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Landslide inventory and susceptibility modelling using geospatial tools,in Hunza-Nagar valley,northern Pakistan

Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第6期15卷 1354-1370页

作者： alam sher bacha Muhammad SHAFIQUE Harald van der WERFF National Centre of Excellanee in Geology University ofPeshawar Peshawar-25130 Pakistan Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation （ITC） University of Twente Ensehede 7500 AE The Netherlands

A comprehensive landslide inventory and susceptibility maps are prerequisite for developing and implementing landslide mitigation strategies. Landslide susceptibility maps for the landslides prone regions in northern Pakistan are rarely available. The Hunza-Nagar valley in northern Pakistan is known for its frequent and devastating landslides. In this paper, we have developed a landslide inventory map for Hunza-Nagar valley by using the visual interpretation of the SPOT-5 satellite imagery and mapped a total of 172 landslides. The landslide inventory was subsequently divided into modelling and validation data sets. For the development of landslide susceptibility map seven discrete landslide causative factors were correlated with the landslide inventory map using weight of evidence and frequency ratio statistical models. Four different models of conditional independence were used for the selection of landslide causative factors. The produced landslides susceptibility maps were validated by the success rate and area under curves criteria. The prediction power of the models was also validated with the prediction rate curve. The validation results shows that the success rate curves of the weight of evidence and the frequency models are 82% and 79%, respectively. The prediction accuracy results obtained from this study are 84% for weight of evidence model and 80% for the frequency ratio model. Finally, the landslide susceptibility index maps were classified into five different varying susceptibility zones. The validation and prediction result indicates that the weight of evidence and frequency ratio model are reliable to produce an accurate landslide susceptibility map, which may be helpful for landslides management strategies.

关键词： Landslides Inventory map Susceptibility assessment Northern Pakistan

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Landslide inventory and susceptibility assessment using multiple statistical approaches along the Karakoram highway,northern Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第3期18卷 583-598页

作者： Mian Luqman HUSSAIN Muhammad SHAFIQUE alam sher bacha CHEN Xiao-qing CHEN Hua-yong National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawar 25130Pakistan Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC)is a framework of regional connectivity,which will not only benefit China and Pakistan but will have positive impact on Iran,Afghanistan,India,Central Asian Republic,and the *** surrounding area in CPEC is prone to frequent disruption by geological hazards mainly landslides in northern *** landslide inventory and susceptibility assessment are rarely available to utilize for landslide mitigation *** study aims to utilize the high-resolution satellite images to develop a comprehensive landslide inventory and subsequently develop landslide susceptibility maps using multiple *** very high-resolution(VHR)satellite images are utilized to develop a landslide inventory using the visual image classification techniques,historic records and field observations.A total of 1632 landslides are mapped in the *** statistical models i.e.,frequency ratio,artificial neural network,weights of evidence and logistic regression were used for landslide susceptibility modeling by comparing the landslide inventory with the topographic parameters,geological features,drainage and road *** developed landslides susceptibility maps were verified using the area under curve(AUC)*** prediction power of the model was assessed by the prediction rate *** success rate curves show 93%,92.8%,92.7%and 87.4%accuracy of susceptibility maps for frequency ratio,artificial neural network,weights of evidence and logistic regression,*** developed landslide inventory and susceptibility maps can be used for land use planning and landslide mitigation strategies.

关键词： Landslides Inventory map Susceptibility assessment Northern Pakistan CPEC

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Optical Transmittance and Band Gap of Ferroelectric BaTi2O5 Bulk Glass

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第12期25卷 4421-4424页

作者： Javed Ahmad Hidetoshi Minami sher alam Jianding Yu Yasutomo Arai Hiromoto Uwe Institute of Materials Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan Department of Physics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800 Pakistan Advanced Materials Laboratory National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency ISS Science Project Office 2-1-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8505 Japan

Optical transmittance and reflectance on ferroelectric BaTi2O5 glasses prepared recently by a containerless synthesis technique are measured at room temperature in the wavelength range 190-800nm. The fundamental absorption edge located around 340nm demonstrates the coloudess and transparent character of the glass. The optical band gap of 3.32eV has been estimated. The tail of the optical absorption near the fundamental absorption edge is found to follow the Urbach rule. Our analysis of the experimental spectra supports an indirect allowed interband transition between the valence band formed by O-2p orbitals and the conduction band formed by Ti-3d orbitals.

