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Antibiotic Resistance in the Uropathogenic Enterobacteria Isolated from Patients Attending General Reference Hospital (GRH) of Niamey, Niger

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023年第1期13卷 78-90页

作者： alassane halawen mohamed René Dembélé Chaibou Salaou Alix Bénédicte Kagambèga Hiliassa Coulibaly Frédéric François Bado Alio Mahamadou Fody Laouali Boubou Alkassoum Ibrahim Eric Adehossi Omar Mauricio Arcos Holzinger Nicolas Barro Microbiology Laboratory of the General Reference Hospital (GRH) Niamey Niger Laboratory of Molecular Biology Epidemiology and Surveillance of Foodborne Bacteria and Viruses (LaBESTA) University Joseph KI-ZERBO of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Training and Research Unit in Applied Sciences and Technologies University of Dedougou Dedougou Burkina Faso Superior Normal School University Abdou Moumouni of Niamey Niamey Niger Bacteriology Laboratory of the Niamey National Hospital (NNH) Niamey Niger Direction of Surveillance and Response to Epidemics Ministry of Public Health Niamey Niger Faculty of Health Sciences University Abdou Moumouni of Niamey Niamey Niger Center for Medical and Health Research Niamey Niger Instituto de Ciencias Médicas Las Tablas Panama

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a frequent reason for consultation and lead to a significant and sometimes inappropriate prescription of antibiotics. The latter favors antibiotic resistance and an increase in mortality as well as the cost of treatment. The present study aims to contribute to the fight against antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria. Methods: This is a prospective study from January to December, 2021 in the Microbiology laboratory of the General Reference Hospital (GRH) of Niamey including 3369 urine samples. The antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria was determined using the Viteck-2 method. Results: At least 280 strains of Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from the patient’s urine. Among these strains, Escherichia coli was the most predominant (74.64%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.07%) and Enterobacter cloacae (7.14%) and other enterobacteria 2.15%. These Enterobacteriaceae are more common in community patients than in hospitalized patients. The average age of patients is 52 years and the age group most affected by these enterobacteria is 46 - 60 years (23.33%). The female sex is the most affected sex with (51.07%) against (48.97%) for the male sex with 1.04 as sex ratio. The hospitalization departments most affected by these enterobacteria are Nephrology (29.23%) and Endocrinology (21.54%). Up to 75% of the Enterobacteriaceae isolates show high resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ticarcillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoxitin, cefixime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid and ofloxacin. Conclusion: The high rate of antibiotic resistance among enterobacteria in urine is of concern. Only a few Enterobacteriaceae show low resistance to ertapenem, imipenem, amikacin, gentamicin, fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin. Therefore, these antibiotics are recommended as first line treatment for urinary tract infections.

关键词： Antibiotic Resistance Urinary Tract Infections Enterobacteriaceae Viteck-2 Niger

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Analysis of Maternal Deaths in Suburban of Dakar, Senegal

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第5期11卷 523-528页

作者： Abdoul Aziz Diouf Omar Gassama Moussa Diallo mohamed T. Diadhiou Simon Birame Ndour Mamour Gueye alassane Diouf Pikine National Hospital Thiaroye Dakar Senegal Aristide Le Dantec Teatching Hospital Dakar Senegal Phillipe Maguilen Senghor Hospital Yoff Dakar Senegal

Objective: Maternal mortality remains a major concern in developing countries. This survey aims to suggest strategic plans that would help decrease maternal and perinatal mortality in the suburbs. It is a descriptive study that shows the different causes of maternal deaths during pregnancy and puerperium period. Methods: It is a retrospective descriptive study done between January 1st 2016 and the 31st of December 2018. We have collected information on all deaths due to mortality issues in Five (5) maternity clinics around Dakar. The record shows that teach centre have an average of 4000 deliveries per year. The data collected from the hospital records were inputted using Sphinx software (version 5). These data were analysed using Epi Info software (version 3.5). After analysing these data, recommendations were made to minimize the different causes of maternal deaths. Results: We recorded 154 maternal deaths out of 32,420 live births. The direct causes of maternal deaths were a result of preeclampsia and its complications (31.2%), postpartum haemorrhage (24.7%), abruption placentae (20.8%) and obstructed labour (7.8%). The indirect causes were mainly sickle cell disease (1.3%), heart disease (1.3%) and gynaecological cancers (1.3%). Maternal deaths were also associated with fetal loss in 47.4% of 153 maternal deaths, need for blood transfusion 59% while none of the reference structures in the suburbs of Dakar has a blood bank;with a need for admission in intensive care unit was noted as 40%.

