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A comparative in vitro study on the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on chemosensitivity to doxorubicin in MCF-7 breast cancer cells

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Oncology Research 2024年第5期32卷 817-830页

作者： SHAHID KARIM ALANOUD NAHER ALGHANMI MAHA JAMAL HUDA ALKREATHY alam JAMAL HIND A.ALKHATABI MOHAMMED BAZUHAIR aftab AHMAD Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Biochemistry College of ScienceUniversity of JeddahJeddah21959Saudi Arabia Health Information Technology Department The Applied CollegeKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Pharmacovigilance and Medication Safety Unit Center of Research Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical IndustriesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

Cancer frequently develops resistance to the majority of chemotherapy *** study aimed to examine the synergistic cytotoxic and antitumor effects of SGLT2 inhibitors,specifically Canagliflozin(CAN),Dapagliflozin(DAP),Empagliflozin(EMP),and Doxorubicin(DOX),using in vitro *** precise combination of CAN+DOX has been found to greatly enhance the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin(DOX)in MCF-7 ***,it was shown that cancer cells exhibit an increased demand for glucose and ATP in order to support their ***,when these medications were combined with DOX,there was a considerable inhibition of glucose consumption,as well as reductions in intracellular ATP and lactate ***,this effect was found to be dependent on the dosages of the *** addition to effectively inhibiting the cell cycle,the combination of CAN+DOX induces substantial modifications in both cell cycle and apoptotic gene *** work represents the initial report on the beneficial impact of SGLT2 inhibitor medications,namely CAN,DAP,and EMP,on the responsiveness to the anticancer properties of *** underlying molecular mechanisms potentially involve the suppression of the function of SGLT2.

关键词： SGLT2 Cancer Cytotoxicity ATP Cell cycle

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Source parameters and aftershock pattern of the October 7,2021,M5.9 Harnai earthquake,Pakistan

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Earthquake Science 2024年第4期37卷 304-323页

作者： Mohammad Tahir Zeeshan Ahmad Sadia Sabahat Muhammad Naveed Mushtaq Talat Iqbal Muhammad Ali Shah alam.aftab Centre for Earthquake Studies National Centre for PhysicsIslamabad 44000Pakistan

On October 7,2021,a magnitude 5.9 earthquake struck the Harnai(Baluchistan)region of Pakistan,causing several fatalities and injuries within the epicentral ***-order tectonic deformation in this region is caused by the convergence of the Indian Plate with respect to the Eurasian *** Katwaz Block hinders the motion of the Indian Plate,resulting in the formation of strike-slip *** this study,the P-wave first-motion polarity technique was used to determine the mainshock faulting *** scanning of the polarity solutions was applied to determine the most suitable focal mechanism solution among the available solutions generated by the FOCMEC(focal mechanism)*** nodal planes correspond to different faulting styles(i.e.,thrust and strike-slip faulting).A nodal plane oriented in the NW-SE direction corresponded to a strike-slip mechanism,which was considered to be the fault ***,this earthquake was associated with the Harnai-Karahi strike-slip fault zone owing to the fault strike and direction of *** apparent stress drop,fault length,and moment magnitude of the Harnai earthquake were 35.4 bar,6.1 km,and 5.9,respectively.A lower b-value for the Gutenberg-Richter law was observed prior to the ***α-than b-values(α>b)indicate that this earthquake was governed by large events as opposed to small-magnitude *** Harnai sequence had a decay exponent close to unity,lasted for 145 days,and produced few *** study will help the future hazard mitigation in the region.

关键词： focal mechanism solution selection of fault plane FPFIT stress inversion oblique slip mechanism

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AMachine Learning Approach to User Profiling for Data Annotation of Online Behavior

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2419-2440页

作者： Moona Kanwal Najeed AKhan aftab A.Khan Computer Science and Information Technology Department NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachiPakistan Computer Engineering Department Sir Syed University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachiPakistan College of Education Health and Human ServicesLongwood UniversityFarmvilleVAUSA

The user’s intent to seek online information has been an active area of research in user *** profiling considers user characteristics,behaviors,activities,and preferences to sketch user intentions,interests,and *** user characteristics can help capture implicit and explicit preferences and intentions for effective user-centric and customized content *** user’s complete online experience in seeking information is a blend of activities such as searching,verifying,and sharing it on social ***,a combination of multiple behaviors in profiling users has yet to be *** research takes a novel approach and explores user intent types based on multidimensional online behavior in information *** research explores information search,verification,and dissemination behavior and identifies diverse types of users based on their online engagement using machine *** research proposes a generic user profile template that explains the user characteristics based on the internet experience and uses it as ground truth for data *** feedback is based on online behavior and practices collected by using a survey *** participants include both males and females from different occupation sectors and different *** data collected is subject to feature engineering,and the significant features are presented to unsupervised machine learning methods to identify user intent classes or profiles and their *** techniques are evaluated,and the K-Mean clustering method successfully generates five user groups observing different user characteristics with an average silhouette of 0.36 and a distortion score of *** average is computed to identify user intent type *** user intent classes are then further generalized to create a user intent template with an Inter-Rater Reliability of 75%.This research successfully extracts different user types based on th