关键词： field emission molybdenum dioxide enhancement factor

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谷子秸秆不同部位水浸液对3种杂草的化感作用

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应用生态学报 2020年第7期31卷 2243-2250页

作者：董淑琦曹鹏胡春艳 sher alam 原向阳杨雪芳郭平毅山西省小米产业工程研究中心/山西农业大学农学院山西太谷030801

通过测定种子萌芽期生物学指标和盆栽苗期生理指标,研究谷子不同部位(叶片、茎秆)不同浓度(原液、10倍稀释液、50倍稀释液、100倍稀释液)浸提液对反枝苋、藜、狗尾草3种谷田恶性杂草的化感作用。结果表明:谷子叶片、茎秆水浸提液对3种... 详细信息

通过测定种子萌芽期生物学指标和盆栽苗期生理指标,研究谷子不同部位(叶片、茎秆)不同浓度(原液、10倍稀释液、50倍稀释液、100倍稀释液)浸提液对反枝苋、藜、狗尾草3种谷田恶性杂草的化感作用。结果表明:谷子叶片、茎秆水浸提液对3种杂草均存在显著化感作用,且不同浓度浸提液化感作用存在差异,总体表现为原液有抑制作用,稀释液(10、50、100倍)有促进作用。叶片、茎秆浸提液原液处理下,反枝苋、藜、狗尾草的发芽率分别下降了63.9%、37.3%和41.7%,根长仅为对照的27.8%、37.8%和18.4%,芽长仅为对照的34.5%、27.7%和17.6%,净光合速率为对照的66.6%、89.9%和88.2%,蒸腾速率为对照的69.0%、87.5%和56.1%,原液对3种杂草的综合化感效应指数为-0.699、-0.716和-0.795,表现出较强的化感抑制作用。稀释液处理下化感促进作用随稀释倍数增加呈先上升后下降趋势,其中50倍稀释液促进作用最强,3种杂草的发芽率、根长和芽长均与对照达到差异显著水平,综合化感效应指数分别为0.261、0.217和0.165。谷田伴生杂草大量生长与谷子秸秆中化感物质淋溶有关。

关键词：谷子水浸提液光合作用幼苗生长化感作用

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Evaluation of Wheat Varietal Performance under Different Nitrogen Sources

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第3期8卷 561-573页

作者： Aaqil Khan Ahmad Khan Jincai Li Muhammad Irfan Ahmad alam sher Arif Rashid Waqar Ali School of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China Department of Agronomy Faculty of Crop Production Sciences The University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan Department of Crop Biotechnology Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China Depatment of Chemistry Bacha Khan University Charsadda Pakistan

Nitrogen fertilization plays a very important role for crop productivity. New developed wheat varieties need proper fertilization for improved crop productivity. The present study was carried out to quantify, the effects of nitrogen derived from urea and FYM on the four newly developed wheat varieties i.e. Siran-2009, Ata Habib, Janbaz-2009 and Pirsabak-2008 for yield improvement, quality and soil fertility status. The N treatments were control, 100% of the recommended nitrogen from urea as well as FYM, and 50% from each source. The experiment was carried out at New Developmental Farm, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University Peshawar Pakistan, during Rabi 2011-2012. Results of the data showed that Janbaz-2009 was more responsive to biological yield (11,011 kg·ha-1), grain yield (4339 kg·ha-1), and nitrogen use efficiency (14.8%), whereas Siran-2010 performed better for grain N contents (2.31%). Plots having both urea and FYM had improved biological yield (11,958 kg·ha-1), and grain yield (4901 kg·ha-1). Urea application had improved straw N contents (0.92%) in addition to Mix application of urea and FYM (0.93%). Mix application of both sources and sole FYM had higher grains N content (2.25%), whereas control plots in addition to mix application had improved nitrogen use efficiency (14.8%). Siran-2010 and Janbaz-2009 performed better in FYM and mix FYM and urea plots for most of the parameters. It was concluded from the experiment that Janbaz-2009 had improved yield and yield components, whereas Siran-2010 had improved the grain N content. Similarly, Mix application of FYM and urea had improved crop productivity, soil fertility and grains as well as straw N content. Thus wheat varieties Janbaz-2009 sown in mix FYM and urea is recommended for general cultivation in agro-climatic condition of Peshawar.

关键词： Wheat (Triticum avestium L.) Yield Urea Farm Yard Manure

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外源一氧化氮对盐胁迫下高粱种子萌发及淀粉转化的影响

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中国农业科学 2019年第22期52卷 4119-4128页

作者：尹美强王栋王金荣兰敏赵娟董淑琦宋喜娥 alam sher 原向阳王玉国温银元山西农业大学农学院

【目的】探讨外源一氧化氮(NO)对盐胁迫下高粱种子萌发过程的生理生化调节作用,为揭示甜高粱种子的萌发生理及其化学调控提供理论依据。【方法】以晋甜08-1为试材,用NaCl浓度(mmol·L)为0、50、100、150、200、300和400的溶液培养高粱种... 详细信息

