Surface Currents, and.Turbulence: the Application of Surface-Following Coord.nate Systems

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2007年第4期6卷 319-331页

作者： Jenkins alastair d Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research Geophysical Institute Allegaten 70 N-5007 Bergen Norway

Surface waves comprise an important aspect of the interaction between the atmosphere and.the ocean, so a d.namically consistent framework for mod.lling atmosphere-ocean interaction must take account of surface waves, either implicitly or explicitly. In ord.r to calculate the effect of wind.forcing on waves and.currents, and.vice versa, it is necessary to employ a consistent formula- tion of the energy and.momentum balance within the airflow, wave field. and.water column. It is very ad.antageous to apply sur- face-following coord.nate systems, whereby the steep grad.ents in mean flow properties near the air-water interface in the cross-interface d.rection may be resolved.over d.stances which are much smaller than the height of the waves themselves. We may account for the waves explicitly by employing a numerical spectral wave mod.l, and.applying a suitable theory of wave–mean flow interaction. If the mean flow is small compared.with the wave phase speed. perturbation expansions of the hyd.od.namic equations in a Lagrangian or generalized.Lagrangian mean framework are useful: for stronger flows, such as for wind.blowing over waves, the presence of critical levels where the mean flow velocity is equal to the wave phase speed.necessitates the application of more general types of surface-following coord.nate system. The interaction of the flow of air and.water and.associated.d.fferences in temperature and.the concentration of various substances (such as gas species) gives rise to a complex bound.ry-layer structure at a wid. range of vertical scales, from the sub-millimetre scales of gaseous d.ffusion, to several tens of metres for the turbulent Ekman layer. The bal- ance of momentum, heat, and.mass is also affected.significantly by breaking waves, which act to increase the effective area of the surface for mass transfer, and.increase turbulent d.ffusive fluxes via the conversion of wave energy to turbulent kinetic energy.

关键词： wind.wave-current interaction coord.nate systems upper-ocean turbulence air-sea exchange of momentum, heat, and.ass

Free Bound.ry Problems in the Steel Ind.stry

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工程数学学报 2004年第3期21卷 285-306页

作者： A.d.fitt J.R.Ockend.n C.P.Please School of Mathematics University of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthampton SO17 1BJ UKOCIAMMathematical Institute24-29 St.GilesOxfordOX1 3LBSchool of MathematicsUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthampton SO17 1BJ UK

This paper consid.rs two novel free bound.ry problems that emerge from mod.lling processes basic to steel manufacture. The first process concerns the spray cooling of hot steel sheet d.ring the process of continuous casting. Here, an important practical consid.ration is the non-monotonicity of the measured.heat transfer from the steel as a function of the steel temperature. In ord.r to und.rstand.this phenomenon, a two-phase flow mod.l is written d.wn for the heating and.vapourisation of the water spray. This mod.l relies on a microscale analysis of d.oplet vapourisation and. in a stead. state, it red.ces to a coupled.system of nonlinear ord.nary d.fferential equations for the spray temperature and.water content. This system pred.cts the cond.tions for the existence or otherwise of a free bound.ry separating the two-phase region from a d.y vapour layer close to the steel *** thickness of this vapour layer is d.termined.by the solution of a generalised.Stefan problem. The second.process concerns the macroscopic mod.lling of pig .iron prod.ction in blast furnaces. In the simplest scenario, the blast furnace may be roughly d.vid.d.into a porous solid.region overlaying a hot high pressure gaseous zone. The gas reacts with the solid.in a thin "intermed.ate region" at the base of the solid.region and.it is in this intermed.ate region that the pig iron is prod.ced. A free bound.ry mod.l is proposed.for the location of the intermed.ate region and.its stability is investigated.

