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Spray freeze drying of small nucleic acids as inhaled powder for pulmonary delivery

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2018年第2期13卷 163-172页

作者： Wanling liang alan y.l.chan Michael y.T.Chow Fiona F.K.lo yingshan Qiu Philip C.l.Kwok Jenny K.W.lam Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Advanced Drug Delivery Group Faculty of Pharmacy The University of Sydney

The therapeutic potential of small nucleic acids such as small interfering RNA(siRNA) to treat lung diseases has been successfully demonstrated in many in vivo studies. A major barrier to their clinical application is the lack of a safe and efficient inhaled *** this study, spray freeze drying was employed to prepare dry powder of small nucleic *** and herring sperm DNA were used as bulking agent and model of small nucleic acid therapeutics, respectively. Formulations containing different solute concentration and DNA concentration were produced. The scanning electron microscope(SEM) images showed that the porosity of the particles increased as the solute concentration decreased. Powders prepared with solute concentration of 5% w/v were found to maintain a balance between porosity and robustness. Increasing concentration of DNA improved the aerosol performance of the formulation. The dry powder formulation containing 2% w/w DNA had a median diameter of 12.5 μm, and the aerosol performance study using next generation impactor(NGI) showed an emitted fraction(EF) and fine particle fraction(FPF) of 91% and 28% respectively. This formulation(5% w/v solute concentration and 2% w/w nucleic acid) was adopted subsequently to produce siRNA powder. The gel retardation and liquid chromatography assays showed that the siRNA remained intact after spray freeze drying even in the absence of delivery vector. The siRNA powder formulation exhibited a high EF of 92.4%and a modest FPF of around 20%. Further exploration of this technology to optimise inhaled siRNA powder formulation is warranted.

关键词： Inhalation Pulmonary delivery Small interfering RNA Spray freeze drying

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Excess dietary lys reduces feed intake, stimulates jejunal CCK secretion and alters essential and non‑essential blood AA profile in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1336-1346页

作者： Maximiliano Muller Elout Van liefferinge alan Tilbrook Robert van Barneveld Eugeni Roura Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality(lANUPRO) Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent University339000 GhentFlandersBelgium Centre for Animal Science Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation and the School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia SunPork Group BrisbaneQueensland 4009Australia

Background Commercial diets are frequently formulated to meet or exceed nutrient levels including those of lim-iting essential amino acids(AA)covering potential individual variations within the ***,the provision of dietary excess of AA,such as lys,may lead to reduced appetite and growth in *** mechanisms modulat-ing these responses have not been extensively *** study evaluated the effect of lys dietary excesses on performance and satiety biomarkers in post weaning *** Twenty-four pigs aged 21 d and weighing 6.81±0.12kg(mean±SEM)were individually housed and offered 1 of 4 dietary treatments for 3weeks:a diet containing a standardized ileal digestible lys reaching 100%(T0),120%(T1),150%(T2)or 200%(T3)of the NRC(2012)*** the end of the experiment,blood samples from the cephalic vein of the T0 and T3 groups were obtained for AA *** addition,primary intestinal cultures from T0 pigs were used,following their humane killing,to evaluate the effect of lys on gut hormone secretion and AA sensors gene expression under ex vivo *** Feed intake was linearly reduced(Py levels of lys during the third-and first-week post weaning,*** con-centration(Plutamate receptor 1 and the solute carrier family 7 member 2(Pl jejunum tissues incubated with lys at 20mmol/l when compared to the control(lys 0mmol/l).Plasma lys and Glu(Plasma levels of His,Val,Thr,leu(Pln(Plower in T3 than T0 *** The present results confirm that excess dietary lys inhibits hunger in ***,the results provide evidence of pre-and post-absorptive mechanisms modulating these *** dietary excesses should be nar-rowed,when possible,to avoid negative effects of

关键词： Amino acid Blood Cholecystokinin Feed intake lysine Pig Satiety

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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger Anne M.lynch alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove Karen l.Christopher Richard S.Davidson Michael J.Taravella Naresh Mandava Jennifer l.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:yAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for ***,observed surgical complicatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

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Effect of biochar on the metabolome of soybean seedlings

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第1期9卷 60-68页

作者： Nathalia E.Silva Mariana G.Aguilar Osania E.Ferreira Gleicia M.Paulino Jaqueline C.l.Carvalho lúcia P.S.Pimenta alan R.T.Machado Programa de Pos-graduaçao em Ciencias Ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisFrutalMinas Gerais38202-436Brazil Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBelo Horizonte31270-901Brazil Departamento de Engenharia Aplicada e Tecnologias Ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil Departamento de Ciencias Exatas Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil

The use of biochar can have several effects on plant germination,depending on raw material,preparation method and application ***,the molecular mechanisms that lead to those results have yet to be *** aim of this research was to improve the understanding of these mechanisms by characterizing the metabolic effects of sugarcane bagasse biochar on soybean *** types of biochars were prepared by pyrolysis at 300℃(SCB300),400℃(SCB400)and 600℃(SCB600).Then,each one was mixed into sand at 1%,3%,5%(w/w)dose,*** experiment was performed in 8 days of incubation,when the number of germinated seeds and the average radicle length were *** evaluate the metabolome,the dry biomass(DB)was subjected to extraction with a mixture of methanol-d4 and D2O(1:1 v/v).The extracts were submitted to metabolomics analysis by Proton Nuclear Magnetic *** Relative Germination,Relative Average Radicle Growth and Germination Index increased in all treatments compared to *** the other hand,the DB increased in all treatments,except for SCB300,at doses of 1%and 3%w/*** metabolites(alanine,asparagine,acetic acid,citric acid,glycerol,fatty acids and sucrose)were identified and quantified in DB extracts as the most influential finding for the separation of *** together,these results strongly suggested that biochars accelerated the catabolism of triacylglycerols to sucrose and induced a slight osmotic stress.

关键词： Germination Metabolomics 1H NMR Pyrolysis Sugarcane bagasse

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Why Sustainable Porous Carbon Should be Further Explored as Radar-Absorbing Material? A Comparative Study with Different Nanostructured Carbons

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第10期12卷 1639-1659页

作者： alan F.N.Boss Manuella G.C.Munhoz Gisele Amaral-labat Rodrigo G.A.lima leonardo I.Medeiros Nila C.F.l.Medeiros Beatriz C.S.Fonseca Flavia l.Braghiroli Guilherme F.B.lenz e Silva Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering University of de São PauloAvenida Mello MoraesCidade UniversitáriaSão PauloSP 05508-030Brazil Coordination of Applied Research and Technological Development National Institute for Space ResearchAvenida dos AstronautasJardim da GranjaSão Josédos CamposSP 12227-010Brazil Department of Exact and Technological Sciences Santa Cruz State UniversityRodovia Jorge Amadokm16IlhéusBA 45662900Brazil Institut de recherche sur les forêts Universitédu Québec en Abitibi-TémiscamingueRouyn-Noranda445 Bd de l’UniversitéRouyn-NorandaQC J9X 5E4Canada

Radar Absorbing Materials(RAM)are a class of composites that can attenuate incident electromagnetic waves to avoid radar *** carbon allotropes that have the potential to be used as RAM are either carbon nano-tubes(CNTs),graphene,carbon black(CB)and ultimately,sustainable porous carbon(SPC).Here,black wattle bark waste(following tannin extraction)was used as a sustainable source to produce SPC made from biomass *** was characterized and used as aﬁller for a silicone rubber matrix to produce aﬂexible *** elec-tromagnetic performance of this composite was compared with composites made with commercial CB and CNT through reﬂection loss(Rl),where-10 dB is equivalent to 90%of *** composites were evaluated in single-layer,double-layer,and as radar absorbing structures(RAS)with the aim of improving their effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)performances and a reduction in *** CNT composite presented a Rl of-26.85 dB at 10.89 GHz and an EAB of 2.6 GHz with a 1.9 mm thickness,while the double-layer structures using CNT and SPC provided a Rl of-19.74 dB at 10.75 GHz and an EAB of 2.51 ***,the double-layer structures are~42%cheaper than the composite using only CNT since less material is ***,the largest EAB was achieved with a RAS using SPC,reaching~2.8 GHz and a Rl of-49.09 dB at 10.4 ***,SPC made of black wattle bark waste can be a competitive,alternative material for use as RAM and RAS since it is cheaper,sustainable,and suitable for daily life uses such as absorbers for anechoic chambers,sensors,and elec-tromagnetic interference shields for electronics,wallets,vehicles,and others.

