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Excess dietary Lys reduces feed intake, stimulates jejunal CCK secretion and alters essential and non‑essential blood AA profile in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1336-1346页

作者： maximiliano muller Elout Van Liefferinge alan Tilbrook Robert van Barneveld Eugeni Roura Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality(LANUPRO) Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent University339000 GhentFlandersBelgium Centre for Animal Science Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation and the School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia SunPork Group BrisbaneQueensland 4009Australia

Background Commercial diets are frequently formulated to meet or exceed nutrient levels including those of lim-iting essential amino acids(AA)covering potential individual variations within the ***,the provision of dietary excess of AA,such as Lys,may lead to reduced appetite and growth in *** mechanisms modulat-ing these responses have not been extensively *** study evaluated the effect of Lys dietary excesses on performance and satiety biomarkers in post weaning *** Twenty-four pigs aged 21 d and weighing 6.81±0.12kg(mean±SEm)were individually housed and offered 1 of 4 dietary treatments for 3weeks:a diet containing a standardized ileal digestible Lys reaching 100%(T0),120%(T1),150%(T2)or 200%(T3)of the NRC(2012)*** the end of the experiment,blood samples from the cephalic vein of the T0 and T3 groups were obtained for AA *** addition,primary intestinal cultures from T0 pigs were used,following their humane killing,to evaluate the effect of Lys on gut hormone secretion and AA sensors gene expression under ex vivo *** Feed intake was linearly reduced(Pmetabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and the solute carrier family 7 member 2(Pmal jejunum tissues incubated with Lys at 20mmol/L when compared to the control(Lys 0mmol/L).Plasma Lys and Glu(Pmpared to T0 *** contrast,plasma levels of His,Val,Thr,Leu(Pm that excess dietary Lys inhibits hunger in ***,the results provide evidence of pre-and post-absorptive mechanisms modulating these *** dietary excesses should be nar-rowed,when possible,to avoid negative effects of

关键词： Amino acid Blood Cholecystokinin Feed intake Lysine Pig Satiety

Soleus arthrogenic muscle inhibition following acute lateral ankle sprain correlates with symptoms and ankle disability but not with postural control

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 559-568,F0003页

作者： Kyung-min Kim Joo-Sung Kim alan R.Needle Department of Sport Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-si 16419Republic of Korea Department of Health and Human Performance Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA Department of Public Health&Exercise Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA Department of Rehabilitation Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA

Background:Acute lateral ankle sprains(ALAS)are associated with long-term impairments and instability tied to altered neural *** muscle inhibition(AmI)has been observed in this population;however,relationships with injury-related impairments are unclear,potentially due to the resting,prone position in which AmI is typically *** AmI during bipedal stance may provide a better understanding of this ***:AmI was assessed in 38 young adults(19 ALAS within 72 h of injury:10 males,21.4±2.7 years;19 healthy controls:10 males,21.9±2.2 years;mean±SD)using the Hoffmann reflex(H-reflex)during bipedal *** stimulation was administered to identify the _(max)imal H-reflex(H_(max))and _(max)imal motor response(m_(max))from the soleus,fibularis longus,and tibialis anterior *** primary outcome measure was the H_(max)/m_(max) *** outcomes included acute symptoms(pain and swelling),postural control during bipedal stance,and self-reported ***:No significant group-by-limb interactions were observed for any ***,a significant group main effect was observed in the soleus muscle(F(1,35)=6.82,p=0.013),indicating significantly lower H_(max)/m_(max) ratios following ALAS(0.38±0.20)compared to healthy controls(0.53±0.16).Furthermore,lower H_(max)/m_(max) ratios in the soleus significantly correlated with acute symptoms and self-reported function but not with postural ***:This study supports previous evidence of AmI in patients with ALAS,providing insight into neurophysiologic impacts of musculoskeletal *** results suggest that assessing AmI in a standing position following acute injury may provide valuable insight into how AmI develops and guide potential therapeutic options to curb and offset the formation of joint instability.

