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Parameters for Use of BEWAB＋ Programme to Schedule Irrigation of Pea （Pisum sativum L,）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2013年第8期3卷 622-632页

作者： Leon van Rensburg mamus Strydom alan Bennie Chris du Preez Department of Soil Crop and Climate Sciences University of the Free State Bloemfontein 9300 Republic of South Africa

A large portion of irrigation farmers make use of subjective （intuition） irrigation scheduling methods as supposed to objective or scientific irrigation scheduling methods, which need to be changed. The BEsproeiingsWAterbestuursprogram （BEWAB＋） irrigation scheduling programme is based on the water balance equation and needs：（1） a crop production function; （2） a relative consumptive water demand curve and （3） an allowable depletion subroutine. The objective of this paper was to describe research aimed at obtaining information on （1） and （2） for pea and also to describe the effect of water application on yield and water use of pea. BEWAB＋ uses this information to estimate the daily irrigation water requirements for a particular soil-crop-atmosphere system under irrigation. A field experiment, based on published line-source irrigation methodology, was conducted on a 3 m deep loamy fine sand Bainsvlei or Ustic Quartzipsamment soil near Bloemfontein （26°08′S; 29°01′E） in South Africa. Results showed that there is a linear relationship of the form Ys = 8.07ET - 249 （r2 = 0.91）, where Ys is the seed yield of pea （kg/ha） and ET is evapotranspiration for the growing season （mm）. The relative consumptive water demand curve is represented by the following third order polynomial function that describes the relationship between time and relative ET for a pea growing season of 120 days： ETrelx = 0.09419646 - 0.01302413x ＋ 0.00059008x2 - 0.00000371x3. ETrelz denotes relative ET and x denotes time in days. A workable balance between practical problem solving and advanced irrigation science has been established with BEWAB＋. Pre-plant irrigation schedules can be made for semi-arid areas with the BEWAB＋ programme using easily obtainable inputs, like target yield, soil depth and soil particle size distribution information.

关键词： Crop water demand evapotranspiration irrigation scheduling line source irrigation system pea.

Solar-Assisted Space Heating and Small Pond-Assisted Space Cooling of a Highly Insulated Energy Efficient House

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2012年第8期6卷 974-984页

作者： Toktam Saeid Hessam Taherian alan S. Fung Humphrey Tse DIALOG Toronto M4W1A8 Ontario Canada Department of mechanical Engineering Universi(y of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294-4461 USA Department of mechanical and Industrial Engineering Ryerson University Toronto M5B 2K3 Ontario Canada

For three weeks in October 2009, the U.S. Department of Energy hosted the Solar Decathlon Competition in which 20 teams of college and university students competed to design, build, and operate their own version of a solar-powered house. Team North＇s mission was to deliver North House, a compelling, marketable solar powered home for people with active lifestyles, while building Canada＇s next generation of leaders in sustainable engineering, business and design. This paper deals with a solar-assisted space heating system that was studied as a potential design for the competition. Among several other conclusions, it was found that using a solar-assisted in-floor heating system can decrease the energy consumption to only 8% of the case without the in-floor loop.

关键词： Net-zero energy house TRNSYS software energy modeling.

An artificial intelligence reconstruction of global gridded surface winds

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Science Bulletin 2022年第20期67卷 2060-2063,M0003页

作者： Lihong Zhou Haofeng Liu Xin Jiang alan D.Ziegler Cesar Azorin-molina Jiang Liu Zhenzhong Zeng School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Faculty of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Maejo UniversityChiang Mai 50290Thailand Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CIDECSIC-UV-Generalitat Valenciana)ClimateAtmosphere and Ocean Laboratory(Climatoc-Lab)MoncadaValencia 46113Spain

Gridded wind speed data products with global coverage and continuous long-term time series are widely used in many applica-tions,such as evaluating wind energy potential[1]and drought processes[2]However,some available products do not accurately reproduce observed wind speed trends on land[3.4].leading to biased or inaccurate conclusions in studies on wind-related ***-situ weather stations involve direct measurements that accurately preserve wind speed ***,the uneven distribu-tion and incomplete time series have constrained their widespread applications in regional and global *** limitations,which we have encountered firsthand in investigating the global wind silling and reversal phenomena[4].have inspired us to cre-ate a new global gridded surface wind product that preserves observed wind patterns and trends.