【目的】探讨外源一氧化氮(NO)对盐胁迫下高粱种子萌发过程的生理生化调节作用,为揭示甜高粱种子的萌发生理及其化学调控提供理论依据。【方法】以晋甜08-1为试材,用NaCl浓度(mmol·L)为0、50、100、150、200、300和400的溶液培养高粱种子,通过萌发率确定高粱种子萌发期的耐盐适宜浓度、半致死浓度和极限浓度。用0.05、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6和0.8 mmol·L硝普钠(SNP,NO供体)在25℃黑暗条件下浸种12 h,以150 mmol·L的NaCl模拟盐胁迫,在培养36 h统计发芽势,72 h统计发芽率,在5 d时取样测定脯氨酸、丙二醛含量及淀粉转化相关指标。采用二硝基水杨酸法测定淀粉酶活性和还原性糖,蒽酮法测定可溶性糖和淀粉含量,茚三酮显色法测定脯氨酸含量,硫代巴比妥酸显色法测定丙二醛含量。通过对高粱种子发芽率、发芽势及种子吸胀、淀粉酶活性、淀粉及糖含量、脯氨酸等指标进行测定分析,研究外源一氧化氮对盐胁迫下高粱种子萌发及淀粉转化的影响。【结果】NaCl胁迫下高粱种子的萌发受到明显抑制,NaCl浓度大于100 mmol·L时高粱种子的萌发率显著降低,150 mmol·LNaCl处理时高粱种子的萌发率为63.17%,400 mmol·LNaCl完全抑制高粱种子萌发。0.05 mmol·L的SNP处理能够缓解盐胁迫对种子萌发的抑制,种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数分别比对照高14.44%、12.22%和18.07%(P<0.05);SNP处理使高粱种子中脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量分别增加18.97%和41.43%,从而降低渗透势,促进种子吸水,缓解NaCl造成的渗透胁迫,丙二醛含量显著降低,较NaCl单独处理降低了17.79%。SNP处理还能迅速提高盐胁迫下种子淀粉酶活性,在处理后第1天时就比NaCl处理提高了17.20%,加速淀粉的降解,显著增加可溶性糖和还原性糖含量。在处理的第5天时,SNP+NaCl处理淀粉含量比NaCl处理降低19.17%,可溶性糖和还原性糖的含量分别提高了41.4%和41.0%,差异显著(P<0.05),这为种子萌发提供能量,提高高粱种子萌发期的抗盐性。【结论】外源NO可调节高粱种子萌发期的淀粉酶活性和渗透调节能力,提高其对盐胁迫的抵抗能力,促进种子的萌发。

关键词：高粱盐胁迫一氧化氮种子萌发淀粉转化

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Significance of Chemical Priming on Yield and Yield Components of Wheat under Drought Stress

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第6期8卷 1339-1344页

作者： alam sher Aaqil khan Sajid Hussain Li Jin Cai Muhammad Irfan Ahmad Sikandar Ali Jamro Arif Rashid Anhui Agricultural University School of Agronomy Hefei China Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad Pakistan College of Agriculture BZU Bahadur Sub Campus Layyah Pakistan Department of Crop Biotechnology Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China

Drought is the most important factor limiting plant production in the majority of agricultural crops of the world. Wheat is generally grown on arid-agricultural fields. An experiment was conducted at the Plant physiology research area, Agronomic Research Institute Faisalabad, during winter 2010-11 to evaluate the effect of drought on wheat variety Lasani 2008. The experiment was comprised of following treatments. T1 Normal moisture (3 IR at CRS, Booting and grain filling), T2 No irrigation (only rainfed) control, T3 water spray (100 ppm), T4 ascorbic acid (100 ppm), T5 salicylic acid (100 ppm), T6 calcium chloride (100 ppm), T7 glycinbetain (100 ppm). According to the resulting data the treatment in which three irrigation were applied produced more no. of tillers (52%), spikelet per spike (41%), spike length (30%), grain per spike (58%), grain yield (54%), biological yield (35%) as compared to control. The treatment in which no irrigation was applied produced less no. of tillers, spikelet per spike, spike length, grain per spike, grain yield, biological yield. Thousand grain weight and harvest index were non significant among all treatments.