关键词： Maternal Mortality Preeclampsia Haemorrhage Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care Senegal

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Assessing the Pathogenic Ability of Six Species of Fusarium Genus on Onion Variety in Burkina Faso

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第6期14卷 739-750页

作者： Kouka Hamidou Sogoba Tounwendsida Abel Nana alassane Ouattara mohamed Sana Bawomon Fidèle Neya Harouna Sawadogo Kadidia Koïta Laboratoire Biosciences Département de biologie végétale et de physiologie végétale Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire de Gaoua Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Prema 178 onion variety is widely used in production in Burkina Faso. It is greatly appreciated but susceptible to basal rot. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenic ability of six strains of Fusarium genus identified in Burkina Faso on onion. Seeds, seedlings and bulbs were used for the test. A conidial suspension of each strain was made in tubes and adjusted to 1 × 106 conidia/ml with distilled water for the different tests. Germination test in the laboratory and greenhouse showed that all treatments with the strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. solani, F. falciforme, F. acutatum, F. proliferatum and F. sp. induced failure to emerge and showed a significant difference with the control. The different strains also induced stunting rates of coleoptile growth. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. acutatum, F. proliferatum, F. falciforme and F. solani were very aggressive, as they recorded above 50% damping-off rates. The test on the bulbs revealed that the strains were classified into two groups. The first consists of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. solani, F. falciforme, F. acutatum, which caused rots with respective lengths from 2.06;1.48;1.84;1.46 and 2.12 cm, thus very aggressive according to Ghanbarzadeh scale. The second is formed by F. proliferatum which recorded 0.90 cm of rot length, thus moderately aggressive. It would be appropriate to suggest a sustainable management method for these pathogens in order to improve the yield of onion production.

关键词： Fusarium spp. Pathogenicity Allium cepa L. Burkina Faso

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Diabetes Ketoacidosis in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Study from the Teaching Hospital of Pikine

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2023年第6期13卷 75-83页

作者： Nafy Ndiaye Ngone Diaba Diack Abdou Tall Khadidiatou Samb Yakham mohamed Leye Abdoulaye Leye Abdou Aziz Diouf alassane Diouf Internal Medicine/Endocrinology-Diabetology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Gynaecology-Obstetric Teaching Hospital of Pikine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in pregnancy is rare but associated with maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the epidemiological, diagnostic, and prognostic characteristics of DKA in pregnant women in Dakar hospitals and to study the predictive factors of its occurrence. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from January 2013 to January 2021 in the Internal Medicine/ Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition and Gynaecology-Obstetrics departments of the National University Hospital Centre in Pikine, Senegal. Medical files of all pregnant women hospitalised for DKA during this period were collected. Results: A total of 10 patients were included in the study. Average age was 30.9 years. Two patients with unplanned pregnancies had pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (pre-GDM) and did not have regular diabetic follow-up. Among the 8 patients with GDM, risk factors for GDM were found in 7 women, and three had a history of GDM. Blood glucose levels were >1.02 and >11 g/L for these two groups, respectively. None of the women had been systematically screened for GDM between 24 and 28 gestational weeks. Signs of ketosis were present: 6 patients had Kussmaul dyspnea and one patient had a Glasgow Coma Score of 10/15. The precipitating factor was infection in three patients. Two patients had pre-eclampsia. The evolution of DKA was favourable in all patients. For pregnancy outcomes: 4 cases of intrauterine foetal death were recorded, 2 women carried their pregnancy to term, a woman gives birth prematurely and 3 patients were lost to follow-up. Conclusion: DKA during pregnancy is rare in Dakar hospitals but health risk increases with the lack of screening for GDM in pregnant women, follow-up in a specialised environment, and pregnancy planning in diabetic patients. The obstetrical prognosis is poor for GDM patients, with a high rate of foetal death in utero.