关键词：卷积神经网络人工智能缺失值可再生能源平均风速 CNN 气候变化连续性

Biodiversity of freshwater ciliates(Protista,Ciliophora)in the Lake Weishan Wetland,China:the state of the

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marine Life Science & Technology 2022年第4期4卷 429-451页

作者： Zhe Wang Yong Chi Tao Li Wenya Song Yunfeng Wang Tong Wu Gongaote Zhang Yujie Liu Honggang ma Weibo Song Khaled A.S.Al-Rasheid alan Warren Borong Lu Institute of Evolution and marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China marine College Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China Zoology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Life Sciences Natural History MuseumLondon SW75BDUK

Ciliates are core components of the structure of and function of aquatic microbial food *** play an essential role in the energy flow and material circulation within aquatic ***,studies on the taxonomy and biodiversity of freshwater ciliates,especially those in wetlands in China are *** address this issue,a project to investigate the freshwater ciliates of the Lake Weishan Wetland,Shandong Province,commenced in ***,we summarize our findings to date on the diversity of ciliates.A total of 187 ciliate species have been found,94 of which are identified to species-level,87 to genus-level,and six to *** species show a high morphological diversity and represent five classes,i.e.,Heterotrichea,Litostomatea,Prostomatea,Oligohymenophorea,and *** largest number of species documented are oligohymenophoreans.A comprehensive database of these ciliates,including morphological data,gene sequences,microscope slide specimens and a DNA bank,has been *** the present study,we provide an annotated checklist of retrieved ciliates as well as information on the sequences of published *** of these species are recorded in China for the first time and more than 20%are tentatively identified as new to ***,an investigation of environmental DNA revealed that the ciliate species diversity in Lake Weishan Wetland is higher than previously supposed.

关键词： Environmental DNA Protozoa Species diversity Taxonomy

Spray freeze drying of small nucleic acids as inhaled powder for pulmonary delivery

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2018年第2期13卷 163-172页

作者： Wanling Liang alan Y.L.Chan michael Y.T.Chow Fiona F.K.Lo Yingshan Qiu Philip C.L.Kwok Jenny K.W.Lam Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Advanced Drug Delivery Group Faculty of Pharmacy The University of Sydney

The therapeutic potential of small nucleic acids such as small interfering RNA(siRNA) to treat lung diseases has been successfully demonstrated in many in vivo studies. A major barrier to their clinical application is the lack of a safe and efficient inhaled *** this study, spray freeze drying was employed to prepare dry powder of small nucleic *** and herring sperm DNA were used as bulking agent and model of small nucleic acid therapeutics, respectively. Formulations containing different solute concentration and DNA concentration were produced. The scanning electron microscope(SEm) images showed that the porosity of the particles increased as the solute concentration decreased. Powders prepared with solute concentration of 5% w/v were found to maintain a balance between porosity and robustness. Increasing concentration of DNA improved the aerosol performance of the formulation. The dry powder formulation containing 2% w/w DNA had a median diameter of 12.5 μm, and the aerosol performance study using next generation impactor(NGI) showed an emitted fraction(EF) and fine particle fraction(FPF) of 91% and 28% respectively. This formulation(5% w/v solute concentration and 2% w/w nucleic acid) was adopted subsequently to produce siRNA powder. The gel retardation and liquid chromatography assays showed that the siRNA remained intact after spray freeze drying even in the absence of delivery vector. The siRNA powder formulation exhibited a high EF of 92.4%and a modest FPF of around 20%. Further exploration of this technology to optimise inhaled siRNA powder formulation is warranted.

关键词： Inhalation Pulmonary delivery Small interfering RNA Spray freeze drying

Influence of Adjuvants on the Control of Glyphosate-Resistant Canada Fleabane and Waterhemp in Corn with Tolpyralate

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第3期11卷 354-371页

作者： Nicole m. Langdon Nader Soltani alan J. Raedar David C. Hooker Darren E. Robinson Peter H. Sikkema University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

Tolpyralate is a new benzoylpyrazole herbicide for weed management in corn. It is recommended to be co-applied with atrazine along with the adjuvants methylated seed oil concentrate (mSO) plus an ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, such as urea ammonium nitrate (UAN). Two studies were conducted on glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane and GR waterhemp to determine if an additional adjuvant is still required when tolpyralate plus atrazine are tankmixed with a commercial glyphosate formulation (Roundup WeathermAX®) in corn. Trials were conducted over a two-year period (2018-19) on farms in south western Ontario with confirmed GR populations. When co-applied with Roundup WeathermAX®, the addition of mSO to tolpyralate + atrazine increased control of GR waterhemp 9%;however, there was no increase in GR Canada fleabane control from the addition of additional adjuvants. At 8 WAA, all treatments provided > 91% and > 84% control of GR waterhemp and GR Canada fleabane, respectively. This study concludes that the addition of Roundup WeathermAX®to tolpyralate plus atrazine improves the control of GR waterhemp and GR Canada fleabane in corn.