关键词： Acute injuries Balance Hoffmann reflex Neural excitability Patient-reported outcomes

A Study of Radiation-Induced Telomere Instability Using multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (mLPA)

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2024年第3期14卷 73-85页

作者： alan Chant Ahmad Chaudary Christina m. Kraemer-Chant Department of microbiology and molecular Genetics University of Vermont Burlington VT USA Department of Public and Allied Health Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH USA Department of Chemistry Saint Michaels College Colchester VT USA

The integrity of the chromosomes for two WIL2-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (TK6 and WTK1) in the presence and absence of ionizing radiation was analyzed by multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (mLPA). The TK6 cell line has the native p53 tumor-suppressor gene, whereas WTK1 cells contain a p53 mutation. Each cell line was isolated pre- and post-irradiation (2 and 3 Gy) and analyzed by mLPA. The impact of irradiation on these two cell lines was investigated using probes that target specific regions on chromosomes associated with subtelomeric regions. Results indicate that WTK1 and TK6 are impacted differently after irradiation, and that each cell line presents its own unique mLPA profile. The most notable differences are the appearance of a number of probes in the post-irradiated mLPA profile that are not present in the controls, and two unique probe signals only seen in WTK1 cells. These results build on our previous studies that indicate how different human cell lines can be affected by radiation in significantly different ways depending on the presence or absence of wild type p53.

关键词： Ionizing Radiation multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (mLPA) p53 Tumor Suppressor Telomere Instability

Stable multi-electron reaction stimulated by W doping VS_(4)for enhancing magnesium storage performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 89-98,I0004页

作者： Yuxin Tian Jiankang Chen Guofeng Wang Bing Sun alan meng Lei Wang Guicun Li Jianfeng Huang Shiqi Ding Zhenjiang Li College of materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042ShandongChina Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science MOEShandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical AnalysisCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042ShandongChina School of material Science and Engineering International S&T Cooperation Foundation of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’an Key Laboratory of Green Manufacture of Ceramic MaterialsShaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021ShaanxiChina

Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RmBs)hold promise for offering higher volumetric energy density and safety features,attracting increasing research interest as the next post lithium-ion *** high performance cathode material by inducing multi-electron reaction process as well as maintaining structural stability is the key to the development and application of ***,multielectron reaction occurred in VS_(4)by simple W doping strategy.W doping induces valence of partial V as V^(2+)and V^(3+)in VS_(4)structure,and then stimulates electrochemical reaction involving multi-electrons in 0.5%*** flower-like microsphere morphology as well as rich S vacancies is also modulated by W doping to neutralize structure change in such multi-electron reaction *** fabricated 0.5%W-V-S delivers higher specific capacity(149.3 m A h g^(-1)at 50 m A g^(-1),which is 1.6 times higher than that of VS_(4)),superior rate capability(76 mA h g^(-1)at 1000 mA g^(-1)),and stable cycling performance(1500cycles with capacity retention ratio of 93.8%).Besides that,pesudocapaticance-like contribution analysis as well as galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)further confirms the enhanced mg^(2+)storage kinetics during such multi-electron involved electrochemical reaction *** discovery provides new insights into the designing of multi-electron reaction process in cathode as well as neutralizing structural change during such reaction for realizing superior electrochemical performance in energy storage devices.

关键词： multi-electron reaction W doping Stable structure Cathode Rechargeable magnesium batteries

Insight into the synergistic effect of defect and strong interface coupling on ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/CoIn_(2)S_(4)heterostructure for boosting photocatalytic H_(2) evolution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 151-161页

作者： Xuehua Wang Tianyu Shi Xianghu Wang Aili Song Guicun Li Lei Wang Jianfeng Huang alan meng Zhenjiang Li College of materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042ShandongChina Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science MOECollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042ShandongChina Qingdao Huanghai University Qingdao 266000ShandongChina School of material Science and Engineering International S&T Cooperation Foundation of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’an Key Laboratory of Green Manufacture of Ceramic MaterialsShaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021ShaanxiChina