关键词： Wheat Hormonal Priming Drought Ascorbic Acid Salicylic Acid Calcium Chloride Glycinbetain

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OILCROP-SUN Model for Nitrogen Management of Diverse Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annus</i>L.) Hybrids Production under Agro-Climatic Conditions of Sargodha, Pakistan

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第3期8卷 412-427页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Ahmad Amjed Ali Aaqil Khan Sikandar Ali Jamro alam sher Shafeeq-ur Rahman Arif Rashid University College of Agriculture University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan School of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China Soil Fertility Laboratory University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Crop Biotechnology Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China

Decision support system for agro-technology transfer (DSSAT), OIL CROP-SUN Model was used to stimulate the phenology, growth, yield of different two sunflower hybrids. i.e. Hysun-33 and S-78 by applying different nitrogen levels. The effect of nitrogen (N) on growth and yield components of different sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids were evaluated under agro-climatic conditions of Sargodha, Pakistan during spring 2013. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement having three replications, keeping cultivars in the main plots and nitrogen levels (0, 45, 90,135 and 180 kg/ha) in sub plots. OIL CROP-SUN Model showed that the model was able to simulate the growth and yield of sunflower with an average of 10.44 error% between observed and simulate achene yield (AY). The result of simulation indicates that nitrogen rate of 180 kg/ha produced highest achene yield in S-78 hybrid as compared to other treatments and Hysun-33 cultivar.

关键词： Decision Support System for Agro-Technology Transfer Sunflower Nitrogen Achene Yield Crop Modeling

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Nitrogen Management of Diverse Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annus</i>L.) Hybrids Production under Agro-Climatic Conditions of Sargodha, Pakistan

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第6期8卷 1357-1367页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Ahmad Amjed Ali Aaqil Khan alam sher Arif Rashid Sikandar Ali Jamro Shafeeq ur-Rahman Saboor Ahmad School of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China University College of Agriculture University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Department of Crop Biotechnology Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Agriculture Water and Soil Environment Field Science Research Station of Xinxiang Xinxiang China Public Health Pest Laboratory (PHPL) of Jeddah Governorate Jeddah KSA

A field study was carried out with the objective to determine the effect of various levels of nitrogen on growth, development, yield and yield components of different sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids i.e. Hysun-33 and S-78 were evaluated under agro-climatic conditions of Sargodha, Pakistan during spring 2013. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement having three replications, keeping cultivars in the main plots and N levels in the subplots. The net plot size was 4.2 m × 6 m. The growth parameters such are leaf area, leaf area duration and yield parameters were observed are Days to a thesis, Days to maturity, head diameter (cm), No. of achene’s per head, Achene yield (kg·ha-1) and total dry matter (kg). The results showed that increasing the nitrogen rate also increased the No. of achene’s per head, Achene yield (kg·ha-1) and total dry matter (kg) in S-78 hybrid where the nitrogen application rate was 180 kg·ha-1 as compared to Hysun-33 cultivar.

关键词： Sunflower Nitrogen Growth and Yield

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Methanotrophy-driven accumulation of organic carbon in four paddy soils of Bangladesh

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Pedosphere 2022年第2期32卷 348-358页

作者： Nasrin SULTANA Jun ZHAO Yuanfeng CAI G.K.M.Mustafizur RAHMAN Mohammad Saiful alam Mohammad FAHEEM Adrian HO Zhongjun JIA State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Bangla Agricultural University(SAU)Sher-e-Bangla NagarDhaka-1207Bangladesh Department of Soil Science Faculty of AgricultureBangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University(BSMRAU)Gazipur-1706Bangladesh Institute for Microbiology Leibniz Universität HannoverHerrenhäuser Straße 2Building 4104Hannover D-30419Germany

Biological methane oxidation is a crucial process in the global carbon cycle that reduces methane emissions from paddy fields and natural wetlands into the ***,soil organic carbon accumulation associated with microbial methane oxidation is poorly ***,to investigate methane-derived carbon incorporation into soil organic matter,paddy soils originated from different parent materials(Inceptisol,Entisol,and Alfisol) were collected after rice harvesting from four major rice-producing regions in *** microcosm incubation with 5%(volume/volume)^(13) CH_(4),soil^(13) C-atom abundances significantly increased from background level of 1.08% to 1.88%–2.78%,leading to a net methane-derived accumulation of soil organic carbon ranging from 120 to 307 mg kg^(-1).Approximately 23.6%–60.0% of the methane consumed was converted to soil organic carbon during microbial methane *** phylogeny of^(13) C-labeled pmoA(enconding the alpha subunit of the particulate methane monooxygenase) and 16 S rRNA genes further revealed that canonical α(type II) and γ(type I) Proteobacteria were active methane *** within the Methylobacter-and Methylosarcina-affiliated type Ia lineages dominated active methane-oxidizing communities that were responsible for the majority of methane-derived carbon accumulation in all three paddy soils,while Methylocystis-affiliated type IIa lineage was the key contributor in one paddy soil of Inceptisol *** results suggest that methanotroph-mediated synthesis of biomass plays an important role in soil organic matter *** study thus supports the concept that methanotrophs not only consume the greenhouse gas methane but also serve as a key biotic factor in maintaining soil fertility.

关键词： 16S rRNA gene DNA-based stable-isotope probing(DNA-SIP) methane oxidation methanotroph pmoA rice soil soil organic carbon soil organic matter

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