关键词： Microwave absorption material tannin waste dielectric constant carbon composite reﬂectivity

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Manipulation of photosensory and circadian signaling restricts phenotypic plasticity in response to changing environmental conditions in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1458-1471页

作者： Martin William Battle Scott Fraser Ewing Cathryn Dickson Joseph Obaje Kristen N.Edgeworth Rebecca Bindbeutel Rea lAntoniou-Kourounioti Dmitri A.Nusinow Matthew alan Jones Plant Science Group School of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA Present address:School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L22QPUK

Plants exploit phenotypic plasticity to adapt their growth and development to prevailing environmental *** of light and temperature signals is aided by the circadian system,which provides a temporal *** plasticity provides a selective and competitive advantage in nature but is obstructive during large-scale,intensive agricultural practices since economically important traits(including vegetative growth and flowering time)can vary widely depending on local environmental *** prevents accurate prediction of harvesting times and produces a variable *** this study,we sought to restrict phenotypic plasticity and circadian regulation by manipulating signaling systems that govern plants'responses to environmental *** modeling of plant growth and develop-ment predicted reduced plant responses to changing environments when circadian and light signaling pathways were *** tested this prediction by utilizing a constitutively active allele of the plant photoreceptor phytochrome B,along with disruption of the circadian systemvia mutation of *** found that these manipulations produced plants that are less responsive to light and temper-ature cues and thus fail to anticipate *** engineered plants have uniform vegetative growth and flowering time,demonstrating how phenotypic plasticity can be limited while maintaining plant *** has significant implications for future agriculture in both open fields and controlled environments.

关键词： circadian developmental plasticity phenotypic plasticity external coincidence light temperature

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补体相关蛋白在HIV/AIDS湿热内蕴证患者中的差异性表达

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中国艾滋病性病 2024年第6期30卷 579-583页

作者：孙雪晴王亚楠张海燕冯龙 David y.W.lee 苏铄涵徐立然 alan Wang 李青雅河南中医药大学中医学院郑州450000 河南中医药大学第一附属医院郑州450000 河南中医药大学医学院郑州450000 Harvard Medical School MA Boston 02115 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of Auckland University New Zealand 6000

目的探讨补体系统相关因子在HIV/AIDS患者中及其与HIV/AIDS湿热内蕴证侯的表达特征。方法共纳入2023年3-5月于广西壮族自治区某地区就诊的HIV/AIDS患者(简称HIV组),其中包括HIV/AIDS湿热内蕴证患者组(简称HIVsr组)与HIV/AIDS无证可辨... 详细信息

目的探讨补体系统相关因子在HIV/AIDS患者中及其与HIV/AIDS湿热内蕴证侯的表达特征。方法共纳入2023年3-5月于广西壮族自治区某地区就诊的HIV/AIDS患者(简称HIV组),其中包括HIV/AIDS湿热内蕴证患者组(简称HIVsr组)与HIV/AIDS无证可辨患者组(简称HIVwz组)及同期在门诊进行体检的健康对照组。收集其基本信息并采集抗凝血液,应用流式细胞术检测T细胞亚群数量,酶联免疫吸附试验检测补体相关因子血浆表达水平,对数据进行统计分析。结果共纳入HIV组45例,其中包括HIVsr组30例与HIVwz组15例,与健康对照组15例。免疫指标对比中,HIVsr组与健康对照组相比TH/TS表达下降(Pl等12个因子表达均下降(Pl-6、TNF-α表达显著降低(P<0.05);HIVsr组因子C3aR与湿热内蕴证证候学量表积分呈负相关(r=-0.613,P<0.05),多元线性回归分析显示C3aR是量表积分的影响因素。结论补体系统中经典及凝集素通路参与HIV/AIDS患者病理过程,且HIV/AIDS湿热内蕴证患者的证候生物学基础与经典通路相关。C3aR对临床诊断HIV/AIDS湿热内蕴证患者有一定鉴别价值。

关键词：艾滋病湿热内蕴证补体证候诊断

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太平洋十年涛动对全球地表气温变化的影响足迹

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 445-448页

作者：梁莉莉 alan D.Ziegler 陈德亮 Philippe Ciais 李肇新梁时婧王大山徐荣嵘曾振中 School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China SUSTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources Mae Jo UniversityChiang Mai 50000Thailand Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement UniversitéParis-SaclayGif-sur-Yvette 91191France laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Centre national de la recherche scientifiqueSorbonne UniversitéÉcole Normale SupérieureÉcole PolytechniqueParis 75000France Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Sea surface temperature modes have been found to modulate anthropogenic global warming rates on annual and decadal timescales,sometimes leading to periods of“slowdown”despite increasing greenhouse gas emissions^([1]).