关键词： Diabetic Ketoacidosis Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pregnancy Pikine Senegal

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Late Diagnosis of Turner Syndrome in Adulthood;a Case Study from the Endocrinology-Diabetology Nutrition Department of the National Hospital of Pikine Senegal

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第5期14卷 115-122页

作者： Nafy Ndiaye Yakham mohamed Leye Ngone Diaba Diack Mamadou Ba Bibatou Abdoulaye Leye Abdou Aziz Diouf alassane Diouf Jean Pascal Demba Diop Internal Medicine/Endocrinology-Diabetology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Gynaecology-Obstetric Teaching Hospital of Pikine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Human Genetic Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Turner syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterised by the presence of one X chromosome and the absence of part or all of an X or Y chromosome and patients may experience delayed puberty and infertility. Our study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic delay in our practice and analyze the impact of this diagnostic delay on the effectiveness of patient management. Patients and Methods: Turner syndrome patients were identified from the endocrinology-diabetology nutrition department Database We examined the records of patients in whom the karyotype analysis favoured Turner syndrome. Results: We have selected 5 patients’ records of female patients with Turner syndrome. The mean age was 25, ranging from 19 to 29 years. Primary amenorrhea and characteristic dysmorphic features were observed in all patients. One married patient, who sought consultation for infertility, expressed a desire for pregnancy. Short stature was identified in 3 patients. Primary hypothyroidism and hypertension were respectively found in 1 and 2 patients. Gonadal dysgenesis was noted in 100% of cases. Karyotype analysis revealed monosomy X in 2 patients and mosaic patterns in others. All patients received estrogen-progestin treatment. Antihypertensive therapy was initiated for 2 patients. One patient is on L-thyroxine. In the short term, treatment led to the onset of menstruation after the initial months. Evaluation of treatment efficacy on internal genital organs is yet to be performed. Due to uncertain benefits at this age, growth hormone therapy was not considered for our patients. We provided counseling on assisted reproductive options for couples desiring to conceive. In our study, all patients were placed on estrogen-progestin therapy, and the response appeared favorable. Conclusion: In our practice, the diagnosis of Turner syndrome occurs very late in adulthood, at an age when growth hormone treatment is nearly ineffective. Treatment typically revolves around estrogen-progestin

关键词： Turner Syndrome Primary Amenorrhea Adult Pikine

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Assessment Postpartum Glucose Status among Women with Gestational Diabetes: Experience of a Sub-Saharan African Endocrinology Department

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2020年第3期10卷 124-131页

作者： Ngoné Diaba Diack Aminata Mbaye Nafy Ndiaye Yakham mohamed Leye Abdoul Aziz Diouf Mamadou Ba Khadidja Samb Papemomar Guisse Abdoulaye Leye alassane Diouf Endocrinology-Diabetology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Senegal Obstetrics and Gynécology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Senegal

Background: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have a significantly increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes after delivery. The purpose of this study was to determine the postpartum glycemic status among women with GDM in an Endocrinology-Diabetology department in Sub-Saharan Area. Methods: It was a prospective cohort study conducted between January 1, 2013, and July 31, 2018 (over period of 5 years and 7 months) at Pikine National Hospital, Dakar, Senegal. Postpartum glucose status was evaluated at least 6 weeks post-partum among women with history of GDM according to IADPSG criteria. The glycemic status after delivery was pointed referring to 2006 WHO criteria. Results: Overall 53 patients were included in this study. Fasting plasma glucose was performed as a screening test in 94% of the cases. A type 2 diabetes after GDM as diagnosed in 6 patients, accounting for a prevalence of 11.32%. An Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) was revealed in 5 patients (9.43%). The patients underwent a screening test in the first year after delivery in 54.70% of the cases, over a half of whom during the post-partum period range from the 6th to the 12th week. Insulin usage during pregnancy was statistically correlated with the occurrence of postpartum diabetes. Conclusion: Diabetes prevention and early diagnosis require a glycemic status monitoring among women with history of GDM.

