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Neonatal encephalopathy due to suspected hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy:pathophysiology,current,and emerging treatments

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第11期20卷 1105-1114页

作者： Carina Corte-Real Babbo Juanita Mellet Jeanne van Rensburg Shakti Pillay alan Richard Horn Firdose Lambey Nakwa Sithembiso Christopher Velaphi Gugulabatembunamahlubi Tenjiwe Jabulile Kali Melantha Coetzee Mogomane Yvonne Khomotso Masemola Daynia Elizabeth Ballot Michael Sean pepper SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy Department of ImmunologyFaculty of Health SciencesInstitute for Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of PretoriaRoom 5‑64Level 5Pathology Building15 Bophelo Road(Cnr.Steve Biko and Dr.Savage Streets)Prinshof CampusGezinaPretoriaSouth Africa Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Division of NeonatologyGroote Schuur HospitalUniversity of Cape TownNeonatal UnitCape TownSouth Africa Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Faculty of Health SciencesChris Hani Baragwanath Academic HospitalUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Stellenbosch UniversityTygerberg Hospital Neonatal UnitCape TownSouth Africa Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Division of NeonatologyFaculty of Health SciencesSteve Biko Academic HospitalUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Faculty of Health SciencesKalafong HospitalUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Faculty of Health SciencesCharlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic HospitalUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa

Background Neonatal encephalopathy(NE)due to suspected hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE),referred to as NESHIE,is a clinical diagnosis in late preterm and term *** occurs as a result of impaired cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery during the peripartum period and is used until other causes of NE have been discounted and HIE is *** hypothermia(TH)is the only evidence-based and clinically approved treatment modality for ***,the limited efficacy and uncertain benefits of TH in some low-to middle-income countries(LMICs)and the associated need for intensive monitoring have prompted investigations into more accessible and effective stand-alone or additive treatment *** sources This review describes the rationale and current evidence for alternative treatments in the context of the pathophysiology of HIE based on literatures from Pubmed and other online sources of published *** The underlining mechanisms of neurotoxic effect,current clinically approved treatment,various categories of emerging treatments and clinical trials for NE are summarized in this ***,caffeine citrate,autologous cord blood stem cells,Epoetin alfa and Allopurinal are being tested as potential neuroprotective agents *** This review describes the rationale and current evidence for alternative treatments in the context of the pathophysiology of *** agents are currently only being investigated in high-and middle-income *** from these trials will need to be interpreted and validated in LMIC *** focus of future research should therefore be on the development of inexpensive,accessible monotherapies and should include LMICs,where the highest burden of NESHIE exists.

关键词： Brain Cerebrovascular circulation Hypoxia–ischemia Induced hypothermia Neuroprotective agents

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Transcriptome Analysis of Ten-DPA Fiber in an Upland Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>) Line with Improved Fiber Traits from Phytochrome A1 RNAi Plants

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 2530-2553页

作者： Qing Miao Peng Deng Sukumar Saha Johnie N. Jenkins Chuan-Yu Hsu Ibrokhim Y. Abdurakhmonov Zabardast T. Buriev alan.pepper Din-Pow Ma Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA Department of Pharmacology Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA USDA-ARS Crop Science Research Laboratory Mississippi State MS USA Institute for Genomics Biocomputing and Biotechnology Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan Tashkent Uzbekistan Department of Biology Texas A & M University College Station TX USA

Silencing phytochrome A1 gene (PHYA1) by RNA interference in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Coker 312) had generated PHYA1 RNAi lines with improved fiber quality (longer, stronger and finer fiber). To reveal molecular mechanisms that govern fiber development with positive fiber traits, a study of global gene expression profiling of 10-DPA fibers in a PHYA1 RNAi line and its parent Coker 312 was conducted by high-throughput RNA sequencing. A comparative analysis of transcriptomes between the two lines had identified 142 genes that were differentially expressed in the 10-DPA fiber of the RNAi line. Gene Ontology analysis showed that these differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in metabolic pathways, heterocyclic/organic cyclic compound binding and multiple enzyme activities, and cell structures which were reported to play important roles in fiber development. Twenty-eight KEGG pathways were mapped for the 142 genes, and the pathways related to glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and pyruvate metabolism were the most abundant and followed by cytochrome P450-involved pathways, suggesting that fiber improvement could be through the regulation of proteins involved in cytochrome P450 pathways. Genes encoding WRKY transcription factors, sucrose synthase, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase hydrolase, udp-glucuronate: xylan alpha-glucuronosyltransferase, and genes involved in lipid metabolism and ABA/brassinosteroid signal transduction pathways were found differentially expressed in the RNAi line. These genes have direct impacts on cotton fiber quality. The results of this study elucidate molecular signatures and possible mechanisms of fiber improvement in the background of PHYA1 RNAi in cotton and should help for future fine-tuning and programming of cotton fiber development.

关键词： Fiber Development Phytochrome A1 RNA Interference RNA-Seq Transcriptome

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