关键词： User intent cluster user profile online search information sharing user behavior search reasons

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A Hybrid and Lightweight Device-to-Server Authentication Technique for the Internet of Things

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3805-3823页

作者： Shaha Al-Otaibi Rahim Khan Hashim Ali aftab Ahmed Khan Amir Saeed Jehad Ali Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan23200Pakistan Department of Computer Science and IT UET PeshawarJalozai Campus PeshawarPeshawar24240Pakistan Department of AI Convergence Network Ajou UniversitySuwon16499South Korea

The Internet of Things(IoT)is a smart networking infrastructure of physical devices,i.e.,things,that are embedded with sensors,actuators,software,and other technologies,to connect and share data with the respective server *** IoTs are cornerstones in different application domains,the device’s authenticity,i.e.,of server(s)and ordinary devices,is the most crucial issue and must be resolved on a priority ***,various field-proven methodologies were presented to streamline the verification process of the communicating devices;however,location-aware authentication has not been reported as per our knowledge,which is a crucial metric,especially in scenarios where devices are *** paper presents a lightweight and location-aware device-to-server authentication technique where the device’s membership with the nearest server is subjected to its location information along with other ***,Media Access Control(MAC)address and Advance Encryption Scheme(AES)along with a secret shared key,i.e.,λ_(i) of 128 bits,have been utilized by Trusted Authority(TA)to generate MaskIDs,which are used instead of the original ID,for every device,i.e.,server and member,and are shared in the offline ***,TA shares a list of authentic devices,i.e.,server S_(j) and members C_(i),with every device in the IoT for the onward verification process,which is required to be executed before the initialization of the actual communication ***,every device should be located such that it lies within the coverage area of a server,and this location information is used in the authentication process.A thorough analytical analysis was carried out to check the susceptibility of the proposed and existing authentication approaches against well-known intruder attacks,i.e.,man-in-the-middle,masquerading,device,and server impersonations,etc.,especially in the IoT ***,proposed authentication and existing state-of-the-art approaches have been s

关键词： Internet of things authenticity security location communication

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Effects of the kinetic pattern of dietary glucose release on nitrogen utilization, the portal amino acid profile, and nutrient transporter expression in intestinal enterocytes in piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2106-2121页

作者： Zexi Li Yunfei Li Yufei Zhao Guifu Wang Rujie Liu Yue Li Qamar aftab Zewei Sun Qingzhen Zhong Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science College of Animal Science and TechnologyKey Lab of Animal ProductionProduct Quality and SecurityMinistry of EducationJilin Agricultural University2888 Xincheng StreetChangchun CityJilin ProvincePeople’s Republic of China Dongfeng County Sika Deer Industry Development Service Center Dongfeng CountyLiaoyuan CityJilin ProvinceChina

Background Promoting the synchronization of glucose and amino acid release in the digestive tract of pigs could effectively improve dietary nitrogen *** rational allocation of dietary starch sources and the exploration of appropriate dietary glucose release kinetics may promote the dynamic balance of dietary glucose and amino acid ***,research on the effects of diets with different glucose release kinetic profiles on amino acid absorption and portal amino acid appearance in piglets is *** study aimed to investigate the effects of the kinetic pattern of dietary glucose release on nitrogen utilization,the portal amino acid profile,and nutrient transporter expression in intestinal enterocytes in *** Sixty-four barrows(15.00±1.12 kg)were randomly allotted to 4 groups and fed diets formulated with starch from corn,corn/barley,corn/sorghum,or corn/cassava combinations(diets were coded A,B,C,or D respectively).Protein retention,the concentrations of portal amino acid and glucose,and the relative expression of amino acid and glucose transporter m RNAs were *** vitro digestion was used to compare the dietary glucose release *** Four piglet diets with different glucose release kinetics were constructed by adjusting starch *** in vivo appearance dynamics of portal glucose were consistent with those of in vitro dietary glucose release *** nitrogen excretion was reduced in the piglets in group B,while apparent nitrogen digestibility and nitrogen retention increased(P<0.05).Regardless of the time(2 h or 4 h after morning feeding),the portal total free amino acids content and contents of some individual amino acids(Thr,Glu,Gly,Ala,and Ile)of the piglets in group B were significantly higher than those in groups A,C,and D(P<0.05).Cluster analysis showed that different glucose release kinetic patterns resulted in different portal amino acid patterns in piglets,which decreased gradually with the