关键词： Biomass Crop Injury Density Sensitivity Weed Control Yield Amaranthus tuberculatus Conyza canadensis L. Cronq

运用核糖体18S rRNA基因序列鉴别两种红藻

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中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版） 2006年第6期36卷 946-952页

作者：胡自民曾晓起段德麟 alan T.Critchley 中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学部山东青岛266003 中国科学院海洋研究所山东青岛266071 Acadian Seaplants Li mited 30 Brown AvenueDartmouthNova ScotiaB3B 1×8Canada

Chondus crispus（皱波角叉菜）和mastocarpus stellatus是2种形态特征和生境极为相似的红藻，依据外部形态特征很难将它们鉴别开来。本研究测定和分析了这2种红藻的核糖体18SrRNA基因全序列，结果表明：***的18SrRNA基因序列长度和A，T... 详细信息

Chondus crispus（皱波角叉菜）和mastocarpus stellatus是2种形态特征和生境极为相似的红藻，依据外部形态特征很难将它们鉴别开来。本研究测定和分析了这2种红藻的核糖体18SrRNA基因全序列，结果表明：***的18SrRNA基因序列长度和A，T，G，C4种碱基的含量与***差异甚小，但核苷酸差异率达到了2．75％，远超过角叉菜属种内和种间的水平（0．00％～0．45％）。另外，根据该基因序列构建的系统进化树也能清楚的将***和***区别开来，表明核糖体18SrRNA基因可从种的分类水平上对这2种红藻进行分子鉴定，具有广阔的分类学应用前景。

关键词：核糖体18S rRNA 红藻 Chondrus crispus mastocarpus stellatus 分子鉴别

Dielectric Analysis of Response Time in Electrorheological Fluids Developed for medical Devices

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2011年第2期2卷 85-92页

作者： Naullage I. Perera manik Pavan maheswaram Dhruthiman mantheni Dhanuja D. Perera m. Ellen matthews alan Riga Tobili Sam Yellowe Department of Chemistry Cleveland State University

Three electrorheological fluids (ERFs) of recently synthesized *** and Cellulose fluids as well as a commercial product from Fludicon? (Germany), were evaluated with a two-electrode probe unit and by Dielectric Analysis (DEA). The study was a part of an ongoing medical device development project. The dielectric response times were calculated using the critical peak frequency in a corresponding Debye plot of Tan Delta (loss factor/permittivity) vs. log frequency. The DEA revealed the response times (tau, τ) in ms. The Fludicon? ERF was DEA durable (repeat cycles produced same results) and the τ was temperature dependent: 16 ms at 25°C and 0.16 ms at 80°C. The Cellulose ERF was somewhat DEA durable and the τ was 5.5 ms at 25°C and 0.21 ms at 80°C. The response times were logarithmic with the temperature (°C) with a correlation coefficient of >0.98 for the Cellulose and Fludicon? ERFs. The Polyaniline ERF had a τ of 53 ms at 25°C in the 1st DEA run and there was no indication of a τ for the remaining DEA tests.

关键词： ERF Tan Delta DEA Fibrillation Debye Plot Response Time

Influence of Adjuvants on the Efficacy of Tolpyralate plus Atrazine for the Control of Annual Grass and Broadleaf Weeds in Corn with and without Roundup WeathermAX<sup>&reg;</sup>

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第3期11卷 465-495页

作者： Nicole m. Langdon Nader Soltani alan J. Raedar Darren E. Robinson David C. Hooker Peter H. Sikkema University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada ISK Biosciences Inc. Concord OH USA

Tolpyralate is a new HPPD-inhibiting herbicide that is efficacious on annual grass and broadleaf weed species in corn. For maximum herbicide performance of tolpyralate, it is recommended that atrazine is tank mixed with tolpyralate along with the adjuvants methylated seed oil concentrate (mSO) plus urea ammonia nitrate (UAN). A common use pattern of tolpyralate plus atrazine will be in a tank mix with Roundup WeathermAX®due to the high proportion of corn acres that are seeded to Roundup Ready®hybrids in Eastern Canada. There is no information in the peer-reviewed literature if the adjuvant system in Roundup WeathermAX®is adequate for optimal herbicide performance of tolpyralate plus atrazine, or if mSO and UAN are still required. Six field trials were conducted over two years near Ridgetown and Exeter, ON, Canada to determine if adjuvants are still required when tolpyralate plus atrazine is tank mixed with Roundup WeathermAX®in corn. Tolpyralate plus atrazine plus mSO and Roundup WeathermAX®plus tolpyralate plus atrazine provided excellent control of velvetleaf, pigweed spp, common ragweed, lambsquarters, ladysthumb, wild mustard, flower-of-an-hour, barnyardgrass and green foxtail in this study. Results of this study show that in the absence of Roundup WeathermAX®, weed control with tolpyralate plus atrazine was improved substantially with the addition of mSO;however, there was little to no increase in weed control with the addition of UAN. When tolpyralate plus atrazine was co-applied with Roundup WeathermAX®, there was no improvement in weed control with the addition of mSO and/or UAN.

关键词： Biomass Broadleaf Weeds Corn Efficacy Grassweeds Roundup WeathermAX methylated Seed Oil Urea Ammonia Nitrate Weed Control Yield Zea mays L