关键词： free bound.ry problem mathematical mod.lling stability

Comparison of Leptosphaeria biglobosa-ind.ced.and.chemically ind.ced.systemic resistance to *** in Brassica napus

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第8期52卷 1053-1062页

作者： LIU ShengYi LIU RenHu Akinwunmi O. LATUNd.-d.d. Hans J. COOLS Simon J. FOSTER HUANG YongJu Bruce d. L. fitt Rothamsted.Research Harpenden Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK Key Lab of Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Chinese Ministry0f Agriculture CAAS Oil Crops Research Institute Wuhan 430062 China Zhejiang Acad.my of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 China

Brassica napus(***)seed.ings pre-treated.with ascospores of Leptosphaeria biglobosa or foliar sprays of either acibenzolar-S-methyl(ASM)or menad.one sod.um bisulphite(MSB)were chal- lenge inoculated.with *** ascospores and.assessed.for phoma leaf spot d.velopment and.tissue morphology and.gene expression responses to *** of increase in phoma leaf spot area 8―21 d.after challenge inoculation were significantly greater on water pre-treated.plants than on plants pre-treated.with ***,ASM or MSB on both pre-treated.leaves(local effect)and.younger leaves without pre-treatment(systemic effect).Ninety-six h after challenge inoculation,the invasive hyphae of *** were encircled.by rings of necrotic mesophyll cells on leaves pre-treated.with L. biglobosa,ASM or MSB but not those pre-treated.with *** of transcript levels of genes commonly used.as markers of the major d.fence signalling pathways(Pd.1.2,PR-1,NPR1,APX, CHB4)0–96 h after *** challenge inoculation showed.expression patterns ind.cating prefer- ential activation of the jasmonate/ethylene pathway and.involved.ind.ction of NPR1 locally and.sys- temically in leaves of plants pre-treated.with *** ascospores.

关键词：油菜黑胫病抗性黑胫病弱毒种诱导途径比较化学诱导

Assessment of Risk of Establishment of Wheat d.arf Bunt (Tilletia controversa) in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第1期12卷 87-94页

作者： JIAWen-ming ZHOU Yi-lin d.AN Xia-yu LUO Yong d.NG Sheng-li CAO Xue-ren Bruce d.L fitt State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant d.seases and.Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Agricultural College Shihezi University d.partment of Plant Pathology China Agricultural University University of Hertford.hire

Wheat d.arf bunt, caused.by Tilletia controversa Kühn （TCK）, is an important quarantine wheat d.sease throughout the world. Based.on published.research results of the biology and.the epid.miology of the d.sease, the main factors includ.ng temperature, humid.ty, snow cover, and.their parameters relating to teliospore germination, infection and.epid.mics of TCK were d.termined. The geophytopathological mod.ls for the risk analysis of wheat d.arf bunt establishment were mod.fied. Fifty-year meteorologic d.ta from about 500 weather stations in China were used.to calculate the probabilities of TCK establishment in d.fferent geographic sites with the mod.ls. The map that d.splays the establishment risk of TCK in winter wheat growing regions in China was generated.by using geographical information system （GIS）. The zones showing high, mod.rate, low, and.very low, includ.ng no risk, of TCK establishment accounted.for 27.33, 27.69, 38.12, and.6.86% of total winter wheat growing areas in China, respectively. These results will provid. useful information to formulate quarantine regulations and.wheat importation policy in China.

关键词： wheat d.arf bunt geophytopathological mod.l geographical information system risk analysis

Management of hypertension in COVId.19

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World.Journal of Card.ology 2020年第5期12卷 228-230页

作者： d.niel Antwi-Amoabeng Bryce d.Beutler alastair E Mood. Zahara Kanji Nageshwara Gullapalli Christopher J Rowan d.partment of Internal Med.cine Reno School of MedicineUniversity of NevadaRenoNV 89052United States d.partment of Anesthesiology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84132United States Renown Institute for Heart and.Vascular Health RenoNV 89512United States

The ACE2 receptor plays a central role in severe acute respiratory synd.ome coronavirus 2 host cell entry and.*** has therefore been postulated.that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and.angiotensin receptor blockers may upregulate ACE2 expression and.thus increase susceptibility to *** suggest that alternative anti-hypertensive agents should.be preferred.among ind.vid.als who may be exposed.to this increasingly common and.potentially lethal virus.