关键词： Glucose release kinetics Nitrogen utilization Nutrient transporter Piglet

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Safety of tranexamic acid in surgically treated isolated spine trauma

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第4期15卷 346-354页

作者： Wajiha Zahra Sandeep Krishan Nayar Ashwin Bhadresha Vinay Jasani Syed aftab Trauma and Orthopedics Department University Hospital of North Midlands NHS TrustStoke-on-Trent ST46QGUnited Kingdom Trauma and Orthopedics Department Royal London HospitalBarts Health InstituteLondon E11BBUnited Kingdom Craniospinal Services University Hospital of North Midlands NHS TrustStokeon-Trent ST46QGUnited Kingdom Spine Department Royal London HospitalBarts Health InstituteLondon E11BBUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Tranexamic acid(TXA),a synthetic antifibrinolytic drug,effectively reduces blood loss by inhibiting plasmin-induced fibrin *** is the first study in the United Kingdom to investigate the effectiveness of TXA in the surgical management of isolated spine *** To assess the safety of TXA in isolated spine *** primary and secondary outcomes are to assess the rate of thromboembolic events and to evaluate blood loss and the incidence of blood transfusion,*** This prospective observational study included patients aged≥17 years with isolated spine trauma requiring surgical intervention over a 6-month period at two major trauma centers in the United *** We identified 67 patients:26(39%)and 41(61%)received and did not receive TXA,*** groups were matched in terms of age,gender,American Society of Anesthesiologists grade,and mechanism of injury.A higher proportion of patients who received TXA had a subaxial cervical spine injury classification or thoracolumbar injury classification score>4(74%vs 56%).All patients in the TXA group underwent an open approach with a mean of 5 spinal levels involved and an average operative time of 203 min,compared with 24 patients(58%)in the non TXA group who underwent an open approach with an average of 3 spinal levels involved and a mean operative time of 159 *** patients who received TXA,blood loss was<150 and 150–300 mL in 8(31%)and 15(58%)patients,*** were no cases of thromboembolic events in any patient who received *** Our study demonstrated that TXA is safe for isolated spine *** is challenging to determine whether TXA effectively reduces blood loss because most surgeons prefer TXA for open or multilevel ***,larger studies are necessary to explore the rate,dosage,and mode of administration of TXA.

关键词： Tranexamic acid Infection Trauma Thromboembolic disease Minimally invasive Percutaneous

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M_(4)X_(3) MXenes:Application in Energy Storage Devices

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 522-542页

作者： Iftikhar Hussain Waqas Ul Arifeen Shahid Ali Khan Sikandar aftab Muhammad Sufyan Javed Sajjad Hussain Muhammad Ahmad Xi Chen Jiyun Zhao PRosaiah Khaled Fahmi Fawy Adnan Younis Sumanta Sahoo Kaili Zhang Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon TongHong KongPeople's Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityDaehak-roGyeongsan-siGyeongbuk-do 38541South Korea Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering and Clean Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Physics Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)ThandalamChennai 602105India Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 900461413 AbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceUnited Arab Emirates UniversityP.O.Box 15551Al-AinUnited Arab Emirates School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk 38541South Korea

MXene has garnered widespread recognition in the scientific com-munity due to its remarkable properties,including excellent thermal stability,high conductivity,good hydrophilicity and dispersibility,easy processability,tunable surface properties,and admirable *** have been categorized into different families based on the number of M and X layers in M_(n+1)X_(n),such as M_(2)X,M_(3)X_(2),M_(4)X_(3),and,recently,M_(5)X_(4).Among these families,M_(2)X and M_(3)X_(2),par-ticularly Ti_(3)C_(2),have been greatly explored while limited studies have been given to M_(5)X_(4)MXene ***,studies on the M_(4)X_(3)MXene family have developed recently,hence,demanding a compilation of evaluated ***,this review provides a systematic overview of the latest advancements in M_(4)X_(3)MXenes,focusing on their properties and applications in energy storage *** objective of this review is to provide guidance to researchers on fostering M_(4)X_(3)MXene-based nanomaterials,not only for energy storage devices but also for broader applications.