Steering the directional carrier migration across the interface is a central mission for efficient photocatalytic *** this work,an atomic-shared heterointerface is constructed between the defect-rich ZnIn_(2)S_(4)(HVs-ZIS)and CoIn_(2)S_(4)(CIS)via a defect-guided heteroepitaxial growth *** strong interface coupling induces adequate carriers exchanging passageway between HVs-ZIS and CIS,enhancing the internal electric field(IEF)in the ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/CoIn_(2)S_(4)(HVs-ZIS/CIS)*** defect structure in HVs-ZIS induces an additional defect level,improving the separation efficiency of ***,promoted by the IEF and intimate heterointerface,photogenerated electrons trapped by the defect level can migrate to the valence band of CIS,contributing to massive photogenerated electrons with intense reducibility in HVs-ZIS/***,the HVs-ZIS/CIS heterostructure performs a boosted H_(2)evolution activity of 33.65 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1).This work highlights the synergistic effects of defect and strong interface coupling in regulating carrier transfer and paves a brave avenue for constructing efficient heterostructure photocatalysts.

关键词： Defect-guided heteroepitaxial growth Heterointerface coupling Photocatalytic H_(2)evolution mechanism HVs-ZIS/CIS

Finding biomarkers of experience in animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 925-944页

作者： Sarah Babington alan J.Tilbrook Shane K.maloney Jill N.Fernandes Tamsyn m.Crowley Luoyang Ding Archa H.Fox Song Zhang Elise A.Kho Daniel Cozzolino Timothy J.mahony Dominique Blache School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia Centre for Animal Science The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Human Sciences The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia School of medicine Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3217Australia Poultry Hub Australia University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2350Australia College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

At a time when there is a growing public interest in animal welfare,it is critical to have objective means to assess the way that an animal experiences a *** is critical to ensure appropriate animal welfare *** behavioural,physiological,and neurobiological indicators that are used to assess animal welfare can verify the absence of extremely negative *** welfare is more than an absence of negative outcomes and an appropriate indicator should reflect the full spectrum of experience of an animal,from negative to *** this review,we draw from the knowledge of human biomedical science to propose a list of candidate biological markers(biomarkers)that should reflect the experiential state of non-human *** proposed biomarkers can be classified on their main function as endocrine,oxidative stress,non-coding molecular,and thermobiological *** also discuss practical challenges that must be addressed before any of these biomarkers can become useful to assess the experience of an animal in real-life.

关键词： Animal experience Animal welfare Biomarker Stress Welfare assessment

Bulking Up the Bay-Position Substituents Enables Enhanced Selectivity of C_(s)‑Symmetric Boron Subphthalocyanine−Subnaphthalocyanine Hybrids

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Precision Chemistry 2024年第4期2卷 161-181页

作者： Nina F.Farac alan J.Lough Timothy P.Bender Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E5Canada Department of Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3H6Canada Department of materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E4Canada Department of mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G8Canada

The precise synthesis of subporphyrinoid hybrids withπ-expanded topologies and unique material properties plays a promising role in the design of functional ***,selective,and controllable routes to boron subphthalocyanine−subnaphthalocyanine hybrids,Bsub(Pc_(3‑p)-Nc_(p))s,are desirable for this purpose yet synthetically challenging due to random mixtures of C_(s-),C_(3v-),and,in some cases,C_(1)-symmetric compounds that form during traditional statistical mixed ***,we addressed this issue by developing a sterically driven mixed cyclotrimerization with enhanced selectivity for the targeted C_(s)-symmetric hybrid and complete suppression of sterically crowded macrocyclic *** process,coupled with a rationally designed precursor bearing bulky phenyl substituents,enabled the synthesis and characterization of bay-position phenylated Ph_(2)-(R_(p))_(8)Bsub(Pc_(2)-Nc_(1))hybrids with halogens(Rp=Cl or F)in their peripheral isoindole *** selectivity ranged between 59 and 72%with remarkable yields,significantly higher than that of conventional mixed *** findings were augmented by theoretical calculations on precursor Lewis basicity as guiding principles into hybrid macrocycle ***,the incorporation of unfused phenyl groups and halogen atoms into the hybrid framework resulted in fine-tuned optical,structural,electronic,and electrochemical *** straightforward approach achieved improved selectivity and controlled narrowing of the product distribution,affording the efficient synthesis of structurally sophisticated Bsub(Pc_(2)-Nc_(1))*** then expands the library of 3-dimensionalπ-extended macrocycles for use in a range of applications,such as in optoelectronic devices with precisely tailored optical properties.