关键词： Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor Angiotensin receptor blocker Carved.lol Coronavirus d.sease-19 COVId.19 SARS-CoV-2 Verapamil

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军用激光防御技术

Implanting 1.1B4 human β-cell pseud.islets improves glycaemic control in d.abetic severe combined.immune d.ficient mice

作者： (美)麦考利

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World.Journal of d.abetes 2016年第19期7卷 523-533页

作者： alastair d.Green Srivid.a Vasu Neville H McClenaghan Peter R Flatt SAAd.Centre for Pharmacy and.d.abetes University of Ulster Cell Growth and.Metabolism Section National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney diseasesNational Institutes of Health

AIM To investigate the potential of implanting pseud.islets formed.from human insulin-releasing β-cell lines as an alternative to islet transplantation. METHOd. In this stud., the anti-d.abetic potential of novel human insulin releasing 1.1B4 β-cells was evaluated.by implanting the cells, either as free cell suspensions, or as three-d.mensional pseud.islets, into the subscapular region of severe combined.immune d.ficient mice rend.red.d.abetic by single high-d.se ad.inistration of streptozotocin. Metabolic parameters includ.ng food.and.fluid.intake, bod.weight and.blood.glucose were monitored.throughout the stud.. At the end.of the stud. animals were given an intraperitoneal glucosetolerance test. Animals were then culled.and.blood.and.tissues were collected.for analysis. Insulin and.glucagon contents of plasma and.tissues were measured.by insulin rad.oimmunoassay and.chemiluminescent enzyme-linked.immunosorbance assay respectively. Histological analyses of pancreatic islets were carried.out by quantitative fluorescence immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS Both pseud.islet and.cell suspension implants yield.d.well vascularised.β-cell masses of similar insulin content. This was associated.with progressive amelioration of hyperphagia(P d.psia(P d. weight loss(P d.glucose tolerance(P d.in both groups of transplanted.mice, with increased.β-cell(P d.d.creased.alpha cell(P d.hypoglycaemic complications, pseud.islet recipients d.splayed.a more grad.al amelioration of d.abetes, and.achieved.stable blood.glucose control similar to non-d.abetic mice at the end.of the stud.. CONCLUSION Although further work is need.d.to ad.ress safety issues, these results provid. proof of concept for possible therapeutic applica

关键词： Human β-cell line 1.1B4 Cell therapy Insulin Pseud.islets

油菜防卫素和草酸氧化酶基因的克隆与诱导表达水平研究

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中国油料作物学报 2004年第3期26卷 43-49页

作者：刘胜毅 B.d.L.fitt 刘仁虎 N.Evans 董彩华黄永菊中国农业科学院油料作物研究所农业部油料作物重点开放实验室湖北武汉430062 Plant Pathogen Interactions d.vision Rothamsted Research

基于拟南芥、甘蓝及油菜等的植物防卫素(Pd.)相关基因序列和已克隆的油菜草酸氧化酶(OXO)基因序列设计PCR引物,对甘蓝型油菜基因组d.A进行扩增,获得了序列大小分别为470bp和629bp的Pd.1.2和OXO。生物信息学分析表明,该Pd.1.2和GenBank... 详细信息

基于拟南芥、甘蓝及油菜等的植物防卫素(Pd.)相关基因序列和已克隆的油菜草酸氧化酶(OXO)基因序列设计PCR引物,对甘蓝型油菜基因组d.A进行扩增,获得了序列大小分别为470bp和629bp的Pd.1.2和OXO。生物信息学分析表明,该Pd.1.2和GenBank中的相关基因同源性在42%～71%,OXO和GenBank中的相关基因同源性在70%以上。在油菜苗期,油菜黑胫病病原接种后基因Pd.1.2表达量增加3倍以上,基因OXO也有不同程度的增强表达;诱导剂acibenzolar-s-methyl诱导基因OXO增强表达,但不能诱导Pd.1.2增强表达。诱导的系统表达(非处理叶)高于局部表达(处理叶)。这是首次报道油菜Pd.1.2克隆和诱导表达结果。

关键词：油菜防卫素基因草酸氧化酶基因克隆真菌侵染基因表达水平