关键词： Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Postpartum Glucose Status Type 2 Diabetes Africa IADPSG

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Totally Occluded Coarctation of the Aorta in a Young Adult

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第4期14卷 282-287页

作者： Marguerite Téning Diouf mohamed Leye Joseph Salvator Mingou Aw Fatou Ndeye Faye Sy Aimé Mbaye Malick Bodian Aliou alassane Ngaidé Abdoul Kane Cardiology Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Training and Research in Health Sciences Unit University of Thi&#232s Thi&#232s Senegal Cardiology Department Hospital Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal

We report the case of a 20-year-old female patient presenting with a totally occluded coarctation of the aorta. The patient was admitted for the evaluation of resistant grade III high blood pressure. The physical examination revealed a blood pressure gradient between the upper and lower limbs, absent femoral pulses, a diffuse continuous murmur over the chest, and hyperpulsatility of the carotid arteries and sternal notch. A transthoracic echocardiography outlined a narrowing in the caliber of the isthmic aorta without acceleration of flow or gradient. Thoracic CT angiography revealed a complete aortic coarctation with interruption of continuity between segment 3 and the descending aorta.

关键词： Coarctation of Aorta Complete Aortic Occlusion High Blood Pressure Adult

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Electrocardiographic Changes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Multicenttic Cross Sectional and Descriptive Study in Dakar

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2017年第3期7卷 64-73页

作者： Michel Assane Ndour Leye Abdoulaye Fall Biram Codou Leye Yakham mohamed Ndiaye Nafy Diack Ngoné Diaba Fall Aichetou Mbaye alassane Diao Maboury Diop Moreira Therese Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology National Pikine Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Department of Cardiology Center Hospital Aristide le Dantec Dakar Senegal Department of Cardiology National Hospital Center of Grand Yoff Dakar Senegal Department of Internal Medicine Center Hospital Aristide le Dantec Dakar Senegal Faculty of Medicine of Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The resting electrocardiogram is generally called upon in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk in diabetics. Thus we proposed in this work to evaluate electrocardiographic changes in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive observation that took place from 1 January 2014 to 1 October 2014 in the Internal Medicine/Endocrinology Departments of Pikine National Hospital and Cardiology National Hospital of Grand-Yoff. Results: One hundred (100) patients consisted of 43 male and 57 female diabetics. The sex ration male/female ratio was 0.7. The average age was 58.3 years. Men were twice as likely to be active as women. Rhythm disorders were noted in 20% of patients, 13% of whom were women. Right atrial hypertrophy was found in 11% of patients and left hypertrophy in both men and women (25%). Wolf-Parkinson White syndrome was present in 2% of patients. A complete right bundle block was present in 11% of patients. Primary repolarization disorders were noted in 17% of patients and secondary in 18% of patients, postero-diaphragmatic necrosis in 14% of patients, real posterior necrosis in 2% of patients, extensive anterior necrosis in 15% of patients. The QT interval was lengthened in 21% of patients including 14 women. Left ventricular hypertrophy was present in 33% of patients and right ventricular hypertrophy was found in 10% of patients. The bivariate analysis showed that electrocardiographic abnormalities were more correlated with the association of certain risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, the feminine gender, but also the poor glycemic balance. On the other hand, physical activity and treatment had a protective effect. Conclusion: The ECG is certainly insufficient for an exhaustive exploration of the heart of the diabetic patient, but still very useful in our conditions of exercise to improve the care of our patients.

关键词： Diabetes ECG Heart Dakar Cardiovascular Disease

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Prevalence and the Risk Factors of Renal Insufficiency in the City of Saint Louis in Senegal

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2015年第3期5卷 83-90页

作者： Ahmed Tall Lemrabott Mouhamadou Moustapha Cisse Elhadji Fary Ka Sidy mohamed Seck Maria Faye Moussa Sarr Ngoné Diaba Gaye alassane Mbaye Abdou Niang Boucar Diouf Abdoul Kane Department of Nephrology Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital Dakar Senegal Faculty of Medicine Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Cardiology Grand-Yoff General Hospital Dakar Senegal