关键词： subphthalocyanine hybrids low-symmetry aromatic macrocycle selective cyclotrimerization sterically driven chemistry broad absorption material properties

Effect of biochar on the metabolome of soybean seedlings

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第1期9卷 60-68页

作者： Nathalia E.Silva mariana G.Aguilar Osania E.Ferreira Gleicia m.Paulino Jaqueline C.L.Carvalho Lúcia P.S.Pimenta alan R.T.machado Programa de Pos-graduaçao em Ciencias Ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisFrutalMinas Gerais38202-436Brazil Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBelo Horizonte31270-901Brazil Departamento de Engenharia Aplicada e Tecnologias Ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil Departamento de Ciencias Exatas Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil

The use of biochar can have several effects on plant germination,depending on raw material,preparation method and application ***,the molecular mechanisms that lead to those results have yet to be *** aim of this research was to improve the understanding of these mechanisms by characterizing the metabolic effects of sugarcane bagasse biochar on soybean *** types of biochars were prepared by pyrolysis at 300℃(SCB300),400℃(SCB400)and 600℃(SCB600).Then,each one was mixed into sand at 1%,3%,5%(w/w)dose,*** experiment was performed in 8 days of incubation,when the number of germinated seeds and the average radicle length were *** evaluate the metabolome,the dry biomass(DB)was subjected to extraction with a mixture of methanol-d4 and D2O(1:1 v/v).The extracts were submitted to metabolomics analysis by Proton Nuclear magnetic *** Relative Germination,Relative Average Radicle Growth and Germination Index increased in all treatments compared to *** the other hand,the DB increased in all treatments,except for SCB300,at doses of 1%and 3%w/*** metabolites(alanine,asparagine,acetic acid,citric acid,glycerol,fatty acids and sucrose)were identified and quantified in DB extracts as the most influential finding for the separation of *** together,these results strongly suggested that biochars accelerated the catabolism of triacylglycerols to sucrose and induced a slight osmotic stress.

关键词： Germination metabolomics 1H NmR Pyrolysis Sugarcane bagasse

Tensile Strain Capacity Prediction of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Using Soft Computing Techniques

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2925-2954页

作者： Rabar H.Faraj Hemn Unis Ahmed Hardi Saadullah Fathullah alan Saeed Abdulrahman Farid Abed Civil Engineering Department University of HalabjaHalabjaIraq University of Sulaimani College of EngineeringCivil Engineering DepartmentSulaimaniIraq Civil Engineering Department Komar University of Science and TechnologySulaimaniIraq Department of Engineering Kurdistan Institution for Strategic Studies and Scientific ResearchesSulaimaniIraq Department of Civil Engineering American University of SharjahSharjah26666UAE

Plain concrete is strong in compression but brittle in tension,having a low tensile strain capacity that can significantly degrade the long-term performance of concrete structures,even when steel reinforcing is *** order to address these challenges,short polymer fibers are randomly dispersed in a cement-based matrix to forma highly ductile engineered cementitious composite(ECC).Thismaterial exhibits high ductility under tensile forces,with its tensile strain being several hundred times greater than conventional *** concrete is inherently weak in tension,the tensile strain capacity(TSC)has become one of the most extensively researched *** a result,developing a model to predict the TSC of the ECC and to optimize the mixture proportions becomes ***,the effort required for laboratory trial batches to determine the TSC is *** achieve the research objectives,five distinct models,artificial neural network(ANN),nonlinear model(NLR),linear relationship model(LR),multi-logistic model(mLR),and m5P-tree model(m5P),are investigated and employed to predict the TSCof ECCmixtures containing fly *** from115 mixtures are gathered and analyzed to develop a new *** input variables include mixture proportions,fiber length and diameter,and the time required for curing the various *** model’s effectiveness is evaluated and verified based on statistical parameters such as R2,mean absolute error(mAE),scatter index(SI),root mean squared error(RmSE),and objective function(OBJ)***,the ANN model outperforms the others in predicting the TSC of the ECC,with RmSE,mAE,OBJ,SI,and R2 values of 0.42%,0.3%,0.33%,0.135%,and 0.98,respectively.

关键词： Engineered cementitious composites fly ash curing time tensile strain capacity modeling