关键词：太平洋十年涛动地表气温 greenhouse

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Targeted nanoparticles for the non-invasive detection of traumatic brain injury by optical imaging and fluorine magnetic resonance imaging

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Nano Research 2016年第5期9卷 1276-1289页

作者： luis Javier Cruz Ivo Que Markus Aswendt alan chan Mathias Hoehn Clemens lowik Nanomedicine and Molecular Imaging Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical Center 2333ZA Leiden the Netherlands In-Vivo-NMR laboratory Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research Cologne D-50931 Cologne Germany Percuros 7522NB Enschede the Netherlands

Necrosis is a form of cell death that occurs only under pathological conditions such as ischemic diseases and traumatic brain injury （TBI）. Non-invasive imaging of the affected tissue is a key component of novel therapeutic interventions and measurement of treatment responses in patients. Here, we report a bimodal approach for the detection and monitoring of TBI. PEGylated poly（lactic-coglycolic acid）（PlGA） nanoparticles （NPs）, encapsulating both near infrared （NIR） fluorophores and perfluorocarbons （PFCs）, were targeted to necrotic ceils. We used cyanine dyes such as IRDye 800CW, for which we have previously demonstrated specific targeting to intracellular proteins of cells that have lost membrane integrity. Here, we show specific in vivo detection of necrosis by optical imaging and fluorine magnetic resonance imaging （^19F MRI） using newly designed PlGA NP（NIR700 ＋ PFC）-PEG-800CW. Quantitative ex vivo optical imaging and ^19F MR spectroscopy of NIR-PFC content in injured brain regions and in major organs were well correlated. Both modalities allowed the in vivo identification of necrotic brain lesions in a mouse model of TBI, with optical imaging being more sensitive than ^19F MRI. Our results confirm increased blood pool residence time of PlGA NPs coated with a PEG layer and the successful targeting of TBI-damaged tissue. A single PlGA NP containing NIR-PFC enables both rapid qualitative optical monitoring of the TBI state and quantitative 3D information from deeper tissues on the extent of the lesion by MRI. These necrosis-targeting PlGA NPs can potentially be used for clinical diagnosis of brain injuries.

关键词： imaging nanoparticles contrast agents magnetic resonance imaging brain injury stroke

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Deciphering the fiber quality of Gossypium barbadense *** in la Convención,Cusco,Perú

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第3期7卷 231-242页

作者： MORAlES-ARANIBAR luis SAENZ Manuel Canto MORAlES-ARANIBAR Carlos Genaro RIVERA Marite yulisa Nieves AGUIlERA Jorge González STEINER Fábio BARDIVIESSO Diógenes Martins ZUFFO alan Mario National Intercultural University of Quillabamba Cusco 08741Peru Universidad Nacional Agraria la Molina(UNAlM) Lima 012Peru Graduate School Jorge Basadre Grohmann National UniversityTacna 583000Peru National Institute of Agrarian Innovation(INIA) Lima 15024Peru Department of Agronomy State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS)Cassilândia 79540‑000MSBrazil Department of Agronomy State University of Maranhão(UEMA)Balsas 65800‑000MABrazil

Background The quality of cotton fiber determines its value in the textile market,influencing agricultural profitability and the efficiency of textile *** selection of genotypes with superior fibers is a key factor for genetic improvement programs seeking adaptability and sustainability in the face of climate *** demonstrates the strategic importance of this plant for sustainable agriculture and the global textile *** objective of this research was to decipher the fiber quality of Gossypium barbadense *** in the native Amazonian communities of la Convención,Cusco-Perú,and to evaluate other critical aspects of native cotton that have not yet been *** methodology included non-probability sampling for accessibility,qualitative and quantitative analyses,and multivariate *** fiber length(mm),micronaire index(maturity/fineness),fiber strength(gf/tex),length uniformity index(%),fiber elongation(%),maturation index(%),and short fiber index(%)were the fiber characteristics evaluated using the HVI method in cotton *** Cotton accessions collected from Koribeni(Gossypium spp.)and Shivankoreni(Gossypium barbadense ***)stood out for their fiber quality properties,especially length,strength,and uniformity,which highlights their relevance for advanced textile applications and potential for use in plant genetic improvement *** These findings reinforce the need to conserve and study these native cotton accessions from the Peruvian Amazon region,which can offer promising perspectives for the textile industry and agricultural biodiversity.

关键词： Cotton Sustainability Amazonian communities Cotton fiber quality

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