Background: The true scale of renal insufficiency (RI) in Sub-Saharan Africa remains unknown due to the lack of national registries. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological characteristics of renal insufficiency in urban areas in Saint Louis of Senegal. Materials and Methods: It is an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study. The study was conducted during 27 days starting from 3 to 30 May 2010. All senegalese residents of Saint Louis (older than 15 years at the time of the study) in whom creatinine clearance was performed were included in the study. The sampling method used was a systematic random sampling, stratified cluster. The survey was designed by an expert comitee based on STEPS survey of the World Health Organization. RI was defined as a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 2. Results: Among 1424 people initially selected a final selection of 1416 was made. The sex ratio was 0.45. The mean age was 43.4 ± 17.8 years. The overall prevalence of renal insufficiency according to MDRD (Modification of diet in renal disease) formula was 181 cases or 12.7%. The mean age of the people with renal insufficiency was 47.6 ± 17.4 years. Renal insufficiency was correlated to height blood pressure (p = 0.01) and Physical inactivity (p = 0.0001). The prevalence of renal insufficiency was higher in diabetics (71.4%) and obese people (66.6%) than in non-diabetics (64.9%) and non-obese people (56.5%), although the difference was not statistically significant. Dyslipidemia and smoking were not correlated to the risk of occurrence of IR. Conclusions: This study reports the increasing magnitude of RI and its risk factors in the city of Saint Louis in Senegal. It is imperative to establish à national prevention strategies to avoid the dizzying growth of this scourge.

关键词： Renal Insufficiency Risk Factors GFR Saint-Louis Senegal

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Screening of Myocardial Cardiotoxicity Induced by Anticancer Chemotherapy and the Importance of Global Longitudinal Strain

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第6期14卷 381-391页

作者： Marguerite Téning Diouf Fatou Aw Hussein Khadra Sophie Ba Doudou Diouf Michel Ngonar Sarr Joseph Salvador Mingou Malick Ndiaye Simon Antoine Sarr Momar Dioum Aliou alassane Ngaide Serigne Mor Beye Simon Manga Alain Affangla Youssou Diouf Khadimu Rassoul Diop Malick Bodian mohamed Leye Mouhamadou Bamba Ndiaye alassane Mbaye Adama Kane Maboury Diao Abdoul Kane Cardiology Department of the Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Hospital Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Hospital Fann Dakar Senegal UFR2S Saint Louis Saint Louis Senegal UFR Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Training and Research in Health Sciences Unit University of Thies Thies Senegal Cardiology Department Hospital General Idrissa Pouye Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The improvement of survival in patients with cancer and the expansion of therapeutic options have led to the emergence of a new profile of cardiotoxicity, specifically associated with antimitotic agents. Our study aimed to assess the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myocardial toxicity in patients with cancer. Patients and Methods: We conducted a looking-forward longitudinal cohort study including all patients admitted to the Cardiology departments of Aristide le Dantec Hospital and Dalal Jamm National Hospital Centre for apre-chemotherapy check-up. The included patients did not undergo any pre-existing cardiopathy. Results: Over a period of two years ranging from January 2019 to December 2021, a total of 37 patients were included in the study. Notably, there was a female predominance (92%) with an average age of 49.7 years ± 13.69. Breast cancer accounted for 70% of the neoplasms. Laboratory findings revealed moderate anemia in 19 patients (51%). At inclusion, the left ventricle (LV) was of normal size (LV diastole at 44.46 ± 4.97 mm). The systolic function of the left ventricle was normal in all patients, with an average ejection fraction (EF) of 63.1% ± 5.80 and a mean global longitudinal strain (GLS) of −20.4% ± 2.58. The most commonly used agents were anthracyclines. During follow-up, 3 patients (8.1%) developed clinical symptoms of left heart failure, and LV dysfunction on echocardiography was observed in 5 (13.5%) patients, with a significant decrease in EF Conclusion: The incidence of cardiac toxicity is not negligible, hence the importance of early screening. Strain imaging is an essential tool that should be performed as part of the assessment before chemotherapy and re-evaluated during treatment.

关键词： Cancer Chemotherapy Global Longitudinal Strain Cardiotoxicity

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