关键词： MXene M_(4)X_(3)MXenes 2D materials Energy storage Properties

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Why would sea-level rise for global warming and polar ice-melt?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第2期10卷 481-494页

作者： aftab alam Khan Department of Geology University of Dhaka

Two major causes of global sea level rise such as thermal expansion of the oceans and the loss of landbased ice for increased melting have been claimed by some researchers and recognized by the ***, other climate threat investigators revealed that atmosphere-ocean modeling is an imperfect representation, paleo-data consist of proxy climate information with ambiguities, and modern observations are limited in scope and accuracy. It is revealed that global warming and polar ice-melt although a reality would not contribute to any sea level rise. Floating-ice of the polar region on melting would reoccupy same displaced volume by floating ice-sheets. Land-ice cover in the polar region on melting can reduce load from the crust to activate elastic rebound that would raise land for its isostatic *** characteristics would not contribute to sea level rise. Equatorial bulge, polar flattening, elevation difference of the spheroidal surface between equator and pole with lower in the pole, strong gravity attraction of the polar region and week gravity attraction of the equatorial region, all these phenomena would play dominant role in preventing sea level rise. Palaeo-sea level rise and fall in macro-scale(10-100 m or so) were related to marine transgression and regression in addition to other geologic events like converging and diverging plate tectonics, orogenic uplift of the collision margin, basin subsidence of the extensional crust, volcanic activities in the oceanic region, prograding delta buildup, ocean floor height change and sub-marine mass avalanche. This study also reveals that geophysical shape, gravity attraction and the centrifugal force of spinning and rotation of the earth would continue acting against sea level rise.

关键词： Global warming Polar ice-melt Equatorial bulge Polar flattening Geologic events Sea level rise

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Exogenous application of bio-stimulants and growth retardants improve nutrient absorption and fiber quality in upland cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 137-147页

作者： Al-Khayri Jameel M. Arif Muhammad Kareem Shadia Hama Salih Anwar Adeel Dehghanisanij Hossein Emami Somayeh Yasmeen Azra aftab Komal Negm Mohamed Department of Agricultural Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal University31982 Al‑AhsaSaudi Arabia Water Resources Zone Irrigation Department PunjabD.G.KhanPakistan Department of Biotechnology and Crop Science College of Agricultural Engineering SciencesUniversity of SulaimaniSulaimaniIraq Department of Agronomy PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan Agricultural Research Education and Extension OrganizationAgricultural Engineering Research InstituteKarajAlborzIran Department of Water Engineering University of TabrizTabrizIran Department of Agronomy Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Agricultural Research Center Cotton Research InstituteGiza 12619Egypt

Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield *** the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,moringa leaf extract(MLE)and mepiquat chloride(MC)alone and in combination MC and MLE on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIM 573)and transgenic one(CIM 598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom,45 and 90 days after *** The application of MC and MLE at 90 days after blooming significantly improved the relative growth rate,net assimilation rate,the number of bolls per plant,and seed cotton ***,the combined application of MLE and MC at 90 days after blooming significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium uptake in the leaves of both cotton *** application of MLE alone has considerably improved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton ***,Bt cotton treated with MLE at 90 days after blooming produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil *** in combination(MLE+MC)at 90 days after blooming produced considerably higher micronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional *** The natural growth enhancer,MLE is a rich source of minerals and zeatin,improving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars.

关键词： Bio-stimulant Cotton Fiber quality Mepiquat chloride Moringa leaf extract Potassium accumulation Oil contents

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A Review of the Bentong-Raub Suture vis-à-vis New Insight of the Tectonic Evolution of Malay Peninsula,South East Asia

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第5期90卷 1865-1886页

作者： aftab alam KHAN Mustaffa Kamal SHUIB Department of Geology University of Malaya Department of Geology University of Dhaka

Genesis of the so-called Bentong-Raub Suture of Malay Peninsula does not fit to the model of subduction-related *** has evolved from transpression tectonics resulting closure and exhumation of the inland basin which underwent extensive back-arc extension during *** having similar thickness（average-35 km） below entire Malay Peninsula nagate collision of two separate continental blocks rather supports single continental block that collided with South China continental block during *** subduction of intervening sea（Proto South China Sea） below Malay Peninsula resulted in widespread I- and S-Type granitization and volcanism in the back-arc basins during *** occurrence of Permo-Triassic Pahang volcanics of predominantly rhyolitic tuff suggest its derivation from back-arc ***-arc extension,basin development and sedimentation of the central belt of the peninsula continued until Cretaceous.A-Type granite of metaluminous to peraluminous character indicates their emplacement in an intraplate tectonic *** Peninsula suffered an anticlockwise rotation due to the rifting of Luconia-Dangerous Grounds from the east Asia in the Late Cretaceous-Early *** ductile and brittle deformation including crustal segmentation,pull-apart fracturing and faulting occurred during the closure and exhumation of the basins developed in the peninsula during Late Cretaceous-Early *** shortening in the central belt of the peninsula has been accomodated through strike-slip displacement,shearing and uplift.

关键词： Bentong-Raub fault intra-plate tectonics Triassic back-arc extension Cretaceoustranspression Malay Peninsula

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